
Book ■7y.'3 fu 



FKH.SKNTICO HY 



\,^ I L- -1^ <P 



On Active Service 
with Base Hospital 

46 



U. S. A. 



Mar. 20, 1918 



to 



May 25, 1919 



A?n 



u> 



nrpRiMis 



() tlie friends of Ease Hospital Xo. M). and to 
tlie nieinbei's of tlie I^nit, of whose life and 
work toi^etlier it is a reeord, tills volume is 
offered in tlie hope that it may gratify those 
wlio. waiting at home, were witli us in spirit, 
and may provide all who had a part in the work with a 
memorial of their serviees, of value and interest in the 
days to come. 




With this douhle |)ui-p()se in view, the Editors have 
tried to take a broad view of the task committed to them, 
and to present a picture as comprehensive as possible, even 
though faulty in execution. They felt that if it presented 
only the grave and serious aspects it would not be a faith- 
ful picture. They thought, too, that the details of the Hos- 
pital's organization and functioning were best known to 
those persons who were most directly concerned, and there- 
fore, they sought to obtain brief reports from each sub- 
division of the several departments, instead of committing 
the whole to writers chosen for literary ability. 

Considering that, in this great epoch, of our Nation's 
life, the spirit which has animated all, from the least to 
the greatest, in the non-combatant branches of the Service 
as well as those bearing arms, the home workers as well as 
those who crossed the sea, was one of giving the best w^e 
had to the common cause, we feel it appropriate to dedi- 
cate this record to 

THE SPUilT OF 1917 

1U)AUI) OF EDITORS 

Otis li. Wkiiit. .Mnjor, M. C, Portland, Oregon, 
( 'Jitunudii. 

Donald Macomhkii, Cajitain, M. C, Boston, 
Massachusetts. 

AiiTiuii S. RosExiKii), I'"irst F,i<Mit(Miant, M. C, 
Portland, Oregon. 



IIIIMIIIIItllltlHIIMMIIIirill 



iiiiiiiiiiiiitiMiiiriiif 



IIIIIIIIIII1IMIIIIIIIII 



Ox Active Sehvk e 




l.IKllKNAM C()I,()NI-,I, UOlil-.Ur C. VF.NNEY 



M'lTn Bask Hosimtai, Fohtv-Six 7 

COMMANDING OFFICERS 
Base Hospital 46 

I.IKITKXAXT C'OI.ONEI, \\ . H. DaVIS, M. C. (NoW Coloiul M . C) 

("oininaiuliiiu- Ofticcr. Hasc H()si)ital No. l(i. .Marrli '^{^. 1 <) I S 
to July .SI, H)1S. 

Ma.ioh Charles A. Betts. M. C. (Now Lieutenant Colonel ,M. C.) 
Conimandini>; Offieer. liast- Hospital No. K), August 1, 1918. 
to Sei)t(inl)(r I . 1<)1S. 

M \.M)u Thomas M. ,Jov( e, M. C. 

Comnianding OHieer. Base Hos])ital \o. IG. Scpttanber 1. 
If) 18, to October 1. 1<)18. 

Lieutenant Colonel Rohert C. Yenney, ^L C. 

Commanding Offieer, Base Hospital No. Ki. Oetober 1. IfdS 
until demobilized May 22, 1919. 

\Mien Base Hos])ital Xo. Ki was organized. onl\- one m.-ni was 
thought of for the direetorslii)), the medical officer who would really 
be the l<"atlier of the L'nit. In the I''all of 1<)17. nnieh of his time was 
devoted to the preliuiinary ste))s of organization, to the selection of 
mn-ses and persoiniel and all the details that constantly developed. 

During mobilization, on our trip <)\er and in our work in the A. K. F.. 
his associates have always felt that the good work done 1)\- the unit was 
largely due to his steady hand on the whrel. and his coninion sense 
in .adjusting difficulties. 

It could properly be said that, without Holurt C. ""I'ennev at the 
helm. Base Hospital Hi would have had a nuieh more difficult career 
ami would not ha\<' so full\' canird its oood nauu'. 



On Active Service 




IX MEMO HI AM 

MOXCi thf ])rocf.ssioiis wliicli followed the 
Haa,-dr;i|)ed casket to the graveyard in 
the wiJlev bi'tweeii the wooded hills and 
the winding ri\'er wore two whose signiri- 
canee was esjHcially \ivid to the members 
of our unit. Although ser\'ing at a distance from the 
liattle-iine these young ])eo|)le were luvertheless called 
to make tile su])reme saerifie<' and their lives were as 
truly offered on the Altar of [liberty as those of the 
combatants whose gra\es surround theirs. And later 
came the news of the loss of one who liad been denied 
the ])ri\ilege of ])erforming that service for which 
came because se])arated from the unit by illness at the 
port of debarkation. To Xorene M. Rover. A. N. C. 
who died September U). 1<)KS; to Corporal Ernest D. 
Stout. .M. ('.. who died September -^l. I.QIS, and to 
Private First Class Kenneth Al. Welshons, who died No- 
vember 9, 1918. we dedicate this page in memory of the 
lives they lived among us and the offering they made for 
the cause of our common service. 

RK(K'IESCAXT IX PACE 



NoRENE M. Rover, A. N. C. 
Died September 17, 1918. 

Corporal Krxest D. Stout 
Died Septeniher 22, 1018 

Private First Class Kenneth M. Welshons 
Died November 9, 1918, Allerey. 



^^'ITH Base Hosimtal Foinv-Six 




I \m; \i (ii \il--^ i;i <\ 1.1. 




WIKKUAN CF.METKK^ A I H \/.( il 1 .1 .KS 



^^ I'lll H ASK IIoSlMTAL I'oHTvS I X 11 

OFFICERS 
Base Hospital 46 

WILLIAM K. I)A\'IS. Li.iitciinnt-C'oloiicL Mcdicnl (■()r])s. U. S. 
Army, born July 10. INTl. at W'ythcvillf. \'a. Rcsidciu-c. a.s 
assigned. L'. S. Army. (n-aduat«(I from \'aiidirbilt Univer- 
sity School of Medic-iiu-. 1S<)<S; from U. S. Army Medical 
School, 19('L Continuously in the ser\ice of the U. S., 
throuii'li the \arious grades. .Issii^ncd fa Commnud of Base 
Hospital K). Camp Lewis. Wash., .March ^21. 1})IS. Relieved 
of connnand of Base Hospital K), July .S L 1!)1S. and made 
Connuandiny- (Xiieer. H()si)ital Center. Lanj2,-res. 

THOMAS M. ,K)YCK, M.ajor. M. C.. horn at Knunetshur<.-. la.. Jan- 
uary '27, 18S.K Connnissioned I'irst Lieutoiant March 8, 
If)] 2. First assionment October 1.'). IfHT. to Philadelphia 
School of Neurological Surgery: to Rockefeller Institute, 
New York. March '2,".. 1<)1S; to V. S. General Hos])ital No. (). 
Baltimore. Md.. April (), 1918; to Camp Lewis from leave, 
Aj^ril 17, 1<)18. Oriii'mal Staff, recommended July !•. 1917- 
Promoted Captain. November '2. 1917: Major. March 1'), 
191 8. Residence. Portland. Oregon. (Jraduated from Uni- 
versity of Michigan Medical School. 1910. In command of 
Base Hospital No. Ki from Se])tember 1. I'd 8 to October 1, 
I9I8. Chief of Surgical Service. October 1. 1!)IS. to Decem- 
ber -^f). 1918. l)e])arted for Casual Otticers' Camp. Angers, 
for return to tlie United States. Deeembcr 29. If) 18. 

ROBERT C. YENNKY. Lit ulmanl-Colont 1. .M. ( .. born Walla Walla. 
Wash.. March 18. ]8()8. Director of Base Hospital So. K). 
A. R. C. Residence. Portland. Oregon, (iraduate of Uni- 
versitv of Pennsylv.ania Medical School, LSf)'2. Connnissioned 
First Lieutenant, .luly 2L 11)17. Original Staff, i)ronK)tcd 
.Major. November 1.'!. n»l7. I'irst assignment, April 5. 1918, 
to Camp Lewis. \\'asliington. Chief of Medical Service, Base 
Hospital No. 1(). July !). 1 !) 1 8 to October I, 1918. Promoted 
Lieutenant-Colonrl. September 2L 1918. .Accepted connnis- 
sion, October 1. 1918. and assumed connnand of Base Hos- 
pital No. t(). 



12 On Active Sf.kvh e 

LAURENCE SELLING, Major, M. R. C. horn March 18. 1882, 
Portland. Oregon. ()ri^i)ial Stalf, reconnncndt'd July !■. 1^17. 
RfsideiKT. Portland. Oregon. A. B.. Yale. ]<)()t. (Graduated 
from Johns Hopkins Medical School, ]iH)H. Commissioned 
Captain, September 8, I.QIT- First assignment. October 17, 
1917, School of Neurological Surgery, Pliiladel))hia ; to Ho- 
boken to rejoin liase Hos))ital No. K). A])ril ,"). I9IS; to 
Base Hos])ital. Camp Merritt. for t;'m])orary duty, April 
11. 1918. Promoted Major May. 191i). 

ROBERT L. BENSON, Major. M. R. C.. born May .!(). 1880, at 
Flint, ALcIiigan. Original Siiiff, reco innended .luly t. If) 17- 
Residence, Portland. Oregon. B. A.. .\L A.. Michigan. l!)()2-k 
Graduated from Rush Medical School. IfJlO. Counnissioned 
First Lieutenant, Aj^ril 20, 1.917. First assignment ^Liy S, 

1917, Vancouver Barracks, \\'asli.. .July (1. 1917; to Portland 
Oregon, to examine personnel and recruit for Base Hos])ital 
No. 16; August 27. 1917, to I'ort Riley. Kansas; A])ril 10, 

1918, to Cam]> ALUs. N. Y.; .lune 9. 1918, to Camp Merritt. 
N. J., to join Base Hospital No. K). Promoted Ca])tain 
November 2. 1917- Promoted .ALajor, October 11, 1918. 
Accepted commission. November 1, I9I8. De))arted Decem- 
ber 29, 191 8, for Casual Officers" Canij), Angers, for return 
to the United States. 

SPIRO SARGEXTICH. Captain. M. C., born May 1, 1872, at Budua. 
Dalmatia. Original Stalf, recommended July. If) 17- Resi- 
dence, Portland, Oregon, (iraduated from University of Cali- 
fornia, College Pliy. and Surg.. San Francisco. 1902. Com- 
missioned First Lieutenant. A])ril 17, 1917. First assign- 
ment, June 2, 1917, as recruiting officer, to Portland, Oregon; 
June .SO, 1917, with Field Hos])ital, No. :U to Camp Lewis, 
Wash.; Se))tember IS, 1917. to ^^'ashington. 1). C, Army 
War College; April 12, 1918, to Camp Merritt. N. J., Bast- 
Hospital, to await Base Hospital No. If). Promoted Ca])taiii, 
November .'), 1917- Transferred .hdy 21, lf)18. to ,'5;!lst 
Field Hospital for duty in Italy. 

OTTO W. KOCH, Major. M. C.. born October 17, 1875), at Austin, 
Texas. Residence, Ballwin, St. Louis County. "Wo. (iradu- 
ated from St. Louis College Phy. and Surg.. 1 90 1 . Com- 
missioned l'"irst Lieutenant. August .">. If) 17- I'irst assign- 



\\'iTii Base Hosimtai, Foktv-Six l" 

iiu'iit. Sfi)tciul)cr :>. I}) 17. to ('.•iiu]) Arthur. Tfxas. .Lssiiiiwd 
Base Hospital Xo. K). C'am|) Lewis. W'asli.. Ai)ril j. 1()1S. 
Proinotid C'ai)taiii, Decfinber Iti, \i}\~. Acc-tpttd coimuissiou 
as Major. November '25, IPIH. Transferred to l'r()\ isional 
Hospital No. 1. for duty. .laiiuary. 1()1!). 

DONALD .\L\('()MHKH. Captain. .\L ('.. born Jainiary ^i(). ISS.'). at 
Boston. .\Lissaeluisetts. Residence, West Newton. ALassachu- 
setts. (iraduated from Harvard Medieal Sehool, 1<)()9. Com- 
mis.sioned as Captain, December (). 11)17. l'"irst assignment. 
Aug-ust '^S. 1!)17. Cardio Vascular expert. Camp Devens. 
Aver, .\Liss. Second assignment. December ■;-'(). If) 17. to 
Base Hospital No. IK). New York City. .Ls.siirnrd Hasc Hos- 
pital .\(). K). Camp Merritt. N. ,L. .lune (i. 1<)1S. l)ei)arted 
Januar\- 11. IfHfh for Casual Oliicers' Cam]). Angers, for 
return to the L'nited States. 

RICHARD B. DILLKHLNT, Major. M. C.. born ,luly 1.). 1SS7, nt 
Decatur. Illinois. Orioiutil Stalf, reeonnnended .Inly 1})17. 
Residence, PortlancL Oregon. Ciraduated from Rush Medical 
College. Chicago, lf)l(). Commissioned l'"irst Lieutenant, July 
7, L')17. I'irst assignment, August 'i."), 1!)17. to Lort D. A. 
Russell. Wyo.; .January, l()lcS, to Cam|) I'remont. Cab; Feb- 
ruarv. 11)18, to School Military ()rtlio|)edics, Los Angele.s, 
CaL ; April 10. l,<)LS.to Camp Lewis with Base Hospital No. 
Hi. Promoted Captain. .Lanuary 1, 1<)1S. Transferred De- 
cember H), 1<)1S, to Base Hosi)ital No. 1 1 !• for duty. 
Returned to duty with Base Hospital No. Ki. l'"ebruary '2.0. 
1})1!). Promoted to grade of Major. .M . ('.. I''ebruary 17. 
i;)l!). Accepted conunission l'"el)riiary -^7. 1 !)!!). 

RALPH .\. LKNTON. .Major. .\L C.. born November :>. ISSO. at 
Lal'ayette. Oregon. Oriaiiial Stalf, recommended .hdy. li)17. 
Residence. Portland. Oregon, (iraduat-d from L'nixersity of 
Oregon. 1 <)().'!, A. B.; Northwestern L'nixcrsity Medical 
School. 1<)()(). Connnissioned as T'irst Lieutenant. August '■2(), 

1917. I'irst assigmneiit. December 1-, If) 17. l)resident Oregon 
Examining lioard. M. H. C.. :>2 days" service. To duty April 
,"). 1!)1S. Camp Lewis. Wash., with Base Hospital No. M). 
Promoted Captain. October ,'>, 1917. Transferred July 17. 

1918. for duty at Army Candidates' School. I.angres. Pro- 
moted to grade of .Major, November 1.1, 1918. 



14 On Active Service 

WILLIAM S. KNX)X, .Major. M. C. born February Hi. 1SS;5. at 
Canajoharie, X. Y. Original Staff, rccoiiinit'iidcd July, 1917. 
Residence, Portland. Oregon. Graduated from University of 
Michigan Medical School, l.QOf). Commissioned Captain, No- 
vember 2, 1917. First assignment. March 7, 1918, Camp 
Lewis, Base Hospital; to Base Hospital No. td, April 6, 
1917. Promoted Major, July 11, 1918. Chief of Medical 
Service, October 1, 1918, to December 29, 1918. Departed 
December 29, 1918, for Casual Officers' Camp, Angers, for 
return to United States. 

OTIS B. WIGHT. Major, M. R. C, born May 28, 1877, at Cleve- 
land. Ohio. Original Staff, recoumiended November, 1917. 
Residence, Portland, Oregon. Graduated from Stanford L'ni- 
versity, A. B., 1898; Johns Hopkins Medical, 1902. Com- 
missioned Captain, December 2. 1917. First assignment. 
March 20, 1918, Portland, Oregon, to mobilize enlisted men 
Base Hospital No. I6; April, .), I9I8, to Camp Lewis. Pro- 
moted Major, October 11, I9I8. Accepted commission. No- 
vember 2, 191 8. Chief of Medical Service, Base Hospital No. 
46, December 29, 1918 to January 26, 1919- Ai)pointed 
Adjutant and Registrar^ January 26, 1919. 

EDWIN W. MORSE, Ceptain, M. R. C. born January 28, 1876, at 
Portland, Oregon. Original Staff', recommended July 1917. 
Residence, Portland, Oregon, (xraduated from Jefferson 
Medical School, Philadelphia. 1!)()S. Commissioned Captain, 
August 20, 1917. First assignment, April .5, I9I8, Camp 
Lewis, Wash., with Base Hospital No. 16. Departed for 
Casual Officers' Camp, Angers, .lanuarv 1.'?, 1.919, for return 
to United States. 

JOHNSON, JOHN H., Major, M. C, born at Sharon, Miss.. March 
25, 1866. Residence, Brookhaven, Miss. Graduated from 
Tulane University, 1888. Commissioned First Lieutenant, 
April 20, 1917. First assignment. Camp Shelby, Miss., 
August 20, 1917. Promoted Captain, December 20. I917. 
Assigned Base Hospital No. 16, Camp Merritt, June 8. I9I8. 
Promoted Major October 11, 1918. Accepted ecmimission, 
October 28, 1918. 



^^'ITH Bask Hosimtai. Foktv-Six 15 

HARRY M. B()U\'V. Captain. M. C. horn Xov.mlxr .i 1 . 
188"). at Ottawa. Kan. Original Stalf, rt'coninu'nck'd July 
1917- Ri'sidciicf. I. a Grandf, Oregon. (Iradnatcd from Uni- 
versity Michiiian 1908. Ph. G., University Oregon. Medieal 
Dept., 1911. Connnissioned First Lieutenant, July 1, 1917. 
First assignnient. Oetoher (i. 1917, Fort Og]etlior))e, Ga.; 
February, 1918. Cani]) Sheridan, Ala.; April, lid 8. Hobo- 
ken, X. J., to await Base Hospital No. Ki; April. Camp 
^lerritt. Base Hospital; June ."), to Base Hospital No. K). 
Accepted commission as Ca))tain. Xovember 'J(). 1918. 

SAMUEU A. HHVXK. I'irst Lieutenant, M . C.. born November 1. 
189-2, at Charlotte. X. C. Residence, Cliarlotte. X. C. (iradu- 
ated from North Carolina Medical College, 191.). Connnis- 
sioned First Lieutenant. August 12. 1917. First assignment, 
October 18. 1917. Richmond, Va., School of .Military Roent- 
genology; November, 1917, Fort Oglethor))e. (la. .l.s.'iii'licd 
Base Hospital No. Hi, Camp Merritt, X. .L, Ai)ril, 1918. 

GARRETT LEE HYNSON, Captain, ^L ('.. born December 
'29, 188.S, at Milford, Delaware. Original Siaff, recommended 
Julv. 1917. Residence, Portland. Oregon. Graduated from 
.Jefferson Medieal College. Philadelphia. 1911. Commissioned 
First Lieutenant. September 1.). 1917. First assignment, 
^Larch 1. 1918. Chicago, 111., School of Oral Surgiry, Xorth- 
western L'niversity ; A))ril 1, to Fort Oglethorpe, Ga. ; April 
12, to Cam]) Merritt, Base Hos[)ital, to await liase Hos])ital 
No. K). I'romoted to grade of Captain. March 7. 1919. Ac- 
cepted commission. March 8. 1919. 

KARL P. MORAX, First Li.utenant, .\L C.. born October 22. 1888, 
at Eldora. Iowa. Original Staff, recommended .July. 1917- 
Residence. Portland. Oregon. Graduated from Baylor Uni- 
versity. ^L'dieal De])artment. Texas. 191.S. Commissioned 
First Lieutenant. Se])tember 1. 1917. First assignment. De- 
cember 1. 1917. Portland. Oregon, with examining board. 
AL R. C, ."'2 days; Camp Lewis. Wash., with Base Hospital 
No. !•(). \\)y'\\ ."). 1918. Dei)arted for L'nited States as Class 
"D" patient Xovember 18. 1918. 

IRVIXG M. LUPTON. Captain, M. C. born March 27. 1890. 
at Minneapolis. Minn. Original Staff, recommended July, 
1917. Residence. Spokane. Wash. Graduated from L'niver- 



16 On A(tivk Skrvu e 

sity Ongoii, Medical D(j)artiiRiit. 191."). COinmissioned First 
I>ieutenant, July 18. 1917. First assignment. December 7, 
1917, San Francisco. Cal., Presidio; January, 1918, Camp 
Fremont, Cal.; April, 1918, Camp Lewis, Wash., with Base 
Hospital No. 16. Promoted to grade of Captain, February 17, 
1919. Accepted commission, March 2. 1919. 

CHARLES E. WEST, Captain, M. C, born October .'?, 1871. 
at Hannibal, ^lo. Residence, Decatur. Illinois. Graduated 
from Chicago Homeopathic Medical College, 1898. Commis- 
sioned First I>ieutenant, August I."). 1917. First assignment. 
December '-2.S. 1917, Camp Grant. Illinois. Assigned Base 
Hospital Xo. K). Camp :Merritt. X. .1.. June 3, 1918. Pro- 
moted to grade of Captain. February 17. 1919. Accepted 
commission. March .'5, 1919. 

AUSTIN H. WOOD, First Lieutenant. M. C.. born .May 26. 1890, at 
Willock, Allegheny County, Pa. Residence, Baltimore. Md. 
Graduated from University of Maryland, .Medical Depart- 
ment. 1911. Commissioned First Lieutenant. December 1. 
1917. First assignment. Jaiuiarv l."), 1918, New York City, 
Post Graduate Hospital; March 1. 1918. Camj) Meade. Md. 
Assigned Base Hospital No. K), Camp Mcrritt. N. J.. May 

27, 1918, reporting June '). 

EDWARD F. /lEGELMAN. Major. M. ('.. horn July 10. 
188t, at I>a Crosse, Wis. Original Staf}', recommended July. 

1917. Residence. Portland, Oregon. Graduated from Jefler- 
sou Medical College, Philadelphia. 1912. Conunissioned First 
IJeutenant, September la. H)17. I'irst assignment, December 
1, 1917, Portland. Oregon, as recruiting officer. 2.S days' 
service; to duty. March II, 1918, Universitv California. 
San Francisco, surgical course; C .nup Lewis. Wash., to Base 
HosjMtal No. 16, April 9, 1918. Ranks as of date February 
lb". 1918. Promoted Captain, July 10. 1918. Accepted com- 
mission, August 23, 1918 Transferred to P'iVacuation Hospital 
No. 21, .Jamiary .SI, 1919. Commissioned Major. May 2. 1919. 

ARTHUR S. ROSFXFFLD, First Lieutenant. M. C.. born .lanuary 

28. 188(). at Portland. Oregon. Original Siaff, rt-comniended 
July. 1917. Residence. Portland. Oregon, (iraduated from 
Johns Ho))kins University. Medical Department, 1911; from 
Stanford University, A. B., 1907. Conunissioned First Lieu- 
tenant, September 17, 1917. First assignment. March 12. 

1918, Fort Riley, Kansas, to Base Hospital; x\]iril (i. to 



With 1^\si: Hospital 1"ohtv-Six 17 

Cam]) Mtrritt. X. .1.. Base Hospital, to await Base Hos- 
pital No. K). 

I.OriS A. MANGAX, Captain. M. ('.. l)orii Ai)ril '28. 1<SS(). 
at Crystal. \. IX Residfiict'. Outlook, Montana. (Iraduatcd 
from Xorthwcsttrn University Medical School. ('liica<i;o. 
1911-. Commissioned I'irst Lieutenant, T'ehruary I. IDIS. 
First assig-nment. .March 20, 1918, to Fort Oglethorpe, (ia.: 
Camp Merritt, X. .1. Assigued Base Hospital Xo. 1(), June 1. 
Promoted to grade of Captain. I-"ebruary 17. 1919. .Vcecpted 
commission March "2, 1919. 

HUBERT FRAXK PARSONS. Captain. 1). ( .. l)orn l)<ceni- 
ber 1, ISSO. at Portland, Oregon. Orig'nuil Stiilf. rceo n- 
mended July 1917. Residence, Portland. Oregon. (Iraduatcd 
from Xorth Pacific Dental College, 19(>!». Commissioned 
First Lieutenant, August l,"), 1917. I'"irst assignment. Cam]) 
Lewis. \\'ash.. April ,■-). 1918. with Base Hospital Xo. M). 
Promoted Ca])tain dune 7. 1918. Accepted commission. July 
.SO. 1918. 

.NL\LC0I;M S. black. S.cond Lieutenant. Q. M. C.. horn April 29, 
189'5, at Brooklyn. Xew York. Residence. Orange. X. J. 
Graduated from St. Lawrence L'niversity. 19 Hi. Commis- 
sioned Second Lieutenant. May .'!. 191 S. I'irst assignment. 
.^L•lv '2. 1918. .l.ssigiK'd as QiKirtcrDXistcr Hiisc Hos/iilal Xo. 
\^6. Assigned to 91st Dixision for dut\' and (hpnrti-d Oetolur 
1, 1918. 

CLIXTOX JEXXIXGS GREENE, Chaplain (First l.i.utenant) . 
American Red Cross, born January 10. lS8t. in .Mexico. 
Oriii'mal Stdf]', recouunended December, 1917: a Presbyterian 
minister. Residence and pastorate, Corvallis, Oregon. Gradu- 
ated from Princeton L'niversity, A. B.. 1908: .McCormick 
Theological .Seminary. 1911. Commissioned by Red Cross, 
December l.S, 1.917- First assigmneiit to Base Ilo.spitdl Xo. 
46, at Portland. Oregon. March '21. 1918; left behind at 
Cam]) Merritt. X. J.. June 10. 1918. to await overseas orders. 

HARTLEY F. MARS. First Lieutenant. M. C.. born August '2. 1890, 
at Cottage Grove, Minn. Residence. Chicago. 111. (iradu- 
atcd from University Illinois. .Medical De])artment. 1917. 



18 On Active Service 

Commissioned First Licutcnaiit. Dt-cember 12, 1917. First 
assignment, June 6, 1918, Assigned Base Hospital K). Camp 
INIerritt, N. J. Assigned to Evacuation Hospital No. "21, 
•lanuary :U . 1919. 

FRANK STEIXER, Cai)tain, Sanitary Corps, born Septem- 
ber 26. 1885, at Chicago, Illinois. Residence, San Francisco, 
California. Graduated from School of Pharmacy, San Fran- 
cisco, California, 1911. Commissioned First Lieutenant, 
April, 1918. First assignment, Base Hospital Xo. K), .Tune 
T), 1918, as Adjutant. Transferred to Chief Surgeon's Office, 
Tours, France, January 25, 1919, for duty. 

PRESTON ALBERT WELLS, Second Lieutenant, Q. ,\L C., born 
January .SO, 1891, at Chicago, Illinois. Residence, Chicago, 
Illinois. Accepted commission as Second Lieutenant, August 
\5, 1917. First assignment. Quartermaster Training Bat- 
talion, Camp Cirant, Illinois. Assigned to Base Hosjiital No. 
K) as Quartermaster, Sei)tember 21, 1918. 

BENJAMIN W. McKENZIE, First Lieutenant, M. C., born January 
.'5, 189.S, in Rowan County, North Carolina. Residence, Salis- 
bury, N. C. Graduated from Jefferson Medical College. 
Pliilade]})hia, 1916. First assignment, June 5, 1918. Assigned 
Base Hospital A^o. K), Camp Merritt, N. J. Assigned to 
Evacuation Hospital No. 21, January .SI. 1919. 

JESSE RUSH PATTON, First Lieutenant, .\I. C., born April 2, 
1891, at Long Branch, N. J. Residence, Long Branch, N. J. 
Graduated from University and Bellevue Hospital, Medical 
School, 1917. Commissioned First Lieutenant, April 1, 1918. 
First assignment, June 5, 1918, Assigned Base Hospital No. 
l6, Camp Merritt, N. J. Assigned to Provisional Hospital 
No. 1, January ,"), 1919. 

RICHARD JOHN WERNER, Second Lieutenant, Sanitary Corps, 
born December 8, 189.'?. Residence, Los Angeles, California. 
Graduated from Oregon Agricultural College, June, 1917. 
Commissioned as Second Lieutenant, October 1, 1918. First 
assigTUiient, November 23, 1918, as Detachment Commander. 
Base Hospital No. 16. Subsequently appointed Mess Officer 
and Medical Su))|)ly Officer. 



^^'lTII 15 ASK HoSlMTAI, 1 "()[!TV-S IX 19 

THOMAS B. SCOTT. I'irst I.iriitciiaiit. M. C. l)()rn Octolxr •20, 
1S})(». at Carroll. Iowa. Rt'sidt-ncc. I^iitti . Montana, (iraclii- 
atcfi from C'rciiilitoii .Medical Scl'.ool. Omaha. I!)i7. Coin- 
missioiit'd I'irst LiruttiiaDt. Dcccinl-.tr 'it. I!) 17- I'irst assiyii- 
inent. Juin' .'!. I!) IS. (amp Mcrritt. N. J.. ./.v.v/'i,'//rr/ to liasc 
Hospital Xo. 1(). .Vssii>-iicd to K\ .■iciiation Hospital Xo. '21 
January. !!)!!» 

JOHN T. DAVES. First I.icut.iiant. M. C. lorn .Inly l(j, 1S9.S, at 
Haskcrs\illc. \'a. Htsidentf. Bask(rs\ illc. \'a. (iraduated 
from Liiivcrsitv .Maryland, Medical l)ei)artment. 1!)17. Com- 
missioned I'irst Lieutenant. December l."). ID 17. I'irst assign- 
ment. .June .">. 1})IS. . I. <i.s loaned liasc Hospital Xo. l(i. Camp 
Merritt. N. J. Departed for Casual Ottieers' C'am|). ,\nger.s, 
December 2!). 1!)1S, for return to tlie I'nited States. 

JAMKS H. .JOHNSON. Captain. 1). C. born March 17. LSDl. at 
Topeka, Kansas. liesidence. Portland. ()ret>'on. (iraduated 
from North Pacific College. Portland. Oregon, .lune. 15)09. 
Commissioned I'irst Lieutenant, August .'!. 1917. Promoted to 
grade of Captain. .luue 7. 19IS. I'irst assignment. First 
Colorado Infantry. October, 1917. Camp Kearney, C'aliforni;i. 
Assigned to Base IIosi)ital No. 1(|, June 10, 191 S. 

WILLIAM H. SKKNK. M.'ijor. M. C.. bom March 11. ]S(J7. in 
Scotland. ()ri<>iiial Staff, reconunended July. 1917. Residence, 
Portland. Oregon. Ciraduated from Long Island Colb-ge 
Hospital .Medical School. N. Y.. IKSS. Conunissioned Cap- 
tain, NovtMuber 2. 1917. I'irst assiginuent, April .">, 191 S, 
Camp Lewis, ^^'ash.. with Base Hospital No. 1(). Accepted 
commission as .Major, December 2, 1918. Chief of .Surgical 
Service. D.'cendur 29. 191 S, to .lanuary 19. li)19. 

JOHN I. HOBISON. .Major. .M. C.. horn .June l.i. 1S7'2. in /ion. Pa. 
Residence, Scranton, Pa. (iraduated from Jefferson Medical 
College, .lune 1.'!, 1898. Conunissioned Ca])tain, .luue 1, 1917. 
Accepted conunission as Major. A))ril 20. 191 S. I'irst assign- 
ment. Commanding Officer Ambulance Co. No. '2(j. October 
2(), 1917. .\ssigned to Base Hospital No. K). October 11, 
1918. Transferred to Provisional Hospital No. I for duty, 
Januarv (), 1919. 



20 On Active Service 

WILLIAM NEELY COLTON, Chaplain (First Lituteuant), Amtri- 
can Red Cross, born September 18, 1875, in Beatrice. Ne- 
braska. Residence and pastorate, Irvington-on-Hudson, N. 
Y. ; a Protestant Episcopal minister. Red Cross appointment. 
May 5, 1918. Chaplain Military Hospital No. 'i. Jnne 10. 
1918, Paris. Assigned Base Hospital Xu. KJ. A. P. (). 7'?1, 
.July 6. 1918. 

CHARLES F. BOULDIN, Captain, Sanitary Corps, born 
Jannary 10, 1891, at Pueblo, Colorado. Graduated from 
Lniversity Mechanical Arts. Los Angeles, California. 19L2. 
Commissioned, June 5, 1918. First assignment. Base Hos- 
pital No. Ki, June 5. 1918, as Medical Su])ply Ofiicer. Trans- 
ferred to Provisional Hospital No. 1. .I;inuary 9. 1919. 

CHARLES A. BETTS. Lieutenant Colonel. M. C. born June 7, 187.S, 
at Saginaw, Michigan. Residence, Seattle, Washington, 
(xraduated from Rush Medical College, October, 1900. Army 
Medical School, June, 1908. Assigned to Base Hospital No. 
1-6, June 10, 1918; joined August 1, 1918. Commanding Offi- 
cer Base Hospital No. 4(1, August 1 to September 1, 1918. 
Transferred to Hospital Center, Langres, September '2, 1918. 

DORWIN . L. PALMER, Captain. M. C, born at Carlisle, 
Warren County, Ohio, October 5, 1889. Original Staff, 
recommended, July, 1917. Residence. Portland, Oregon. 
Graduated from University Oregon, Medical Department. 
1915. Commissioned First Lieutenant, June 5. 1917. First 
assignment, August 1, 1917, Fort Riley, Kansas; August '28. 
Camp Lewis, Wash.; School of Military Roentgenology, New 
York, Cornell L^niversity ^Medical School, December 6; April 
8, 1918, Hoboken. N. J., awaiting Base Hospital No. l6 ; 
Ajjril 12, to Camp Merritt, N. J., Camp Surgeon's Office; 
June 5. to Base Hospital No. Ki. Detached December 19. 
1918, for duty at Bordeaux. Commissioned Captain, May 
2, 1919. 

HARRY C. BLAIR, First Lieutenant, M. C. born April L 1891, at 
Elma, Wash. Original Staff', recommended July, 1917. Resi- 
dence, Tacoma, Wash. Graduated from L^niversity Oregon 
Medical Department, 1915. Connnissioned First Lieutenant. 
.July 1.'^, 1917. First assignment. September 5. 1917, Vancou- 



With Bask Hospital Fohtv-Six 21 

vcr Barracks, Wash.; November 18. 1918, (ainj) Lewis, 
Wash.; April 6, 1918, Base Hospital No. K). Dejjarted De- 
cember -29, 1918. for Casual Officers' Camp, Angers, for 
return to United States. 

ARTHUR Ct. KELl>KY. First Lieutenant. M. ('.. l)()ni January ^JO. 
1888, in Arkansas County, Arkansas. Residence, New York 
City. Ciraduated from University Tennessee Medical School. 
191.;. Commissioned First Lieutenant, August 29, 1917. First 
assignment, September 18, 1917, Camp Gordon, Atlanta, Ga.; 
May 1, 1918, Rockefeller Institute, New York; Assigned Base 
Hospital Xo. 15, June 7, 1918, Camp Merritt. X. J. Trans- 
ferred to Evacuation Hospital No. 21. January ."1, 1919. 

ARTHUR. C. McCOWN, Captain. M. C. born August 2. 
1886, at Ireland, Indiana. Original Staff, reconunended July, 
1917- Residence, Cove, Oregon. Graduated from University 
Oregon. Medical Dejiartment, 1912. Counnissioned First 
Lieutenant. August 1. 1917. First assignment, October t, 
1917. Cam]) Lewis, Wash.; April (i, 1918, Base Hospital No. 
l(i. Promoted to grade of Captain, Februarv 27. 1919. Ae- 
ee})ted commission, February 28, 1919. 

THOMPSON COBERTH. First Lieutenant, M. C., born February 
2.S. 1888. at Portland, Oregon. Original Staff, recommended 
November. 1917- Residence. The Dalles, Oregon, (iraduated 
from University Oregon, Medical Dejjartment. 1911. Com- 
missioned First Lieutenant. December 2, 1917. I'irst assign- 
ment. ( am)) Lewis. \\'ash.. April !■. 1918. 

J.VCOB PEARL. I'irst Lieutenant. M. ('.. born August 1."). 1889. at 
Philadelphia. Pa. Residence, ^^'issahiek()n. Pa. (iraduated 
from University Peinisylvania, Medical Dei)artment. 1912. 
Commissioned I'irst Lieutenant, March 19. 1918. First 
assignment. April 29. 1918. Camp Meade. Md. ; ./.v.v/'i; /;<'<■/ 
Base Hospital Xo. Ki. .lune 6. 1918, to Hoboken and Camp 
Merritt. Transferred to Base Hospital No. 8. Savenav, for 
dutv. November 8. 1918. 



\\ iTH Bask Hosimtai. I'ohty-Six 23 



NURSES 
Base Hospital 46 



Ariiott. Klsif. St. \'iiic-(iit s Hospital Diihlin. Irtlaiul 

Ariiott, Ruth, St. ^'ilu•('Ilt'.s Hospital Diihiiii. Ireland 

Brouillard, Jennie. St. Vinctnt's Hospital N'iola. Idaho 

Brunner, Susanna, (i.. St. \'inc'eHt's Hospital Rupert. Idaho 

Colahan, Margaret I,.. St. \'incent's Hospital .Merrill, Oregon 

Cronen, ^larv K.. St. N'ineeiit's Hospital Portl.aiid. Oregon 

Dempsey. Anne Margaret. St. \'incent's Hosjntal Portland. Oregon 

Donaldson. Eleanor. St. X'incent's Hospital Portland. Oregon 

Karhart. June K.. St. \'iiieent's Hospital Medford. Oregon 

Hay. Margaret V.. St. N'ineent's Hospital Garniouth. Scotland 

Heim, Elizabeth. St. \'ineent's Hospital Portland. Oregon 

Hollenbeck, Elsie. St. ^"incent's Hospital ...Battle Cxround. \A'ashington 

Holm, Claudena. St. \'ineent's Hospital Portland. Oregon 

Holt. Bertha. St. \'ineenfs Hospital A\'het\vorth. England 

Hubbard, Sadie. St. \'ineent's Hospital Dundee. Oregon 

Jensen. Mary X.. St. \'ineent's Hos])ital Junction City. Oregon 

Kurath. Philoniena, .St. \'inci'nt's Hospital Portland. Oregon 

.Mayse. Rita E.. St. \'incent's Hospital Ontario. Oregon 

Morrissey. Mary T.. St. Vincent's Hosjiital Cornelius. Oregon 

McTagert. Erances. St. \'incent's Hospital .Mayer. .Minnesota 

Risch. Erances O.. St. N'inciiits Hospital Duf'ur. Oregon 

Rudolph. Bertha. St. \'incent's Hos|)ital Salem. Oregon 

Shields. Ruth R.. St. \'ineent's Hospital Portland. Oregon 

Tweed. Emma, St. \'incent's Hos))ital i'ortland. Oregon 

Tynan, Margaret A., St \^incent"s Hos))ital i'ortlatid. Oregon 

Belt. .Marjorie. (iood Samaritan Hospital .._ Willaiiiiiia. Oregon 

Bristol. I.. Fern, (iood Samaritan Hospital .Portland. Oregon 

Browne. F. Estelle. (iood .Samaritan Hospital ..Portland. Ort gon 

Campbell. Bessie R.. (iood .Samaritan Hos))ital Eanmett. Idaho 

F'aton. E.sther yi.. (iood .Samaritan Hospital Yacolt. ^^'ashingt()n 

Ewing. F'leanor ('.. (iood Samaritan Hospital Portland. Oregon 

I'leming. Flora F.. (iood Samaritan Hospital Twin I'.ills. Idaho 

Freeman. Mary E.. (iood Samaritan Hospital FLugene. Oregon 

(irady, Mabelle F'Jleir. (iood Samaritan Hos))ital .La (iraiule. Oregon 
Hogadone, Minerva M.. (iood Samaritan Hospital. ..Okonogan. Wash. 

Euthy. Bertha, (iood .Samaritan Hos))ital Salem. Oregon 

Mullin. Ethel. Good .S.amaritan Hospital Portland. Oregon 

MacEiWan. Marjorie, (iood .Samaritan Hosjjital Tacoma. Wash. 



24 Ox Active Service 

MacDonald. Donalda, Good Samaritan Hospital Nvssa. Oregon 

McAllister, Margaret J., Good Samaritan Hosjiital... Yamhill, Oregon 

MeClintock. Feme, Good Samaritan Hospital Dufur, Oregon 

McFadden, Julia, Good Samaritan Hosjjital Corvallis, Oregon 

McGuire, Hazel, Good Samaritan Hos])ital Hammond. Oregon 

^IcKinley, Harriet. Good Samaritan Hospital Vancouver, Wash. 

Oleson, Lillian M., Good Samaritan Hospital Hillsdale, Oregon 

Oleson. Olive, Good Samaritan Hospital Hillsdale, Oregon 

Scovell, Ora Frances, Good Samaritan Hos})ital Xehalem, Oregon 

Slagel, Annie Laurie, Good Samaritan Hospital Shaw, Oregon 

Smith, Edith M.. Good Samaritan Hospital., Portland, Oregon 

Steward, Icy Anne, Good Samaritan Hospital Sheridan, Oregon 

Summers, Louise, Oregon, Good Samaritan Hospital. Prineville, Oregon 
Tagg, Emily Marguerite, Good Samaritan Hospital. ..Warrenton, Ore. 

Hannum. Martha. .Multnomah County Hos))ital Raymond, Wash. 

Humphrey, Martha. Multnomah County Hospital, Morning Sun, Iowa 

Krebs, Helen 1).. Multnomah County Hospital Portland, Oregon 

Anundson, Nellie, Sellwood General Hospital ..Silverton, Oregon 

Berg, Anna C Sellwood General Hospital .Seattle, Washington 

Betsworth, Gertrude A., The Dalles Hospital... Criterion, Oregon 

Bunnell. L. \'esta. The Dalles Hospital .^^■^ncouver, Washington 

Douthit, Winifred I>., The Dalles Hospital The Dalles, Oregon 

Falmer, Ida K., The Dalles Hospital The Dalles, Oregon 

Galbraith, E. Zetta, The Dalles Hospital Boyd, Oregon 

Kern, Emma B., The Dalles Hospital Ridgefield, Washington 

Stone, Leila O., The Dalles Hospital The Dalles, Oregon 

Willis, Eva E., The Dalles Hospital ...Seattle. Washington 

Leverman, Kathryn, St. Elizabeth's Hosp., Baker, Ore Portland, Ore. 

Blodget, Marie, Salem. Hospital, Salem, Oregon.. Blodget, Oregon 

Williams, Rosa Claire, Salem Hospital, Salem, Ore Salem, Ore. 

Ricketts, Xina C, Mercy Hospital, Eugene, Ore Sweet, Idaho 

Boyle, Rose M., Providence Hos]Mtal. Astoria, Ore... Fernhill, Ore. 

Marks, Nellie C. St. Mary's Hospital, Astoria, Ore.. .Ilwaco. Wash. 

Ebv, Mary E., Minor Private Hos})., Seattle, Wash Detroit, Mich. 

Oliver, Lemo, Seattle Gen. Hosp., Seattle, Wash Seattle, Wash. 

Roberts, Nellie, Spokane Gen. Hosp., Spokane, Wash Forrest, Wash. 

Ross, Anna, Spokane Gen. Hosp.. Spokane, Wash McMinnville, Ore. 

Rover, Norene (Deceased), Sacred Heart Hosp., Spokane. Wash 

- - Spokane, Wash. 

Budd, Helen U., Pacific Hosp., Los Angeles, Cal Portland, Ore. 

Campbell, Miriam, Children's Hospital, San Francisco, Cal 

- - McMinnville. Ore. 



With 13 ask Hospital Fohtv-Six 25 

Hulbert, Florence M.. Frtiicli Hospital, San I'rancisco, C'al 

San Diego, Cnl. 

Sc'hncidtr. Anne M.. Prox idt lu-c Hos)).. Oakland, ("al I'ortland. Ore. 

Brchant. Marion. Winnipeg (ien. Hosp.. \A'innipeg. Can.. Portland. Ore. 

Kenny, .'. Amelia, Sarina General Hospital, Sarina. Ontario . 

AN'allaeehnrg, Ontario 

Mel-'adden. Jean \'.. Naiiainio Hospital. Nanainio. P. ('.. Canada.... 
Duncan. B. C. 

Fettro. Ftlul H.. Flkhart (Jen. Hosp.. Flkhart. Ind I.eeshurg. Ind. 

Longwell. Pearl \'.. John Stuart Ryburn Hospital, Ottawa, 111 

Care H. F. Wvlie, \\'allowa. Oregon 

Franklin. Winifred .Mary. St. Jose])h's Mercy Hospital. Clinton. 
Iowa - Sterling, Illinois 

Scott, Mande L.. Iowa State University Training School. Iowa City, 
Iowa Marshall. Iowa 

Walsh. Stasia P.. Mercy Hos])., Marshalltown. Iowa. Thoniastown, Ire. 

Hill. Fvelvn. Bishop Clarkson Hospital. Omaha. Xel) Portland. Ore. 

Keiser, Mvrtle Sourwine. City and Count.'* Hospital. Denver. Colo. 
Portland. Oregon 

Phel])s. Grace. Chief" Xurse, Cincinnati City Hospital, Cincinnati. 
Ohio Fugene, Oregon 

Morse, Georgia B.. Lakeside Hosp.. Cle\-elaiid. Ohio Portland. Oregon 

Randall. Martha. Cincinnati City Hos])ital. Cincinnati. Ohio 

Portland, Oregon 

Squires. Bertha ('.. Jefferson Park Hospital, Chicago. Illinois. 

Kelso, \\'ash. 

Stenholm, Alice F.. Trinity Hosi)ital. Milwaukee. Wisconsin 

Se;itfle. Wash. 

Kingman. Katherine. Xewton Hosp.. Newton. .Mass. Brockton. Mass. 

O'Brien. Agnes I... I'nion Hospital. Lynn. Mass Portland. Ore. 

Domser. Julia Ha\fr. Hospital of (iood Shepherd, Syracuse, New 
York - Syracuse, New York 

Shultis, Velma Fllen. New York Hospital. New York City. N. Y. 
Brant ford. Ontario. Canada 

Mavherv. ^^'inifre<l. Salisl)ur\- Tnfirmar.'^ . London. FTigland....Fngland 



26 



On Active Service 



CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES 

Davis, Jtiniii- L., Sttnographer — 

Beal's School of Sl-.ortliand. I^ortlaiul. Maine 

Jallaiid, VUln L.. Laboratory Technician, Rccd College, Portland. Ore. 
Gulling, iM. Ethel, Stenographer -- 

...La Grande H. S. Business College, La Grande, Oregon 

Holloway, A., Laboratory Technician........ ..- 

.._ Two Years' Training in Hos))ital. Portland, Oregon 

McKeown, LaVina C., Stenographer .Kansas City Business College 

Palmer, Gertrude, Dietitian Santa l^'irtiara State Normal College 




^A'lTii H ASK HospiTAr. 1''()I{T^■-SI\• 27 

IJOSTKH OV OHKilXAI. joo DETACHMENT, CAMP LEWIS, 

WASHIXCri'OX. MAY 31. j 918. 

(M'itli Present Hank. I-'ebruary !.'). 1<)U)) 

ATidrt-ws, Lcrny B Pvt. Crouge, Wiley I. Pvt. I c] 

Arinfield, Alfred 8 Cpl. (ireene, Jesse H. Pvt. Id 

Ashley, Willis S Pvt. Icl. Greenwood, Eeo R Pvt. lei 

lialdwin, Decatur Pvt. lei Ciiyer, John C Pvt. lei 

Haldwin, Lyle A Pvt. HaVgrave, Karl I). L'Pvt! lei 

Bashor, Palmer K , Sgt. Harlow, Clifton! U Pvt. lei 

Bauer, Charles \V Pvt. lei Harris, (1arene<- II Sgt. 

Bickford, John W Pvt. lei Hartman, Walter II . Pvt. lol 

Blaekburn, .Vri.old M Pvt. lei Hastings, Henrv W Pvt Icl 

Blaekinann, Ce)rgv H Pvt. Heath, William' \'... . Pvt 

Bloch, Adolph I Sgt. Icl Hendricks, I.ouis E Pvt. Icl 

Bowes, William .V Cpl. Higgason, ,(av R Ck 

Briggs, Roy K Pvt. Id Higginix.tham". Russell O. Ck 

Brlnker, Bert J Pvt. lei Hight, Konald H... Pvt 

Brinker, Roiiert O Pvt. Id Hilhers, Henrv B Pvt Icl 

Brink.'r, Wayne E Pvt. Id House, Arthur E. Sgt Id 

BroinI.erg, Hirsch H Pvt. Id Hudson, Harold B. Cpl 

Brown, Gordon S Sgt. H„j,.hes, Everett E". Sgt 

'^>"1''' -^l^'' I' P^t- 1<^1 Irvine, William M. H s' 

Bueche, Charh- F Pvt. Id ,;„hnson, Elmer L. Sgt 

Camphdl, Anthony J Pvt. Id ,„,jp,,^ ^,,,,.j ^y p^^^ ^^^j 

Onnphdl, Edwin J Pvt. Je! ,^^.,.,,i ^arry K IlZIPvt: Icl 

■nnphell .Merle G Sgt. Id ,^^.„^,^,„^ ^. ^^ p^.^ j^.j 

Capps \ll,ert M. '^r^l'h Kendall, Kvle W Sgt. 

Caniathau Roj- E Pvt. cl ^ ,,.^,j^,,, ^; p^.^^j 

Childs, John O^ I V . ^ ^ 

Cancy, John A... 1.1 ^^. ^^^^J^^^ ^ p^.^ J^ 

Clemenson, John A. Pvt. Id , ■ , ■■ . ., ,,r r>^ , i 

r^ te J n ij c Knulort, Arthur W Pvt. Id 

Coffey, Jay R H. S. ,. i^ . a- r. ^ i ■ 

^ ,,. • ' ,,: . T r,.] Knaiij), Earl \ Pvt. Id 

Colhns, ^ nicent J Cpl. ,- I r^, iir t^ j. , . 

,, ,,• ri Tj vU Kortge. Oscar W Pvt. Id 

( u( lii)i), John H 1 VI. r 1 1 TT I ^ . 

,. . ; ' f., . T3,.i. i,.i l.add, Henry .\ Sgt. 

Davidson, Chester Pvt. Icl " T^ i ta n ^ , i 

Davies, Linton I Pvt. -"«>'-';^;^. I^^vton D Pvt. c 

Davis, Charles E Pvt. Id Larson, Charles (, Pvt^lcl 

Divine, Earl 1 Pvt. Id 'f'^'^' «onalfl E Cp . 

Doering, Authonv V Pvt. Id '"^ ^^ ^1"^/^ - -Cpl- 

Doukas, Stavros" D Pvt. Id -ckwood, George Pvt. Id 

Dowler, Claude .M Sgt. Lo<l<wood, Guy Pvt. Id 

Durvea, Chester B Sgt. Id ';">'-*;' I'""';^ '^ ;; Ck 

Edniunds, .Milton R ..Pvt. -M^ekey, Norman G Pvt Icl 

Fddman, Gus I Sgt. ^ ad.son, Gary _ Pvt. Id 

Fenton, William D Sgt. Ma. d,x, Leutdles C Pvt. Id 

Flick, William E Pvt. Icl Madsen, Hans F Pvt. Id 

Fodler, Frank X Pvt. Id -M^-Carty, Claud Sgt. Id 

Forbes, Rui)ert W Pvt. Id MeCldlau, .\ugustus C Pvt. Id 

Ford, Georae W Pvt. Md'lure, Clarence .M Pvt. Id 

l-.)x,'l.e Roy S Pvt. 1el -McEwen, Daniel F Pvt Id 

Francis, Doii J Pvt. Id Mclntyre, George W... Pvt. Id 

Franklin, Claude G Pvt. !<•[ Meredith, John D _Pvt. Id 

I'ranklin, Fred M Pvt. Id Mickdson, l*'re(lerick R Pvt. id 

Frihley, William E Sgt. -Miekdson, Paul W Pvt. Id 

Fritseii, Frederick A Pvt. Icl Milan, John T Pvt. id 

Gagnon, Emil J Pvt. Tel .Miller, Andrew G Pvt. Id 

Giesy, Chester A Pvt. Icl Miller, Clare A Pvt. Id 

Goldsmith, Herbert Sgt. Miller, George W Pvt. Icl 



30 



On Active Service 



Mitchell, Roy E , Pvt. Id 

Moffitt, Verden M Pvt. 

Morene, Edwin Pvt. Icl 

Morgan, Helnier L Pvt. Icl 

Morgan, Orvin W Pvt. Icl 

Morgan, Wallie J.. Pvt. 

Morris, Syl O Pvt. Icl 

Morrison, Carol V\\.. Icl 

Mulligan, Lawrence F Pvt. Icl 

Munson, Martin D Pvt. Icl 

Mnrphv, Leo B. Sgt. 

Nelson', Axel C Pvt. Icl 

Xelson, Henrv Pvt. 

Nd^on, Ivan E Pvt. Icl 

Nelson, Oggie T Vyt. Icl 

N»\\man, Meier Sgt. 

Nichols, Clav E Pvt. Icl 

Nichols, John H Pvt. Icl 

()i» rg. Georg" \V Pvt. Icl 

Oherdorfer, Harold N Pvt. Id 

(»)son, Irvin W Pvt. Id 

Orr, Victor M. W Pvt. Id 

Oshoine, Charles B. Cpl 

Owen, Wiir.an' T Sgt. Id 

Paeth. William J Pvt. id 

lei!, r, Alva K Pvt. UI 

Pelletier, Louie A Pvt. Icl 

Perkins, William H M. H. S. 

Phillips, Svdney T Sgt. 

Price, Stuart H Pvt. Icl 

Hedington, John W Pvt. Id 

Reed, Harrison B Pvt. Id 

Rdd, John R Pvt. Icl 

Richardson, Paul S Cpl. 

Riddle, Matthew C Sgt. 

Rignev, Edwin W Pvt. Icl 

Riordan, Frank J Pvt. Icl 

Robertson, John W Pvt. Id 

Robson, Joseph Pvt. Icl 

Rosenthal, Bert J Sgt. Icl 

Sackrider, Earl H Sgt. 

Samuel, John Sgt. 

Schneider, CliflFord J Sgt. Id 

Scott, Joseph P Pvt. Icl 

Seemann, John i\ Sgt. Id 

Shagren, Alvin C Sgt. Icl 



Slica, Thomas J Pvt. Id 

Shupe, Virgil H H. S. 

Smith, Harold E Pvt. Icl 

Sosey, Paul E Pvt. Id 

Stainulis, William Pvt. Icl 

Stant(m, Russell I Ck. 

Stelsel, Garret Sgt. 

Steinmetz, Carl Pvt. Icl 

Steudler, Henrv Pvt. Icl 

Stinson, Richard B Pvt. Id 

Stout, Ernest D Cpl. 

Switzer, Chester L Sgt. 

Talhert, Ralph V Pvt. Id 

Templeton, Hill W Pvt. Id 

Thomas, Clifford J Cpl. 

Thom]ison, AVilliam R Pvt. Icl 

Thomas, Edric T Pvt. 

Tompkins, Earl W Sgt. 

Tiller, Willis T Pvt. Icl 

Troglia, Jim Ck. 

Cndcrhill, Harold W Pvt. 

Walrath, Arthur M Pvt. Id 

Walsted, Arthur J Pvt. 

Warner, George E Sgt. Id 

Watkins, Rav C Sgt. Icl 

Wdi. Jacob ' Pvt. Id 

Werner, Richard J 2x\A Lt. S. C. 

West, Foster V Pvt. 

Westering, Myrton L Pvt. Id 

Wdshons, Kenneth M Pvt. Id 

White, Fred M Pvt. Icl 

Whitehouse, Bion S Pvt. Icl 

Will)er, John M Pvt. Id 

WilMams, James W Pvt. Id 

Wilson, Homer C Pvt. 

Wilson, Joseph C Pvt. Id 

Wing, Charles I Sgt. 

Wirrick, John Pvt. Icl 

Wirt, Lee A Pvt. Id 

Withers, Charlie G Pvt. Id 

Wittner, Earl L Pvt. Id 

Wolfe, Guy E Pvt. Icl 

Wonner, Carl Sgt. 

Wood, I ,oyd Pvt. Icl 



^^ iTii 1^ ASK MosiMi' Ai, l'"()i{T\ -Six ."^l 

MAII.INCi ADDRESS FOR ALL MK.MBKRS 
KX LISTED PERSONNEL 

Andrew. Leroy B.. Priv.-itt- T'i!! .^L)ll.■^\\k St.. I'ortl;ind, Ore. 

Armfield, Alfred S.. C'orpor.-il Waldorf IIot.L Seattle. Wasli. 

Ashley, Willis S.. Pvt. 1st Class. ...109,) Westover Road. Portland, Ore. 

Baldwin, Lyle A., Private D.'J;) Hawthorne Ave., Portland, Ore. 

Biekford, John W., Pvt. 1st Class R. F. 1). No. 1, Boring, Ore. 

Blaekhurn, Arnold M., Pvt. 1st Class. i:iH6 E. Tavlor St.. Portland. Or. 

Blackmann, George H., Private Milwaukic Ore. 

Bloch, Adol))h L., Sergeant First Class 

Care of Jesse L. Bloeh. .St. Vincent's Hosi)ital, Portland. Ore. 

Bowes, William A.. Cor])()ral .5 1 I Leo Ave.. Portland, Ore. 

Briggs. Roy E., Pvt. 1st Class ...1011 E. 28th St. North. Portland. Ore. 

Brinker. Bert J., Pvt. 1st Class Freewater. Ore. 

lirinker. Robert ().. Pvt. 1st Class ...Freewater, Ore. 

lirinker. \\'ayne E.. Pvt. 1st Class Freewater. Ore. 

Bromherg. Hirseh H.. Pvt. 1st Class 6.S9 E. lOth St.. Portland. Ore. 

Biidd, Alva D., Pvt. 1st Class Newherg, Ore. 

Bueehe, Charles F.. Pvt. 1st Class 198 Stella St.. Elgin. 111. 

Campbell. Anthony J.. Pvt. 1st Class. ...291 N. 18th St., Portland, Ore. 
Campbell. Edwin ./. Pvt. 1st Class 

. Care of R. M. Campbell. North Philadel])hia. Pa. 

Campbell, .Merle G., Sgt. 1st Class L)2 Vista Ave., Portland.Ore. 

Capps, Albert M., Cor))oral General Delivery. Portland. Ore. 

Carnathan. Roy E.. Pvt. 1st Class .ISO E. .")()th St. N.. Portland. Ore. 

Collins. Vineent ,L. Cori)ora] 133 E. .S9tii St. N.. Portland. Ore. 

Cudlipp. John IL. Private 6S5 Stanton St.. Portland. Ore. 

Davidson, Chester. Pvt. 1st Class (i.Sl;; Yile Ave., Chicago, 111. 

Davis, Charles E.. Pvt. 1st Class Grass Valley, Ore. 

Divine, Earl L.. Pvt. 1st Class R. F. D. No. 1. Vancouver. Wash. 

Doering, Anthony F.. Pvt. 1st Class 178 Bryant St., Portland, Ore. 

Doukas, Stavros D., Pvt. 1st Class .Box .S88, Gladstone, Ore. 

Duryea, Chester B., Sgt. 1st Class South Bend, Wash. 

Feldman, Gus L., Sergeant o8 Ella St.. Portland. Ore. 

Fenton. William D.. Sergeant II OE. l6th St.. Portland. Ore. 

Flick, William E.. Pvt. 1st Class Aurora. Ore. 

Foeller, Frank X., Pvt. 1st Class .J.'M- Johnson St.. Portland. Ore. 

Forbes. Rupert W.. Pvt. 1st Class 

,> !■ Waterbury Ave., Richmond Hill, N. Y. 

Ford. George W.. Private ......S()2 E. .S2nd St.. Los Angeles, Cal. 

Fox. Le Rov S.. Pvt. 1st Class it 8 Franklin Ave.. Bend. Ore. 



32 Ox Active Skrvice 

Francis, Don J.. Pvt. Ist Class.. Route No. 1. ISox .V2. Mulino. Ore. 

I*"raiiklin. C'laudt- (i.. Pvt. 1st Class Linville Falls, North Carolina 

Franklin, F. M., Pvt. 1st Class... ...Box 77, Motor Rt. A, Portland, Ore. 

Friblev, William H., Sergeant. Big Rapids, Mich. 

Fritsch. Frederick A., Pvt. 1st Class 630 Second St.. Portland, Ore. 

Gagnon, Emil J.. Pvt. 1st Class Box 8 1. North Portland, Ore. 

Giesy, Chester A.. Pvt. 1st Class. ...91 8 Minnesota Ave., Portland, Ore. 

Goldsmith, Herbert, Sergeant 666 Handers St., Portland, Ore. 

Gouge, Wiley L.. Pvt. 1st Class.. ..R. F. D. 1, Box 56, Bakersville, N. C. 

Greene. Jesse H.. Pvt. 1st Class. Grouse, Wash. 

Greenwood, Leo R., Pvt. 1st Class Bakersfield, Cal. 

Guyer, John C Pvt. 1st Class 1770 Division St.. Portland, Ore. 

Hargrove, Earl D.. Pvt. 1st Class. ...•)08 E. Everett St.. Portland, Ore. 

Harlow, Clifford R., Pvt. Isi Class.. ID^ Simpson St., Portland, Ore. 

Harris, Clarence H., Sergeant lO.S.S Princess Ave, Victoria, B. C. 

Hartman, Walter H., Pvt. 1st Class Bandon, Ore. 

Hastings, Henry W.. Pvt. 1st Class. ...13 10 E. 32nd St.. Portland. Ore. 

Heath, William V., Pvt. 1st Class 512 A St. West, Moscow, Idaho 

Hendricks. Louis E. Pvt. 1st Class... .76 W. Port. Blvd. Portland. Ore. 

Higgason, Jay R., Cook The Campbell Hill Hotel, Portland, Ore. 

Higginbotham, Russell O., Cook 221 Dujiont St.. Portland, Ore. 

Hight. Ronald G., Private 383 E. Washington St., Portland, Ore. 

Hilbers, Henry B.. Pvt. 1st Class .^eGJohnson St., Portland, Ore. 

Hudson. Harold B., Corj)oral 6\2 Sprague Ave., Spokane, Wash. 

Hughes, P'vverett E., Sergeant 170 Vista Ave., Portland, Ore. 

Johnson, Elmer L., Sergeant... Milton, Ore. 

.Fulien. Carl W.. Pvt. 1st Class 689 E. Broadway. Portland, Ore. 

Kackley, Harry K.. Pvt. 1st Class 383 Ross St., Portland, Ore. 

Kendall, George W.. Pvt. 1st Class... 2()(),) E. First St., Long Beach, Cal. 

Kendall, Kyle ^^ .. Sergeant.. Route No. 2, Freewater, Ore. 

Kimzey, Ralph S. Sergeant.. 5;)23 Wallingford Ave. Seattle, Wash. 

King, Edward L., Pvt. 1st Class Box 321, Susanville, Cal. 

Kortge, Oscar W.. Pvt. 1st Class ..West Salem, 111. 

Ladd, Henry A.. Sergeant Box 1190, Portland. Ore. 

Lamoreaux. Dayton. D.. Pvt. 1st Class.. 

-833 Mississippi Ave., Portland, Ore. 

Larson, Charles G.. Pvt. l.st Class....;) 19 W. Porphyry St., Butte, Mont. 

Lewis, Ronald E.. Corporal Ill C. .St.. McMinnville, Ore. 

Lockwood, George. Pvt. 1st Class ...Box 703, Raymond, Wash. 

Lockwood, Guy. Pvt. 1st Class ...Box 703 Raymond. Wash. 

Mackey, Norman G.. Pvt. 1st Class.. .Mnreola. Ore. 

Mackson. Garv. Pvt. 1st Class 1202 W. Larch St.. Ravmond, Wash. 



W iTii Bask Hositial Fuktv-Six .'^.S 

IMaddix. Leutelles C. Pvt. 1st Class. ..2LS 17th St.. Orcfron Cit.v. Ort-. 
Madsen, H. F., Pvt. 1st Class. 1 l65 Wind.sor St.. Salt Lakt- City. Utah 

McClure, ClartiUf M.. i'vt. 1st Class .S88 Wash. St.. l^)rtlan(^. Ore 

xMcEwen, Daniel F., Pvt. 1st Class 808 Lovcjoy St.. Portland. Ore. 

Mclntyre, George W.. Pvt. 1st Class Box T) 1, Anibov, Wash. 

Meredith. .John 1).. Pvt. 1st Class....7.S"> Hiilshoro .V\c.. Portland. Ore. 

Mickelson, Frederiek R.. Pvt. 1st Class Camas. \\'ash. 

MickeLson, Paul A\'.. Pvt. 1st Class (\anias. Wash. 

Milan, John T., Pvt. ist Class Route 1. Box 1()(). Boring. Ore. 

.Miller. Andrew (;.. Pvt. 1st Class. 77") East Yanihill St.. Portland. Ore. 

Miller, Clare A.. Pvt. 1st Class .S98 K. ,-)(lt!i St. N.. Portland. Ore. 

Miller. George W.. Pvt. 1st Class. ...)7'5 K. Salmon St.. Portl.uid. Ore. 

.Mitchell. Roy K.. Pvt. 1st Class r,el)anon. ()r<-. 

Morene. Edwin. Pvt. 1st Class ...879 Colonial Ave.. Portland. Ore. 

Morgan. Helmer I... Pvt. 1st Class College Plaee. Wash. 

Morgan. Orvin W.. Pvt. Ist Class College Plaee. Wash. 

Morris. Syl ().. Pvt. 1st Class Battle Ground. Wash. 

Morrison. Carol. Pvt. 1st Class 26r> E. 8 Ith St. N., Portland, Ore. 

.Mulligan. I,;iwrenee 1'.. P\t. 1st Class 

nil Center St.. Oregon City. Ore. 

.Munson. .Martin I).. Pvt. 1st Class 265 Webster St.. Portland. Ore. 

.Mur])hy. l.vo B.. Serg( ant Oreana. Idaho 

Nelson. Axel C .. Pvt. 1st Class Route 2. Box (il. \\()odl)urn. Ore. 

Nelson. Ivan E.. Pvt. Ist Class Route 2. Box () 1. Woodhurn. Ore. 

Xelson, Oggie I.. Pvt. Ist Class 97 E. ()Ist St.. Portland. On. 

Newman. Meier. Sergeant .- C()r\allis. Ore. 

Niehols. Clay E.. Pvt. 1st Class Lehanou. Ore. 

Niehols. ,Iohn II.. Pvt. Ist Class ..Lebanon. Ore. 

Oberg. George W.. Pvt. 1st Class 

Care Champion Aeademy. Eo\tland. Colo. 

Olson. Irvin ^^'.. Pvt. 1st Cl.ass iOOJ o Cla\ St.. Portland. Ore. 

Osborne, Charles B.. C()r|)()ral .VK) E. .^Oth St. N.. Portland. Ore. 

Owen, William T.. Sgt. 1st (lass 

Route .'!. Willamette Moorage. .Milwaukie. Ore. 

Paeth. William ./.. Pvt. 1st Class Naperville. 111. 

Peiler. Alva K.. Pvt. 1st Class 120 Dakota St.. Butte. .Mont. 

Pelletier, Louie A.. Pvt. 1st Class Arlee. Mont. 

Phillips. Sydney T.. Sergeant Madoe. Mont. 

Priee. Stuart H.. Pvt. 1st Class 1 t26 E. Kith St., Los Angeles, Cal. 

Redington. .lohn \\.. P\t. 1st Class 19 t Clay St.. Portland. Ore. 

Reed, Harrison B.. Pvt. 1st Class. ...()7.S() ,')9th Ave. SE.. Portlaiul. Ore. 
Richardson. Paul S.. Corporal Medicine Lodge, Kansas 



34 On Active Service 

Riddle, Matthew C\, Sergeant 808 Orchard Ave., Grants Pass, Ore. 

Rigney, Edwin W., Pvt. 1st Class Drawer C, Napa, Cal. 

Riordan, Frank J., Pvt. 1st Class Willard Hotel, Portland, Ore. 

Robson, Joseph, Pvt. 1st Class..... ()88 Sherrett Ave., Portland, Ore. 

Rosenthal^ Bert J., Sgt. 1st Class.... la(i ^^'alsworth Ave., Oakland, Cal. 

Sackrider, Earl H., Sgt. 1st Class I66E. Broadway, Portland, Ore. 

Samuel, John, Sergeant 6 10 Pine St., Trinidad, Colo. 

Schneider, Cliff'ord G., Sgt. 1st Class.., 590 E. Salmon St., Portland, Ore. 

Scott, Joseph P., Pvt. 1st Class Chastains, Inc., Lewiston, Idaho 

Seemann, John A., Sgt. 1st Class Hil!) Sujjerior St., Racine, Wis. 

Shagren, Alvin C, Sgt. 1st Class Nahcotta, Wash. 

Shea, Thomas J., Pvt. 1st Class 582 E. 18th St. N., Portland, Ore. 

Shiipe, Virgil H., Hospital Sergeant 

Warren-Shupe Furniture Co., Corvallis, Ore. 

Smith, Harold E., Pvt. 1st Class Raymond, Wash. 

Sosey, Paul E., Pvt. 1st Class Hood River, Ore. 

Stamulis, William, Pvt. 1st Class 1058 Division St., Chehalis, Wash. 

Stclsel, Garret, Sergeant llli Williams Ave., Portland, Ore. 

Steinmetz, Carl, Pvt. 1st Class S29 Earrabee St.. Portland, Ore. 

Steudler, Henry, Pvt. 1st Class Box 92, Hillsdale, Ore. 

Stinson, Richard B., Pvt. 1st Class 

301 Title eSj Trust Bhlg., Portland, Ore. 

Switzer, Chester L., Sgt. Care N. P. H. H. Co.. Raymond, Wash. 

Talbcrt, Ralph V., Pvt. 1st Class..... Bickleton, Wash. 

Templeton, Hill W., Pvt. 1st Class Forest Grove, Ore. 

Thomas, Clifford J., Corporal Hotel Mallory, Portland, Ore. 

Thompson, William R., Pvt. 1st Class 

1111 Umpqua Ave., Roseburg, Ore. 

Tiller, Willis T., Pvt. 1st Class Ritzville, W^ash. 

Troglia, Jim, Cook Box 76. Uacherville, Mont. 

Underbill, Harold W., Private Castle Rock, Wash. 

Walrath, Arthur M., Pvt. 1st Class Lebanon, 111. 

Watkins, Ray C, Sgt. 1st Class... Room 20i, City Hall, Portland, Ore. 

Weil, Jacob, Pvt. 1st Class Hillsboro, Ore. 

Weil, Morris D., Pvt. 1st Class .....Hillsboro, Ore. 

Werner, Richard J., 2nd Lieutenant, S. C Esparto, Cal. 

Whitehou.se, Bion S., Pvt. 1st Class. ..R. F. D. No. 2, La Center, Wash. 

Wilber, John M., Pvt. 1st Class... Long Beach, Cal. 

Williams, James W., Pvt. 1st Class 242 E. 44th St., Portland, Ore. 

Wilson, Joseph C, Pvt. 1st Class.. ..638 N. Sixth St., Grants Pass, Ore. 

Wing, Charles L., Sergeant Raymond, Wasli. 

Wirrick, John, Pvt. 1st Class Box 54, Dee, Ore. 

Wirt, Lee A., Pvt. 1st Class 375 Locust St., Riverside, Cal. 



^^'ITH }i ASF, HoSPITAI, FoHTV-SiX .S.) 

Withers, Charlie G., I'vt. 1st Class Si)ok,inc. Wash. 

Wittner, Earl L., Pvt. 1st Class ...7537 i^th Ave Sc. Portland, Ore. 

Wonner, Carl, Sergeant 1 ;).>() E. Taylor St., Portland, Ore. 

Wood. I.oyd. Pvt. 1st Class , :SIill City, Ore. 

MAILIXC; LIST OK ENLISTED PERSONNKL ON 
DETACHED SERVICE 

H.ildwin. Dteatur. Pvt. 1st Class 265 E. Kith St.. Portland. Ore. 

Haslior. Elmer R., Sergeant .'588 ^Vashington St.. Portland, Ore. 

Bauer, Charles W., Pvt. 1st Class 999 Rodney Ave. Portland, Ore. 

Brown, Gordon S.. Sergeant Care Tlic Joiinuil, Portland, Ore. 

Childs, .John ().. Pvt. Jst Class White Salmon. Wash. 

Claney. John A.. Private 1.S30 Cleveland Ave.. Portland, Ore. 

Clemenson, John A., Pvt. 1st Class.. First and Morrison Sts. Portland 

CofFey, Jay R., Hospital Sergeant 365 Kith St., Portland, Ore. 

Davies, Linton L., Private.. .7^3 Greenwood Ave.. Portland, Ore. 

Dowler, Claude M., Sergeant 13()6 Terry Ave., Seattle, Wash. 

Edmunds, Milton R., Private McMiiniville, Ore. 

House, Arthur F.., Sgt. 1st Cla.ss Flood River. Ore. 

Irvine, William M., 2nd Lt. S. C i07 Capitol St., Salinas. Cal. 

Keeler. William X.. Pvt. 1st Class 779 Glisan St.. Portland. Ore. 

Kindorf. Arthur W.. Pvt. 1st Class .. 

109 Royal Court Apts., Portland. Ore. 

Knapp. Earl ^^. P\t. 1st Class Camas. Wash. 

Linter, Blue J., Cor))oral lofiO Villard Ave.. Portland, Ore. 

Luse, I>ouis .1.. Cook Campbell-Hill Hotel. Portland. Ore. 

MeCarty. Claud. Sgt. 1st Class 8i8 Second St.. Louisville. Ky. 

MeClellan. Augustus ('.. P\'t. 1st Class Los Angeles, Cal. 

Moffitt, Verdun M., Private 8()() North High St., Salem, Ore. 

Morgan, Wallie J., Private College Place, Washington 

Nelson. Henry. Private Woodburn, Ore., R. F. D. No. 2, Box 6 !• 

Oberdorfer. Harold M.. Pvt. Lst Class... 128 Vista Ave., Portland, Ore. 

Orr, Victor M. W.. Pvt. 1st Class Milton. Ore. 

Perkins. William IL. Master Hospital Sergeant 

Care Jennie Perkins, R. F. D. No. 2, Hillsboro, Ore. 

Reid. John R., Pvt. 1st Class 637 Grand Ave., South Pasadena, Cal. 

Thomas, Edric T., Private Gresham, Ore. 

Tompkins, Earl W., Sergeant.... 12 1.') E. Charleston St., Portland, Ore. 

Walsted, Arthur J., Private R. F. D., Los Angeles, Cal. 

Warner, George E., Sgt. 1st Class 915 Ninth St., Cheyenne, Wyo. 

West, Fo.ster F., Private 731 E. Taylor St., Portland, Ore. 



36 On Active Service 

Wf.sttriiig. Myrton I... Pvt. Ist Cl;i>,.s 

lilt Williams Ave., Portland, Ore. 

White. Fred M., Pvt. Ist Class care The Oregonian, Portland, Ore. 

Wilson, Homer C. Pri\ate La Grande, Ore. 

Wolfe. Guv E., Pvt. 1st Class General Ddiverv, Portland, Ore. 



With Fi \sk Hosimtm, Ioht^-Six 37 

ENLISTED PERSONNEL 
(?/BASE HOSPITAL 46 

by Departments 

AD.ILTANT'S OFFICE 

First I.t. !•". Sti'iner, Sanitary Corps, Adjutant 

Hosji. Sgt. .Ia\ U. Coffey Corporal Paul S. Hioliardsoii 

Hosp. Sgt. V.H. Sliiipe ' Pvt. 1st Class Robert Brinker 

Sgt. Herliert Goldsmitli Pvt. 1st Class Stavros I). Doiikas 

RKCilSTRAR'S OFFICE 

I'irst l,t. I''. Steiiier, S;initary Corjis, Registrar 
SICK .WD WOrXDED DEPT. STATISTICAL DRPT. 

Sgt. l.st Class Ray C. Watkins Seeoiul Lt. William M. Irvine, San. C. 

Sgt. Garrett Stelsel Sgt. John Samuel 

Pvt. l.st Class William X. Keeler Pvt. 1st Class Myrton I,. Westering 

Pvt. 1st Class George W. Kendall Pvt. 1st Class .Tames W. Williams 
Pvt. 1st Class Richard B. Stinson 
Pvt. 1st Class Fred M. White 

RECEIVIXCi WARD 

I-'irst I.t. Artlmr S. Roscnfeld, Receiving Officer 

Sgt. 1st Class Bert J. Rosenthal Pvt. 1st Class Fred M. Franklin 

Corporal Vincent J Collins Pvt. 1st Class I,eo B. Greenwood 

Pvt. 1st Class John .\ Clcmeiisoii Pvt. 1st Class Irvin W. Olson 



MEDICAL DEPART.MEXT 

l.ient. Col. Roi)crt C. 'S'enney. M. C, Chief of Service ,hily !) to Sej)!. ^0, 1918 

Major William S. Knox, .M. C., Chief of Service Oct. 1 to Dec. 29, 1918 

Major Otis B. Wight, Chief of .Service Dec. 29, 1918, to Jan. 19, 1919 

-Major John H. Johnson, M. ('. Cajitain Arthur C. McCown, M. C. 

Major Otto W. Koch, M. C. First Lt. Arthur S. Rosenfeld, M. C. 

Major John I. Rohison, M. C. First Lt. Jesse R. Patton, M. C. 

Major Laurence Selling, M. C, X'^eurologist 
First Lt. Jacob Pearl, M. C, .\ssistant Xeurologist 



LABORATORY SERVICE 

.Major Robert L. Benson, M. C, Chief 
I'irst Lt. .\rthur G. Kelley, M. ("., Assistant Ciiief 
Sgt. Ralph S. Kim/ey Pvt. 1st Class Daniel F. McEwen 



38 



On Active Service 



SURGICAL DEPARTMENT 

Major Thomas M. Joyce, M. C, Chief 
Major William H. Skene, M. C, Assistant Chief 



SURGEONS 
Major Otis B. Wi^ht, M. C. 
Major Richard B. Dillehunt, M. C. 
Capt. Donald Maeomber, M. C. 
Capt. Edwin W. Morse, M. C. 
Capt. Edward F. Ziegelman, M. C. 
First Lt. Harry C. Blair, M. C. 
First Lt. Thompson Coberth, M. C. 
First Et. John T. Daves, M. C. 
Capt. Garrett E. Hynson, M. C. 
Capt. Irving M. Eupton, M. C. 
First Et. Benjamin W. McKenzie, M.C. 



Cajit. Eoiiis A. Mangan, M. C. 
First Et. Hartley F. Mars, M. C. 
First Et. Karl P. Moran, M. C. 
First Et. Samuel A. Rhvne, M. C. 
First Et. Thomas B. Scott, M. C. 
Eye, Ear, Xose axd Throat 
Capt. Harrv M. Bouvy, M. C. 
Capt. Chas. 'e. West, m! C. 

X-Ray 
First Et. Dorwin E. Palmer, M. C. 

Genito-Urinary 
First Et. Austin H. Wood, M. C. 



Sgt. Est Class William T. Owen 

Sgt. 1st Class George E. Warner Sgt. 

Sgt. Gordon S. Brown Sgt. 

Sgt. Claude M. Dowler Cpl. 

Sgt. Charles E. Wing Pvt. 

Cpl. Alfred S. Armfield 

Pvt. Est Class Anthony J. Campbell Sgt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Chester A. Giesy Cpl. 

Pvt. 1st Class John C. Guyer " Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Eawrence F. Mulligan 

Pvt. 1st Class Harrison B. Reed Sgt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Kenneth M. Welshons Pvt. 



Eye Ci.ixic 
Ca rl Wonner 
Henry A. Eadd 
Clifford J. Thomas 
Lst Class John W. Meredith 

X-Ray 
William H. Fribley 
Harold B. Hudson 
1st Class Clare A. Miller 

Dispensary 
1st Class John A. Seeman 
1st Class John J. Francis 



DE XT AL DE P ARTM E N T 



Capt. James H. Johnson, D. C. 
Capt. Hubert F. Parsons, D. C. 



Pvt. 1st Class Roy E. Briggs 
Pvt. 1st Class Edwin Morene 



Major Otis B. 

Sgt. 1st Class Merle G. Campbell 
Sgt. 1st Class Arthur E. Hou.se 
Pvt. 1st Class Earl E. Divine 
P%^. 1st Class Henrv W. Hastings 
P\i;. 1st Class Hen rv B. Hilbers 



TEXTS 

Wight, M. C. 

Pvt. 1st Class Harrv K. Kaeklev 
Pvt. 1st Class George W. Mclntvi 



Pvt. 1st Class Alctor M. W. 
Pvt. 1st Class Eovd Wood 



Orr 



With Bask Hospital Fohty-Six 



39 



QL'AHTK KM ASTER 

Second l.t. rrcston A. Wells, Q. .M.C. Sccoiul IJ. .MmIcoIhi S. Black. (^. M.C. 



Path: NTS C'i.othixg 
Sgt. Clus L. Feldniaii 
Pvt. 1st Class .Martin D. Munsoii 
Pvt. 1st Class Ralph V. Talhert 
Pvt. 1st Class Jacob Weil 

Pl.lMHKKS 

Pvt. 1st Class Guv Lockwood 
Pvt. 1st Class Charley G. Withers 

UkaDUI ARTERS — Q. M. C. 

Sfit. 1st Class Claud McCarty 
Sgt. 1st Class Clifford J. Scimcidc 
Sgt. Everett Hughes. 
Sgt. Leo B. .Murphy 
Cpl. Krnest I). Stoiit 



Pvt. 1st Class E. J. Campbell 
J'vt. 1st Class Gary Mackson 
I'vt. 1st Class Harold Oberdorfer 
Pvt. 1st Class John Wirrick 
Pvt. 1st Class [,ee A. Wirt 

Carpextehs 
Sgt. Svdnev T. Phillips 
Cpl. Blue J. Llnter 
i'vt. 1st Class William K. Flick 
Pvt. 1st Class Fred Mickelson 
I'vt. 1st Class Helmer Morgan 
I'vt. 1st Class .\xel C. Xelson 
Pvt. 1st Class Louie .\. Pelletier 
Pvt. 1st Class Harold K. Smith 



MEDICAL SUPPLY 



First Lt. Charles F. Bouldin, San. C. 



Sgt. 1st Class Adolph L. Bloch 
Sgt. Clarence H. Harris 
Pvt. 1st Class Willis S. Ashley 
Pvt. 1st Class Rov E. Carnathan 



Pvt. 1st Class William J. Pactli 
Pvt. 1st Class .Morris Weil 
Pvt. 1st Class Carl Steinmet/. 
Pvt. Ivinton I^. Davies 



.MESS 



Second Lt. W'm. C.. Sutton, Sa 
Master Hospital Sgt. 

Sgt. 1st Class Chester B. Duryea Pvt 

Sgt. Elmer R. Bashor I'vt 

Sgt. Earl X. Sackrider Pvt 

Sgt. Chester L. Switzer Pvt, 

Cpl. Albert M. Cai)j)s Pvt. 

Cook Jay R. Higgason I'vt, 

(\)ok Russell O. Higginbotliatn P\t, 

Cook Jim Troglia Pvt 

Cook Louis J. Luze Pvt 

look Russell L. Stanton Pvt, 

Pvt. 1st Class Bert Brinker I'vt 

Pvt. 1st Class Wavne Brinker P\-t, 

Pvt. 1st Class Charles E. Davis I'vt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Claude G. Franklin Pvt 

Pvt. 1st Class Emil J. Gagnon I'vt 

Pvt. 1st Class Wilev L. (iouge Pvt 



nitary Corps, Mess Officer 
Wm. H. Perkins 

. Ist Class Le Roy B. Hendricks 

. 1st Class Edward I,. King. 

. Ist Cla.ss Arthur W. Kindorf 

, 1st Class Oscar W. Kortge 

. 1st Class Dayton D. Lanmreaux 

, 1st Class George Lockwood 

, 1st Class Clarence M. McClure 

. Ist Class John T. Milan 

. 1st Class .Andrew G. Miller 

. 1st Class George Miller 

. Ist Class Stuart H. Price 

. 1st Class Edwin W. Rigney 

. 1st Class Joseph R(»bson 

. 1st Class William Stamilus 

. 1st Class Will Stamulis 

. 1st Class Bion S. Whitehou.se 



40 



On Active Skrvic e 



I) K T AC H M E N T C) F F I C E 



Second Lt. Hicliart 
Sgt. William D. Feiitoii 
Cpl. William A. Bowes 
Pvt. Ist Class Hill W. 'reiii]>letou 

Post Ofiice 
Pvt. 1st Class Deeatur Balclvvin 
Pvt. 1st Class Ivirl \'. Kna])]) 

(irAiii) 
Sgt. Meier Newman 
Pvt. 1st Class Cliarles \V. Uauer 



J. Werntr, Sanitary Corps, Detachment Officer 
Pvt. 1st Class Jesse X. Greene 
Pvt. 1st Class Carol Morrison 



Saxit.\tiox 
Sgt. 1st Class Alvin S. Shagren 
Pvt. 1st Class Earl L. Wittner 
Pvt. John H. Cudlipp 

Assistants to Ciiaim.ains 
Pvt. 1st Class Hans F. Madsen 
Pvt. 1st Class Frank J. Riordan 



WARD MASTERS 



In CiiAiu.i; oi Wakos Pvt. 

Sgt. Elmer L. Johnson Pvt. 

Sgt. Kyle W. Kendall Pvt. 

Sgt. Earl W. 'l\)m])kins Pvt. 

Cpl. Charles B. Oshorne Pvt. 

Cpl. Ronald E. Lewis Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Arnold M. Blacklnmi Pvt. 

Pvt. 1. St Class Hi rsh H. Br(mil)erg Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Alva D. Budd Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Chester Davidson Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Rupert W. Forbes Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class LeRov S. Fox Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Frederick H. Fritsch Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Earl D. Hargrove Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Clifford R. Harlow Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Carl W. Julian Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Charles G. Lar-son Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Norman G. Mackev Pvt. 

Pvt. l.st Class Leiitelles C. Maddix Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Augustus C. McClellan Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Paul Mickelson Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Rov E. Mitchell Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Orvin W. Morgan Pvt. 

Pvt. 1st Class Svl O. Morris Pvt. 



1st Class Ivan E. Nelson 
1st Class Oggie Nelson 
1st Class Clay Nichols 
1st Class John H. Nichols 
1st Class George W. Oberg 
1st Class Alva K. Peiler 
1st Class John R. Reid 
1st Class John W. Robertson 
1st Class Joseph P. Scott 
1st Class Thomas J. Shea 
1st Class Paul E. Sosey 
1st Class William T. Tiller 
1st Class Arthur M. Walrath 
1st Class John M. Wilbur 
1st Class Joseph C. Wilson 
LeRo\ B. Andrews 
Lyle A. Baldwin 
George H. Blackmail 
Milton R. Edmunds 
CJeorge W. Ford 
William V. Heath 
Ronald G. Hight 
Harold W. Cnderhill 
Homer C. Wilson 



OFFICERS' ORDERLIES 



Pvt. 1st Class Frank X. Focller 



Pvt. 1st Class John W. Redington 



HEADQL ARTERS DETACHMENT. A. V. O. NO. 7.n 



.MoTOU 'rilANSI'OKTATlON SkKVICI: 

Pvt. 1st Class Guy E. Wolfe 
Pvt. John A. Clancy 
Pvt. 1st Class Anthony 1"\ Df)ering 
Pvt. AVrden Moffit 

1 .AHOKA'lOllV 

Sgt. .Matthew C. Riddle 



H|:a1)«( AIITF.HS HOSIMTAI. CkN'TKR 

Pvt. 1st Class John W. Bickford 
Pvt. 1st Class Charles F. Bueche 
Pvt. 1st Class John O. Childs 
Pvt. Foster F. West 



Pvt. Wallie Morgan 
Pvt. Ilenrv Nelson 



TRAN.SFERRED EX ROUTE 

Pvt. Fdric '1'. Thomas 
Pvt. Arthur J Walsted 



With 15 ask Hospital Fokty-Six U 



XOTKS OF THF. HISrOHV OF HASH HOSIM'I'AI, MMHFH 

FORTY-SIX, UXrrFI) STATES ARMY 

PRELIM I N A H Y OIUiAX IZAT I( )N 

FOLLOW I X(t till- tx.iinplc ot other niidical si-liools. the L iiiversity 
of ()rf<>()ii off'trt'd on MaX '2 L 1917. to do its })art toward furnish- 
ing the jx-rsonncl of a base hospital throui^li the Anurican Red Cross. 
This offer was eontained in a htter of th.at date from Dr. K. A. J. 
Mackenzie, Dean of the Medieal School in Portland, to Colonel Jeffer- 
son R. Kean, M. ('.. Director of .Military Relief in Washington. 
Colonel Kean re))lied hy wire May .SI, 1917, refjuestiiif:; that a Director, 
.\ssistant Director and Chief Xurse he appointed at once. 

Dt. Mackenzie liad in the nieantinie left for the East, after appoint- 
ing a connnittee to continue this work, as follows: Dr. R. B. Dillehunt, 
assistant dean of the medical school, chairman; Dr. .lames F. Bell, Dr. 
Edmond .1. I.ahbe, Dr. Tlios. M. .Joyce, Dr. Paul Rockey and Dr. 
Ralph Fenton. An adetpiate staff was selected by this committee from 
a list of sixty physicians ,ind surgeons, either teachers in or graduates 
of the medical school, at that time eligible for service. Some of these 
men already held Reser\c Corps commissions or were a|)|)licants. 

A stated meeting of the I'aculty of the Medical School was held 
.June ^O. 1917. Dr. Dillehunt presiding, and on this occasion the fol- 
lowing ofiicers were selected by secret ballot: 

Director. Dr. Robert C. Yenne.'^ ; Assistant Director, Dr. Richard B. 
Dillehunt; Chief Xurse, Miss Orace PlieljJs ; Chief of Surgical Service, 
Dr. Thos. M. .loyce; Chief of Medical Service. Dr. Wm. S. Knox. 

Other st.-iff members were named as follows: Dr. E. W. Morse, Dr. 
W. H. Skene. Dr. Herbert S. Xichols, Dr. Paul Rockey, Dr. Ralph A. 
Fenton, Dr. Laurence Selling, Dr. Arthur Rosenfeld. Dr. Robert T,. 
Benson, Dr. F,. F. Ziegelman, Dr. ,1. Hnrvey .lohnson. Dr. Irving 
Lupton (Spokane); Dr. A. C. McCown (Cove); Dr. Harry L. Bouvy 
(La Grande); Dr. H. M. Steelhannner (Silverton). 



42 On Active Service 

OFFICIAL f:xrollmext of personnel 

DR. R. L. BENSON liaving been commissioned as First Lientenant, 
was a])])ointed Recruiting Officer, and proceeded to examine and 
recommend all officers for commissions ; this work was done in the 
office of the Director, 608 JNIedical Bldg., Portland. Oregon, and was 
completed and reported in under date of July L 1917. Enlistment of 
corps men was carried on by Lieutenant Benson and Privates Coffey, 
Campbell and Rosenthal at the Medical School, and was completed by 
July 28, 1917- Enrollment of Red Cross nurses was carried on by 
Miss Grace Phelps, Chief Nurse, from her offices in the headquarters 
of the Portland Chapter, American Red Cross, Corbett Building, and 
was completed by the same date, on which certification of complete 
personnel was sent in to the Red Cross in Washington. This constituted 
a record for the L-nited States (three weeks for completing enroll- 
ment), and was extensivel.'^' couunented on by the Associated Press. 

FINANCING THE PURCHASE OF EQUIPMENT 

BY authority of Mr. John L. Clymer, Red Cross Director for the 
Western Division, of San FVancisco, Dr. Mackenzie, as Dean 
of the Medical School, was permitted to ))ro})osc the needs of the Base 
Hospital as a worthy object for the use of funds from the State of 
Oregon and esj^ecially from the mother chapter of Portland ; and Mr. 
Clymer wrote an urgent appeal to all the chapters of the State for 
their support of this work. 

LTpon the submission of the need for -t K),()()() to the directors of the 
Portland chapter at a stated meeting early in August, the sum of $20,- 
000 was at once set aside, contingent upon the obtaining of a like sum 
from the other chapters of the State. The work of supervising these 
subscriptions was turned over to Dr. Fenton, a Red Cross director and 
a member of the Hospital Staff, and was carried on through the office 
of Mr. H. I>. Corbett, finance director of the Red Cross for Oregon, 
through the extension department of the L^niversity, and by private 
correspondence. LIpon receipt of the first appeal. Hood River chapter 
wired -foOO, and in the next mail LTmatilla county (Pendleton) sent in 
a pledge of $8()()() in completed supplies. Bend and Burns were other 
large and j^rompt contributors, and some of the smallest chapters in 
the State also sent in checks at once. The basis used was that of one- 
fifth cash reserve, as in the case of Portland. Pledges totalling $34,000 
had come in by the early part of September, and Mr. C. F. Berg was 
appointed from Washington as purchasing agent, and funds were 
turned over to him. 



^^ITH Bask Hosimtal Foktv-Six 43 

To tlu- consttrnatioii of tlic start", liowever, a notirication was sent on 
about tliis time tliat from -toO.OOO to -t^iO.OOO would l)e needed, instead 
of $iO,()()() orijrinally requested !)> the Red Cross autliorities. As certain 
parts of the State had failed to contribute, it was not thought th;it tiie 
Red Cross would take care of the added l)ur(h-n. When this delay in 
obtaining the original sum fixed had been ex))laiiied to the Washing- 
ton Red Cross, a letter was received stating that one of the great 
fraternal orders was pre))aring to equip another base hospital, and 
that perhaps similar help might be extended to tlie Oregon unit. 

About the same time the attention of Hon. Cieorge R. Chamberlain, 
senior Senator from Oregon, was directed to the finaiu-ial difficulties 
of the unit. As Chairman of the Military Att'airs Committee of the 
Senate, Mr. Chamberlain was familiar with the needs of the service, 
and he was also familiar with the high standing and (lualifications of 
the men composing the start'. .Mr. Chamberlain was at one time Exalted 
Ruler of the Portland Lodge No. I t'2. Benevolent and Protective Order 
of Elks, and had been of the utmost service to the War Relief Com- 
niittee of that order in })lanning the wise use of their funds. 

September It, 1917. the Senator telegraphed to President Campbell 
of the University of Oregon, stating that the Elks' War Relief Com- 
mittee would ])robably ap])r()})riate $,5(),0()() or more, if needed, for the 
equipment of the Oregon unit. This munificent benefaction was at once 
accepted by President Campbell and Director Yenney, and was for- 
mally recorded by unanimous vote of the War Relief Committee early 
in OctolxM*. The conditions of the gift were forwarded by Governor 
.Fohn K. Tener, president, and Mr. .1. T. Fanning, secretary of the 
Committee, as follows: that the funds subscribed b.v the Red Cross of 
Oregon be returned at once ; that all purchases be made and audited 
through the Committee, in New York; and that the Base Hospital be 
known as the University of Oregon and Benevolent and Protective 
Order of Elks Base Hospital Number 46, prior to its mobilization. 

October l-^i. lf)17, Mr. Fred Harper, Grand Exalted Ruler of the 
B. P. O. E.. aeeom])anied by other Grand Lodge officers, arrived in 
Portland .ind met a committee headed by Hon. James Withycombe, 
Governor of Oregon, who acce])ted the splendid gift of the order on 
behalf of the University and the people of the State. 

.Mr. Berg turned over all accounts and equi])ment lists, which were 
forwarded to Washington and used in making up the standard base 
hospital overseas list which later bicame official. As the Portland Red 
Cross desired some interest in the work of the unit, its directors gener- 
ously set aside .f7()()0 to equip the nurses for overseas; but before this 
sum was used, the Red Cross in Washington took over this 



44 On Active Service 

obligation and repaid the amounts advanced by tlie Portland cbapter. 
Upon suggestion from tbe Washington authorities, the Portland 
chapter sent .$2500 to Colonel Davis late in A])ril. 15) IS. for emer- 
gency use during travel, etc. 

ASSIGNMENTS OF OFFICERS DURIXCi THE PERIOD 
BEFORE MOBILIZATION 

The first ofiicer to be called for duty was Ca])tain Paul Rockey, who 
went to Fort Riley early in .lul.'^'; ui)on his assigmnent to ))ermanent 
duty witli the Base Hospital, Camp Lewis, this otticer applied to 
the Director for permission to resign from the staff of Base Hospital 
No. K). which was granted in August. 1917- Dr. Herbert S. Nicliols 
was forced to forego the acceptance of his connnission as captain, and 
therefore gave up his place in the unit, in September. 1917. 

Filling these two vacancies, the names of Dr. Otis B. AViglit. Port- 
land, and Dr. Thomj)s()n Coberth (The Dalles) were submitted by the 
Director, and these officers were commissioned in due time. 

GENERAL ACTIVITIES OF THE BASE HOSPITAL 
BEFORE MOBILIZATION 

AFTER the ])relimiiiarv organization had been effected, and before 
manv of the officers had been called to the active list, regular 
drills in the school of the soldier and detachment, and setting-up 
exercises, were carried out tri-weekly during two evening hours and 
Sunday mornings, at Multnomah I'ield. Messrs. Prescott W. Cook- 
ingham, Maurice W. Crum))acker. and Paul Giesy acted as drillmasters 
at various times; all of these gentlemen are now commissioned officers. 
This work was continued for both officers and men residing in Port- 
land until late in Se))tember. 

At various times from Decemlxr until Fel)ruary. selected enlisted 
men under the supervision of Sergeant Coffey were sent to Camp 
Lewis at their own expense, as civilians; and through the courtesy of 
Major Greene, then commanding the Base Hospital, tliese men were 
permitted to become familiar with the essentials of paper work and 
mess management. Their periods of study varied from two to six 
weeks, and about fifteen men were thus selected. 

L^pon completion of the list of nurses as amended in December, 
and upon commissioning of Captain Wight and Lieutenant Coberth, 
Major Yenney certified the comjdetion of the unit to the Red Cross 
under its revised strength; and under date of .lanuarv 2. 191S, the 



With Bask Hospital Fohty-Six 15 

Red Cross formally certified the unit to the Surgeon General as com- 
plete in officers, nurses, men and e(}ui))ment. The unit was then for- 
mally (lr()])|)ed as a Red Cross organization, and tiic name " liiircrsit t/ 
of Oregon diid liciicrolciti atul Protective Order of Elks Red Cross 
Ihi.se Ilospitdl \ii»d>er Fort ij-skv" was changed to the official name, 
"lUited States .Inn// luise Hospital Xiniilx'r Fort i/-sid\" 

Instructions wen- neii\((l from the Surgeon General early in Janu- 
ary, 1!)1S, to m.ukf all arrangements for suitable quarters for mobili- 
zation of eidisted men, at once. Ry the courtesy of the Trustees of 
Tcmplf Reth Israel and its rahbi. Dr. Jonah B. ^^'is(■. the fine building 
of Rortland Academy was made ready to be turned over to the govern- 
ment at any time, and the neighboring R'nai Rrith Club gave ))rivileges 
of its swinuning pool, showers, and reading rooms. The city of Port- 
land donated the use of a nearby fire station for (juarters for fifty 
men. Telegra))hic orders ag;iin deferring mobilization were received 
late in January; but certain trained detachment clerks who had left 
their })ermanent work rem.iined on voluntary duty in the office of the 
Director. 

A fund of -i^HJOO was raised in the fall of 1S)17 by the enlisted men 
and luirses, anil this was added to by the gift of ^•250 each from the 
Fdks' War Relief Connnittee and the Portland Red Cross, all to be 
used in the Director's diseretion for travel or other emergency expen- 
ditures for the benefit of the entire personnel. 



i6 On Active Service 

MOBILIZATIOX 

ORDERS mobilizing Base Hosi)ital No. i6 were received by Captain 
Otis B. Wight March ■20, 1918, and the long-prepared programme 
was (juickly carried out. Four experienced sergeants arrived to assist 
hiui in mustering in the men, and the work of physical examination 
and inoculation was undertaken by officers not yet ordered into active 
service, working under Cajjtain Wight. 

Orders issued to Lieutenant Colonel ^^^ R. Davis, ]\I. C, then Sani- 
tarA- Inspector of the Western Department, on March "21, directed him 
to proceed to Camp Lewis, Wash., for the ])urpose of mobilizing, 
equipping and counnanding Base Hospital No. i(). Colonel Davis 
reached Portland April 1, and the members of the staff still in Port- 
land received orders April ,S to report to the Commanding General at 
Camp Lewis. 

Mobilization at Portland was facilitated by the presence of Chaplain 
C. .1. Greene, a Red Cross officer, who took u]) his quarters with the 
enlisted men and remained at Portland Academy until the muster was 
completed and all enlisted men gone. This movement to Camp Lewis 
was in two stages ; a hundred men were sent to the Base Hospital there 
March 27, and the rest accompanied Colonel Davis and the Portland 
officers April 5. 

Both officers and men were attached to the Base Hospital, Camp 
Lewis, for training with the existing personnel there under command 
of Lieutenant Colonel E. G. Northington, M. C. Early in the 
stay at Camp Lewis complete overseas equipments were issued and 
inspection of men and officers was made. Upon orders to increase the 
enlisted force to ^OO, a considerable number of voluntary inductions 
and enlistments were again made in Portland about the tenth of April, 
and final vacancies were filled by selected drafted men from the l6()th 
Depot Brigade. 

Captain Otto W. Koch, M. R. C reported from Camp Lewis on May 
14, being assigned to Colonel Davis as adjutant. 

During April all nurses not yet assigned to duty were sent in various 
groups to camp hospitals of the Atlantic seaboard, and Miss Phelps 
went to Army General Hos})ital No. 9, at Lakewood, N. J., for super- 
visoral work. Five civilian employees, either expert stenographers or 
laboratorv workers, were called in through the Red Cross late in ]\Iay 
and sent East ; and about the middle of iNIay all officers on detached 
duty who had not been called to Camp Lewis to join the unit by reason 
of their distance from that station were ordered to Hoboken and held 
in camp hospitals in that vicinity. 



A\ iTH Bask Hospital Foktv-Six 



47 



Ordt-rs to the nurst's nil over the United States to report to Colonel 
Davis in New York City were issued about May 23, and they were at 
onee released to i)roefed Kast. A few days later came the final order 
to officers and men at Camp Lewis to reach Cam)) .Merritt. X. J., as 
soon after June l as possible. 




48 



On AtTivE Skhvice 




PRESENTATION OF COLORS TO THE BASE HOSPITAL 

BECAUSE of thf status of Base Hospital M) upon tht- priority list 
for early overseas duty, during its entire stay at Caniji I>ewis. 
ceremonials ;ind ])ublic mention of the activities of its members had to 
be curtailed. For this r( ason the ceremonial ])resentation of a magni- 
ficent silk Hag to the unit by Portland Lodge No. 112, Benevolent and 
Protective Order of Elks, on Monday morning, April 29, was limited to 
an address by Mr. Monroe Goldstein, chairman of the Elks' committee, 
the presentation by Mr. Charles Ringler. Exalted Ruler, and response 
by Colonel I)a\is. This ceremony took ))Iace with the command drawn 
up fronting the barracks used by them at the Base Hospital. The other 
members of the connnittee were Messrs. W. F. McKenney and W. D. 
Jamieson. The connnittee were guests of the officers' mess at breakfast 
and were taken by Major Yeiniey u])on an extended tour of the can- 
tonment before leaving. 

The Mayor and Commissioners of Portland were guests of the 
officers' mess on Tuesday, May 21, 19 IS. for luncheon, and after in- 
specting the Base Hospital and the barracks of the enlisted men of 
Base Hospital No. tfi, addresses were made to the officers and men by 
Mayor Baker. Connnissioners Barbour. Maim. Bigelow and Kellaher. 




^^'lTH li ASK Hosi'ir Ai. loin ^ -Six 



1-9 



THK JOL RNKY EASTWARD 

OFFICERS and nun were relieved from duties in tlie Hase llosjjital, 
("ani]) Lewis. May '^5* at 10 a. ni.. and in s))ite of the interveninjjj 
holiday, entrained and moved at 1 : 1 .-) ]). m., Friday, May .'{J, in a train 
of five standard I'nllnians, cook and baggage car. The following officers 
made the trip: Colonel l)a\is. Majors Yeiiney .ind Joyce. Captains 
Dillehunt. Fenton, Knox, Koch. Skene. Morse, (irctne. Lieutenants 
Hlair, Lupton, Moran, Coberth, Ziegelman. McCown and Black. Licxi- 
tenant Lu]iton was detachment commander. Lieutenant Blair, mess 
officer. 

The route was L nion Pacific via Vancouver. Hood River, The Dalles. 
Huntington, Pocatello, Cheyenne, North Platte and Omaha; Chicago 
(xreat Western via Fort Dodge, Oelwcin. l)ul)u<|ue and Chicago; Nickel 
Plate via Fort Wayne. Elyria, Cleveland, Erie and Buffalo; Lacka- 
wanna via Elmira and Scranton to Hoboken ; Erie to Cam)) Mer- 
ritt, N. J. 

Sto])s for marches were made at (jlenns I'erry. Idaho. Laramie, 
Wyo., Oelwcin, L)wa. and Cleveland. Ohio. 

Arrival at Creskill. N. V., occurred June 5, 19KS, at about 2 p. m., 
and the command was immediately inarched to barracks in Camp Mer- 
ritt. Completion of overs* as e(iui))ment and the reporting of all officers, 
with abridged leave to \ isit New York, was the main occu))ation of 
the period at this camp. Major Yeiiney, with his staff of officers, called 
formally u])on the War Relief Committee, presenting the com))liments 
and thanks of the organization to the Order, on June 7. 




50 On Active Service 

PREPARATIONS FOR DEPARTURE FROM CAMP MERRITT 

SEVERAL »)fficer.s reported at Camp Merritt, a luimber direct from 
civil life, and were outfitted at camp on verv short notice. Prac- 
tically no leave to visit New York was obtainable. 

The joint fund of some $6r)()() held by Major Yenncy for the emer- 
gency use of the organization was transferred into American Express 
checks payable through certain senior officers, so that some one should 
at all times be on duty with the organization. 



DEPARTURE 

THE emergency mess, managed by Cajitain Sargcntich, served coft'ee 
at 4 a. m., June 11, 1918. and the command marched to Dumont, 
N. J., entraining there at T) a. m., on the West Shore Railroad, and 
transferring via Weehawken Ferry to Pier ;)8, New York City. 

Embarkation on R. M. S. Missanobie (C. P. R. R.. 1'2()()() tons) was 
completed by 9 a. m.. and all baggage loaded by ') p. m. The steamer 
left dock at 5:30 p. m., June 11, 1918. which is the time for computa- 
tion of the commencement of overseas service of this organization. 
Eieutenant Kelley came aboard in midstream. 

The steamer lay off Weehawken until 7:15 a. m.. June 1'2. moving 
out past Sandy Hook at 9 a. m., as second ship of a convo}' of 13 
transports and an auxiliary Britisli cruiser, under escort of an American 
cruiser and three destrovers. 



THE VOYAGE 

COLONEL DAVIS, conunanding. had been assigned as Surgeon 
to the Missonabie, so that temporary command of Base Hospital 
No. 46 fell to Major Joyce. The organization became post hospital 
for the ship, and maintained a dispensary, isolation hospital and sick 
call, furnished sanitary inspection and venereal and parasitic inspec- 
tion, and in the latter part of the voyage furnished officers for two- 
hour watch periods on the bridge. Captain Dillehunt remained adju- 
tant, Captains Skene and Wight conducted the hospital, and Captains 
Selling and Lieutenant Palmer were in charge of sanitary conditions ; 
Lieutenant Lupton, detachment commander. 



^^'lTII E ASK HOSIMTAI, l'"()HTV-SlX 5] 

Otlier orgaiii/atioiis on the sliip included: 

Three hundred and twenty-second Machine Gun Battalion and 
Headquarters; l.Sth Construction Comjiany ; Signal C"or])s (Aero); 
Medical Rejilacenient Detachment. Fort Riley, and Nurses Re])lace- 
m-iit Detachment; total all r;inks aboard. 19S1. There were also a 
number of Canadian and English officers and tlieir families, and a 
ship's crew of some .SOO. The ship was under the connnand of" Com- 
mander (i. C. Kvans. 

The escort cruiser left the convoy June '21. late at night (the Ameri- 
can destroyers having returned the first day), and about noon of .hmc 
22 the British escort of eight destroyers, led l)y H. 8 1 ( H. M. S. 
Minos) arrived and took charge of the coJivoy. tlien northwest of Ire- 
land about latitude .jti degrees. 

Land was sighted .ahead at about 1 a. m.. .lune J.'!, first Islay Island, 
Scotland, and a little later the north coast of Ireland. Ten destroyers 
and several trawlers accompanied the convoy into the Irish Sea, past 
the Mull of Galloway and the Isle of Man, entering the Mersey 
after 10 ]). m. 



I.AXDIXC; AT LIVERPOOL 



A 



NCHORINCJ ofl' the laiuling stage at Liver))ool about 1 1 )). m., 
j~\. June 23, the Missanahic was held in the stream until 10 )). m. 
.lune 2L when she docked in the Sandon basin. The jjublie buildings 
of the v\tv were dressed witli American flags in honor of the eomoy. 

H.ise Hospital No. 1() was disembarked .and m.irched to the C.an.ada 
Docks Station of the London and Northwestern R.ailway at \:'.U) p. m., 
.June 25, 1918. Lieutenant .Mor.in w.is sent to the Red Cross hos))ital 
at -Mossley Hill to recover from a neuritis of one leg. The connnand 
was received .it tlie st.ition by an English military band, and welcomed 
to England on beh.ilf of the King by a Major detailed for that pur- 
pose. Copies of the King's letter were distributed to the entire comm.and. 



PASSA(iE THROLGH ENGLAND 

THE train left Liverpool ,it .") :.)() p. m., passing by way of Crewe. 
^^'olverham])ton, liirmingham (coffee stop), Rugby, Oxford and 
Winchester. 



.52 On Active Sekvick 

Reaching Soutli.-iuipton .luiu- '26. U)1S. at !• a. in.. Pier ii, the com- 
mand was marched three miles to the rest cani]) at Cowherds Inn, re- 
maining nntil next day at 1:15 p. m. Embarking u})on a swift channel 
steamer (Duchess of Arin/U, Caledonian Steam Packet Company), at 
5:15 p. m.. leaving at 7 p. m.. with otlier similar boats nnder convoy of 
an equal number of destroyers, the command passed Cowes. Ryde and 
Spithead. and entered the channel about 10 p. m. 



ARRIVAL IN KRANCK 



A FTER a very speedy passage in l)right moonlight. Cherbourg in- 
_l\. s])ection boat was reached at '2 : 15 a. m.. and the Duchess of Argifll 
anchored in the inner harbor off the Gare Maritime of the Etat Rail- 
way about .'> a. m. The command was disembarked under the joint 
direction of the English and American trans])()rt officers at (i a. m., and 
along with the I'^th Aero Construction Co., was marched to the English 
rest cam}) at Tourlaville Chateau, SIm miles from the city. The stand- 
ard presented to the organization by B. P. O. E. Lodge No. 1 tS was 
carried in formation for the first time, on the soil of France, June 
28, 1918. Tliese were the first American troo))s to debark and stay 
overnight at tliis camp, and all arrangements were handled by the 
English authorities. 







4 

f ;^'*iii^i^^ 



'X'f *^ M >tiAf^ 



» 







% 



M AKrHIN(; THROUdll CHKKB()LR(; 



\\'iTii H \si: lIosi'iTM. I'oHT's -Six 



.')3 



THK JoruN KY riiRorcin i-ranck 

Al'"'rKI{ hrcakfast at !■ : 1 ."> a. ni., and the inarcli down to ( 'lurl)oiirii-. 
tile sanif two coinniaiids tiilraiiicd toyctlKT and left at 7 :"2,") a. ni.. 
\ia tlif Ktat Railway tor I'aris \ ia Mantes, tluiicc to reach the advance 
section \ia tiie Est system liironiili \'ersailles and Jinisw But after 
passinj; 15;iyeu\ and Caen, reaching- Mezidon tor eoli'ee from tlie Brit- 
ish canteen ser\ ice. the train was sent south through AK^neon to Le 
Mans, thus a\()idin<i- tlie Paris area at niyht at a time when air rai(is 
were lieiny- rejxatid. Cotf'ee was ser\cd by the I'rench ser\ ice in the 
outskirts of I.e Mans. 

The morning- of June .'!() at t:;i(). the Loire was crossed into Tours. 
hut (h lay was encountered in the transfer yards to the Orleans system, 
and at St. Pierre-des-Corps it was not possible to dcla\- for breakfast. 
Cotfee was served by tile I'rench at \'il]efranche about 11 a. ni.. and 
after considerable diday from the congestion of war material ahead, 
the train ));issed \ ia JJourges and Xexcrs to the P. I,. M . s\stem. and 
supper and coffe<' were had at ( 'ercy-la-Tour about S ::',() p. m. 

The morning of July 1. after passing I.e Creusot and its great forges 
in the night, breakfast was ser\((l in the .\meriean Red Cross quarters 
at Dijon, about S a. m. .Vt 10 a. m.. the train reached the distribution 
yards at Is-sur-Tille. and Base Hospital No. t() was there separated 
from the l.Sth Construction Company. I,e/i\ing Is-sur-Tille about 10 
p. m. o\tr the l-',st system, th.- train was set out at t : 1 ."i a. m. on :\ siding 
at 15azoilles-sur-.Meuse (\'()Si;es). 



A' 



THK DKSTINW'ITOX T\ I'RAXCF, 

T () a. m.. July 'J. 10 IS. Base Hospital No. 1() detrained at Bazoil- 
.l\. les-sur-Meuse and at/irched to section I of the great hospital 
center at th.at point. Head(iuarlers were opened at once, and e(|uipment 
recjuisitioned to make up for the n.in-arri\al of the e(]uipment which 
was supposed to ha\f been shipped in thi' same convoy from Xt'W York 
with the unit. 

Base Hospitals Nos. IS (Johns Hopkins) and I 1 (i (federal) were 
already installed at this point, the former in an old French armv hos- 
])ital. The otHcers were gi\(n the pri\ilege of messing M'ith linst- IK) 
for a fi'w days. ;ind both units were most kind in assisting Base i6 
to get established. 'I'his w.is made more ditticuit owini>- to the non- 



5 4 



On Active Service 



arrival of hraw baogagf for several weeks. The eonstruetioii work on 
paths, roads, latrines, plumbing, roofing, etc., was all taken over by 
the enlisted personnel of Base Hos])ital Xo. i6 from the engineer 
force on the ground, and with the dubious assistance of Chinese and 
Portuguese laborers was soon comjjlete. 

Captains Dillehuut and Wight and later Colonel Davis, were dis- 
abled for a few days by the current epidemic of "S])anisli grippe." 

July i was celebrated by a Hag-raising at Base I Hi. The follow- 
ing day the officers' mess of Base Ui was opened, with Captain Knox 
mess officer. Lieutenant Blair remained mess officer for the detach- 
ment. Lieutenant Palmer, sanitary inspector, and Lieutenant McCown, 
fire marshal. The Adjutant took command of the detachment, and 
as surgical teams were recommended by NLijor Joyce, some of the 
younger officers were detached for tem])orary work near the front. The 
first to leave were Lieutenants Luptou. McKenzie, Scott and Hynson. 

The first promotion on French soil was that of Captain Knox, to 
Major, by previous recommendation, under date of Julv IL Captain 
Johnson was the first casual offieer to ])e added. 

On the same date a party of enlisted men was sent to Bordeaux to 
drive the motor transjjortation overland. 

■fuly 11-, the annivers;iry of the fall of the Bastille, coining on 
Sunday, was celebrated by the display of the colors before quarters, 
and by a sjjecial ])atriotic sermon by Chaplain Colton. American Red 
Cross, who had been transferred to Base Ki on Julv 12. 




I-A' KOITK TO BAZOIIJ.ES 



With 1? ask Hosimi- ai, 1<)Kt\-Six 




THE NURSES' TRIl' OVERSEAS 

HKN tile rail tor the orijaiiizatioii of a liasf Hosjjital 
I nit (•;inic in May, li)I7. jii'cat cxcitcuuiit prcvailfd 
tiiroufi-hout the nursing circlf.s in Ort-g-on. Every nurse 
was imbued with tlie s))irit of jjatriotisni — anxious to do 
her hit — and at that time the big l)it seemed to he to get 
to France. All sorts of applications to join the unit were reci'ived. hut 
when the nect-ssarv (]Ualificati()ns "moral, mejital and jjhysical" were 
considered, the enrolling of 100 nurses, three sten()gra))hers. one 
dietitian and two laboratory technicians was no easy task. I'irst to be 
reckoiu'd with were the "too young class" and the "too old class." 
'I'hen there were the "physically unfit' and. finally, the "married oiu's" 
who wanted to go with their husbands. Next came the problem of the 
necessary, but expensive equi))ment. Many nurses who had family re- 
s])onsibilities found they could not meet this expense. As on eadi 
and every occasion, when called n])on to help, the Portland Chapter 
of the American Red C'rt)ss arranged to have the extra equijunent 
supplied to the nurses free of cost. 

New orders and instructions from Washington were l)eing received 
almost daily. Physical examinations nnist be made and a|)proved. 
The prophylactic typhoid, para-typlioid and smallpox treatment given. 
M.iny and varied sad tales of the organization of the nursing ))er- 
sonnel of our unit could b<- told, but we have learned to avoid sad 
stories. 

Would tlu' order for duty ever come .^ And what would that order be 
— Cantonment duty or direct to I'r.ance? The first orders came No- 
vember '2 I-. 1 !) 1 7 for ten nurses — six to proceed to (amp Lewis ami 
four to proceed to I.ettcrman (ieneral Hospital. I'ive imrses who 
were members of a unit to go to Roumania. but who were recalled 
when our relations were severed with that eounlrv. were attached to 
us and came with our four uursi s from Lettirman (ieneral to Van- 
couver liarraeks. Wash., where liiey remained until all were .sent to 
New ^'ork. I'ebruary 'i 1 . 1!»1S. ten more start-d for (amp ("uster. 
Then another tedious wait, during which time several changes were 
made in the nursing personnel and those who were ready became 
(jui!e nervous, thinking th.il the war would not be ])r()perly finished 
unless we were there to laud a hand. March 1, 1918, one nurse went 
to (amp Kearney. .March !,"). 1!)18. six others landed at Camp Eewis. 
March '21. 1!)1S. four to (amp Dodge. The big day was on April 6", 
vhei. more than thirty nurses left the North Bank Station for various 



56 On Active Service 

cantonmfiits. There could he no douht in our minds on that day as to 
the devotion of our friends. The scene at the station rivalled the goinji 
away of a hride — so many bouquets, bonbons and magazines. Thirteen 
went to Cam]) Dix, five to Camp Merritt. ten to Camp Stuart, ten to 
Camp Greene, eight to Cam)) Meade, eight to Camp Hancock, seven to 
Camp Lee and on x\pril 8 four more were sent to Camp Upton. All 
the nursing personnel of the unit were now on duty at the above can- 
tonments, being instructed in army hospital methods and incidentally 
caring for the great number of sick men of the young army soon to 
be sent overseas. Again a long wait for orders which finally came "to 
proceed without delay to Mobilization Station. Holley Hotel, New 
York City, New York, to rei)ort upon arrival to the conuuanding officer 
at the port of embarkation for duty overseas." 

One step nearer France! Our five weeks in New York was indeed 
a mad rush. The nurses arrived and were sent to different hotels; later 
all were quartered at the Madison Square Hotel. A regular schedule 
was established — nurses were checked in and out — nuist be on time for 
mtals — must attend drill at the 71st Armory (some drill) — must be 
outfitted ( nuf sed) — ))ureliasing of t'u' Unit fiag — identification tags — 
})assports — many shows — bus rides. A great rivalry existed among the 
nurses as to who could find the best and cheapest restaurant — this to 
vary tiu' Madison S(]uare diet. The churches were most hospitable. 
There were special services and teas. Nurses' Club made us feel per- 
fectly at home. A beautiful party was given at the residence of Dr. 
.lamts. where we were entertained by celebrities. 

W'c nuist nuiition Dr. and Mrs. Reed and Lieutenant Dale as play- 
ing a wry im])ortant part in our stay in New York. \\c were scheduled 
to head tiie Red Cross section of the Fourth of July ])arade, but again 
the order which ke])t us moving, aiul instead of participating in the 
greatest parade New York had ever had. we were told to go quietly 
away from our hotel in small grou})s. to be at the port of embarka- 
tion not later than three o'clock that afternoon. This was accomplished, 
but can we forget the mobilization of our baggage in the corridors of 
our hotel .^ This included the comnuniity box and the flag. The servants 
of the hotel were not sup])osed to know that we were leaving. After a 
wait of perhaps four hours at the i)ier. we went aboard the wonderfully 
camouflaged Aquitania, a British transport. No detail had been omitted 
and in the shortest possible time all assignments had been made a^. 
we were comfortably located in our staterooms. 

We were requested not to dance by the commanding officer of the 



With IJask Hositiai, I'ohtn -Six 57 

l)().-it, hilt otlur amuscinciits were tuniislud. siR-li as imisir, singing, 
and attfrnoon ten. Daily fire drill, wliicli was not intcndid for aumsc- 
inent, but which usually t'urnislicd its full (|Uota. Life prcstrx crs wtrt- 
worn continuously throughout the voyage. 

W'c were convoyed for several hours out ot New \ Ork. then \ve were 
aloiu' until within two days of Liverpool, when, early in the morning, 
five dcstrovcrs came, almost simultaneously, u))on the horizon. All on 
hoard our shi]) thrilled when these little "live wires" of the sea slipped 
into our path. Kveryone had the teeling of wanting to han over the 
railing to give thcni a hearty hand shake or hug and whisper, "(ice, 
we're ghad you're here." All through the night the guns of the little 
destroyers and of our vessel kept hooming. The nurses, life prescrvi-rs 
on. life saving suits within reach, slept but little. It was a (]uestiou 
next morning whether or not the officers had gone to bed at all. as thev 
were heard going up and down the corridors all night, and in the event 
that a inirse met an officer in the c-orridor he assured her. with gusto, 
that there was a storm at sea and that it was thiuider instead of guns 
that she heard. However, lu-xt niorning we knew the truth, submarines 
had been chased and one sunk. 

\\ {■ disembarked at I,iver])ooI about S p. m.. Julv I',' the inirses 
were the last of the main thousand aloai'd to leave the boat, ^^'c left 
by rail for -Southampton between 1) and 10 ]). m. Knglish Red Cross 
served eotfee at a way-station at midnight. .Vt davbreak all blinds 
were u)) and heads crowded about the car windows to catch glimpses 
of the piclurescjue fields, roadways and thatched-roofed villages. We 
arrived at .'^outham])ton in the (arly morning. Hotel acconunodations 
were jioor. food very poor, no sugar, no tea and a limited supply of 
bread. 'I'hat afternoon, we were taken by a lighter and put aboard a 
hospital ship, which dropped down to the l)ar made famous by I'enny- 
son's "Crossing the Har. ' and remained there till dark. All lights 
out. the well i-onvoyed ship moved cautiously forward for its perilous 
trip across the channel. We reached I.e Havre July It. the Liberty 
day of I'rance. Again, no sugar, no bread, congested hotels, but the 
joy of the .Vmerican '■iioys ' upon seeing us e(iualled our own on 
seeing them. We left Le Havre on .luly 1,'). and had a hasty breakfast 
at the Red Cross refreshment booth railroad station in Paris, then 
liundled onto a train. By this time we were beginning to realize that 
we were in a country at war. At home were new uniforms, fresh and 
enthusiastic troops-^in France were shabby uniforms and soldiers 



58 On AcTivK Service 

verv tired aiul worn looking. |)frlia])s not so wildly tiitlnisiastic. l)nt 
none the less determined. 

One hundred and five very weary women reaelied Bazoilles-sur- 
Mense, Vosges, France at 8 p. m. on July 19. All so glad to reach our 
station and to see our splendid officers and men, who certainly had pre- 
pared for our coming. After a hot bath, a good dinner, we laid aside 
all our cares and had the first real good night's sleep since leaving 
New York. Our breakfast was served to us in bed by a few of the 
more energetic mirses, it being the order of the commanding officer 
that nurses should stay in bed the next day. if they cared to do so. 
Now we were readv to do the thinjj; that should come our wav. 




^^'^nl Bask Hosimtai- Foinv-Six 



59 



LNIT AT WORK 

N ,111.^' 1() tile luirsts arrived aiui were located in their 
(liiarters. wliieli liad been made livable tliroufili the c<)\ir- 
tesv of Colonel Walker, t'oinnianding otiic'er. Hase Hos- 
pital No. IK), who furnished necessary Ixdding. etc. 
On this day, also the first surgical te/uns went to the 
front. On July 1!) the hospital was moved across the Meuse to build- 
ings directly adjoining Base IS. This was considered a better location 
on account of less noise and possible freedom from winds aiul fog.s. 
Little (lifficult\- was experienced in moving as practically no e(iui])nient 
was on hand. 




None of the wards in the new location were suitable to receive 
patients on account of l.ick of i)lumbing and of tables, shelving, etc., 
in diet kitchens and linen rooms. Practically all of this work was done 
by the enlisted personnel and with great ditficulty on account of the 
lack of material and tools. In order to meet possible emergencies, 
Wards 1 to ."> were first completed, the surgery, eye, ear ajid nose clinic, 
X-Hav and receiving ward were in the same unfinished state, but these, 
loo, were completed in time to attend to patients when they rushed in. 

On ,Iuly '21 the first patients to occupy wards, some 200 in number, 
were sent over from Base 18 as an overflow. The first patients admitted 
to our hospital through reeei\ ing ward w.is on July ^.'J. As the receiving 
ward had, at that time, no bathing facilities the first disastrous results 
of allowing cooties to get in the wards was experienced. How-ever, by 
energetic work the next d.iy. .ill patients were cleaned up and bedding 
and clothes disinfected, it took a eon\()y of Oerman prisoners to 
repeat tills dis.aster. 

Air-raid .-ilarms occurred (piite freciuently. interfering materially with 
work in the wards, as well as adding to the general discomfort of 
<\(r\()ne, I'ortunatelv, nothinff more serious than alarms e\-er occurred. 



One of the most serious conditions encountered was the shortage of 
water supjjly during the sununtr and several times water liad to be 
carried in buckets from Base I cS to supply wards and kitchens. On 
.■iccount of lack of transportation, great difficulty was experienced in 
disposing of hospital waste. 



60 



On Active Service 



Duriii<>- tlif Mctivc fijriiting at the front patients were rccfived in 
large convoys, frequently kept a few days only and then. exce])t the 
very worst, evacuated. This threw an enormous amount of work, not 
only on surgeons, nurses and ward men. l)ut on the receiving ward, 
registrar's office, kitchens and tent city as well. The zeal displayed 
by all, especially men and nurses, was so manifest and spontaneous 
as to make everyone feel a particular pride in the organization. The 
manifestations of joy on hearing that the armistice had been signed 
on November 1 1 need not be mentioned. 

On December .SI, orders came from the center tliat Evacuation Hos- 
pital No. 26 would relieve Base l6 and that we were to return home. 
Tater this order was revoked and Base Ki ordered to turn over all 
property ])reparatory to abandoning this hospital, the UTiit to return. 
It is needless to say that no time was lost in complying with this order. 
Twentv-five nurses \()lunteered to rem/iiii and five additional were 
selected to make u]) the thirty required to remain over. Five medical 
officers, Ziegelman, Scott. Mars, McKenzie and Kelley, were also 
slated to remain. 




^\iTii Bask Hosi'itai. I"()in'\ -Six 
THK WORK OK 15 ASK HOSIMTAK NO. Ki 



()1 




I'l'ICKRS and pcrsoiim-l of Hase H()s])ital No. Ki 
arrived at H;izoillcs-.siir-.Mfusc ,FuIv '2, 1918, tlic mirst's 
coming- on .Inly Ki. On July I!', we moved across the 
river to our perniauiiit loc'ation. made up of twenty 
,)()-l)cd wards and 1 ()()() additional beds in tents. On July 
'2;:! we received our first convoy of patients. From tlien until January 
19, 1919. wlien we evacuated all our cases to other hospitals in the 
center, w^e admitted 8,S()() patients; LSI died (a mortality of \.M) per 
cent). On October IS. we touched the ])eak of our activity. I.")?') 
patients in wards and tents. 

The Medical Ser\ ice. up to December l.'i. 19 IS, receixcd H'79 
patients, representing ])rincipally cases of gas poisoning, influenza, 
gastro-enteritis, and pneumonia. There were a|)proximately 8i() cases 
of gas poisoning, mustard gas being the most common cause ; there were 
ll^S cases of influenza, 112 cases of bronclio-pneumonia, and kS cases 
of lobar pneumonia, with eight cases of resulting empyema, of which 
one died. Our pneumonia mortality, including coinjjlications. was 
50 per cent. Twelve cases of typhoid and eight of ))ara-typhoid. all 
type B, developed, five cases of meningitis occurred, two cerebro- 
spinal, one pneumococcus, one tubercular, and one undiagnosed. We had 
14 cases of j^roven pulmonary tuberculosis, two of which died in the 
hospital, and 2,") cases under obser\ation, where the ])hysical signs and 
general symjitoms warranted a diagnosis, but the sputum findings were 
negative. 

On the Surgical Service, during the same period. .'M'2'2 cases were 
received, of which 620 were operated. The mortality from wounds 
and complications was 2S or O.S per cent. ()( these surgical eases. 2.S 
were gas infections, of which four died. We had a rather extensive 
fracture service, the more connnon being: y>6 of the feuuir, ,-)() of the 
humerus, la of the tibia .ind I.") of the skull. I'"or all cause, the fol- 
lowing m;ijor amputations were performed: arm. (i ; leg. 2: thigh. 2. 

This lios))ital was designated to receive the Neuro-Surgieal eases in 
this center. A\'e had seven cases of G. S. W. of the spinal cord, all 
of which died; 'AO G. S. W. of the skull and head wert" operated, of 
which one died. There were 1.") nerve injuries received, the most fre- 
quent being, in order, Ulnar, Musculo-si)iral, .Median and Sciatic. In 
addition, we had 1 H cases of Psychoneuroscs. jjrincipally following 
"Shell Shock"' and S,") other cases where evidence definitely pointed to 



6^ On Active Service 

a Psyc'liornfurosis following high ex]>h).sives. 

Our eye, ear, nose and tliroat clinic treated ]~69 cases in the dis- 
pensarv, besides a very large number of cases in the wards, mainly 
mustard gas conjunctivitis. These figures do not include those treated 
in the eye clinic which was established here for the whole center, early 
in November, and which was extremely busy, mainly on refractive 
work. Up to December 1'5, 6l tonsillectomies were ixrforined and 
86 myringotomies for acute Otitis Media. 

The X-Ray Department was handicapped by being forced to use 
onlv the army bedside machine, but was of great value in locating for- 
eign bodies, for the patients were taken immediately from the X-Ray 
room to the operating table. The apparatus w.as also taken to the 
fracture wards where it helped materially in the good results obtained. 
In the late Fall, its principal use was in the diagnosis of chest condi- 
tions, sucli as broncho-pneumonia, empyema and tuberculosis. 

The Genito-L rinary Department, uj) to Decembir \o, 1918, treated 
72 cases of acute gonorrheal urethritis, 10 cases of chancroidal infec- 
tion, l6 cases of primary, 'AS secondary and 10 of tertiary syphilis; 
besides numerous gonorrheal epididymitis, lymphadenitis and athri- 
tis ; and many non-venereal conditions, such as cystitis and tubercular 
infections of the urinary tract. 

In July, before any convoys were received, three surgical teams were 
withdrawn from the hospital staff and attached to various field and 
evacuation hospitals and all remained away until after the signing of 
the armistice. Three other members of the staff were detached to evac- 
uation hospitals, where they filled in on surgical and shock teams dur- 
ing the same ])eriod. 

While this hospital was open, there were treated 2\'> German pris- 
oners and 11 French soldiers. 

Of the 8366 patients received in this hospital, not more tlian 28 per 
cent were actually returned to duty, due to the fact that from the 
beginning of operation up to and even after the armistice, we func- 
tioned largely as an evacuation hosjiital and many of the cases re- 
ceived remained here <mly for a very short jxriod. 



With Bask Hospital Foktv-Six 



63 




THE HOSPITAL CENTER 

HILK Hasf Hospital Ki fiiiictiomd as an iiuliv idiial 
unit, as did tlu- otlit-r bast- liospitals in the ctntcr, miidi 
of the distribution of tht- ))atients corning into tlie center 
and tile forwarding of the reports from tlie hospitals 
was done by thi- Headcpiarters Hos))ital ('enter, an office 

organized witli the object of l)ringing all the hospitals under one liead 

for administrative supervision. 

This hea(hiuarters was organized in July, 15) IS. and placed under 
the eoniuiand of Colonel Klnier A. Dean. Medical C()r])s, Regular 
Army, with Major H. S. Osborne. Medical Reser\f Corjjs. as his 
.■idjutant. 

The function of these lieadcpiarters was to act as a recording office 
for all military reports and returns, exercise courtmartial jurisdiction 
over the command, take up with higher authorities subjects that per- 
tained to the Hos))ital Center as a whole and, in fact, act for the 
Hospital Center in the same capacity as the inanager of some big 
business would act in supervising the various dejiartments under his 
control. 

The Headquarters Building was necessarily divided into several 
departments, the commanding officer, adjutant, personnel adjutant, 
evacuation officer and sanitary officer all having their s})ecial work to 
do. Of these offices, considering the subject from the stand))oint of a 
member of the medical j)r()fession, the evacuation office was ])robably 
the most im])ortant. as it handled the recei])t and dis])atch of all 
patients coming into the center. And when it is considered that there 
were as many as six thousand patients handled by the office during 
twenty-four hours, it can be |)lainly seen that this office was kept fairly 
busy during the period of the big rush. The evacuation office was 
su])))osed to exchange all hos))ital ])roperty that left the different 
hospitals on the person of individual patients, checking the amount 
that went on the train, drawing the same amount from the train's 
storeroom, and the connnanding officer of the train would replenish 
his supplies at the ))oint to which ])atients were e\acuated. 

A great deal more c-.annot be said aliout the other offict's of the hos- 
pital center except to state that the sanitary officer w.is, working in 
connection with the sanitary officers of the various units, directly 
responsible for the })olice and sanitary conditions of the camj) .at all 
times. 



64 



Ox AtTlVE SkRVK E 



\A'orkiiig in coniKctioii with Ht;i(l(]ii.-utfrs Hosjiital C'ciiU-r, but 
apart from it as far as direct supervision was concerned, was the Group 
Quartermaster and the Group Medical Supply Officer. The first, under 
the able command of Major Edward H. Schell, Q. M. C. was the 
office directly concerned with the su))ply of rations, fuel and light. 
laundry work and last, but not hast, our monthly pay. At no time 
during the history of the center did the Quartermaster disappoint us, 
and his untiring efforts were responsible to a large extent for the 
success of the work carried on in the center, for when rations come in 
regularly, and pay day comes early enough in the month to lead the 
soldiers to believe that they are being paid for their month's work as 
soon after the money is earned as possible, a great deal of discotitent 
that would manifest itself under other conditions is avoided. 

The Medical Supply Depot, in charge of Captain J. Luther Brad- 
lev, was directly charged with the procuring and issuing of all medical 
.supplies and surgical appliances to all the hos})itals of the center, and 
while the supplies came in very slowlv at first, alon"- towards the end 
of the war. the de])ot had a very fair stock of medical and surgical 
sujiplies of all kinds on hand. Too much cannot be said in behalf of 
the American Red Cross, who furnished carload after carload of 
medical supplies that could not. at the time they were badly needed 
here, be sujjplied by the Medical I)e})artment on account of transporta- 
tion difficulties. 





iijf-ir- 



■— -tff~£^ 








Top view of n.iziiilles and ! iDspit.iU. Middlo view (if Bazoilles \allev— Base Hospital 
Hi ill Kifrlit Front. Hottoin — Ilo-pital Center. sliowinK I'Tiited ."states Hospital Train. 



(iG 



Ox A( TivE Service 




BAZOILLES 

AZOII.LES-SUR-MEUSE— a village of 4 hi iiilial.it- 
ai'ts is located in the department of the Vosges. This 
department takes its name from the mountains which 
border it on the east and consists generally of high land, 
hroken ii]) by numerous valleys. There are three large 
rivers wliieli rise in these high lands, the Meuse, the Moselle and the 
Meurthe. There are no large cities and only a few small ones; of 
these Xeuf chateau with 1000 inhabitants is the most important to 
dwellers in Bazoilles from the fact that it is distant a scant four miles. 
Historically, this region is of interest chiefly because it contains 
Domremy, the birthplace of Joan of Are. But there are still tradi- 
tions of Roman days and few ruins can be found. 

From the scanty data of the village archives wt' learn that the name 
Bazoilles comes from the Latin word "Basis" (lowland) and an old 
Gallic word "oye" (goose). We Americans who have lived here feel 
that the true meaning is better expressed by the phrase "A good place 
for dncks." From these same archives, we learn that a city once 
occupied the site of the present village. It had two lords' estates, an 
abbe}^ dating from the fifteenth century and in the woods across the 
river a monastery of Templars. Strange to say not a trace of the 
monasterv or of the castle remains. However, it is still possible to 
find here and there vestiges of an old Roman road which ran between 
Bazoilles and Grand. The ancient city also ])ossessed a largf iron 
foundry or forge and two mills. 

As it now stands the village can claim no special object of interest 
besides its church and the quite modern chateau. According to M. 
Perdrix, the mayor, the walls of the church date from the eleventh 
century. The belfry and stained glass windows are relatively recent. 
Stored away in the rear of the church is a valuable ancient carved wood 
altar. 



The chateau is at present occupied by Base Hospital 18. which 
arrived in the valley on July 12, 1917- Previously it had been used 
bv the F'rench for the same purpose as the small military cemetery 
bears witness. In this are buried five Algerians, two Russians, nine 
F'renchmen, four English officers, one English sergeant, 62 Americans, 
including one lieutenant and one nurse besides five unidentified sol- 
diers. Since Jul}' 15, 1918, this has been closed and a new cemetery 
for the wlioh' center capable of containing l9tV2 graves opened. At the 



With Base Hospitai, Forty-Six 



67 



])rtsfiit date ( l)tcTUili( r 17. 1!>1S). the t'ollouiiiii- nrc huriid tlicrc: 
Nine officers, four iiursts. 1S() soldiers and "27 (ierinan prisoners. It is 
officially known as the "L nited States Military C'enieterv Xo. (i. " 

The Anieric.ui city of Bazoilles contained at one time fnll\- 11. ()()() 
inhabitants, most of whom were patients in the hospitals. There were 
six of these in addition to Base Hosjiital Xo. IS. and tlie date of their 
arri\al nia\' he worth ehronieliny. 

Base Hospit.il No. 1 Hi. April <). 1<»]S; No. Ki. ,hdy 'J. 1!)IS; Xo. t"2, 
July 1,-). 191S; Xo. (iO. Septemhcr 1.".. 1 !) 1 S ; Xo. SI. Scptemher ^>5. 
1!»1S : Xo. 7!». Octoiier Ki. 1!)1S. 

In addition there weri' en<i'ineers and lajjor hattalions and a Motor 
Transport Corps. .\lso a tVu (asual ni< (iical units stopjxd \s itii us for 
a tinu'. Of these. I will mention two — K\acuition Hospital Xo. ()' 
.iiui Mohile Operatinii' L nit Xo. 1. 

In conclusion. I take the liherly to add a personal note of yratitude 
for the hearty hospitality and inirestricted coo])eration shown me from 
the very outset hy everyone connected with Base Hospital Xo. If). 
THOMAS A. 1)1 X AX. Catholic Chaplain. 




68 



On Active Service 




LIFE OX THE MEUSE 

AZOILLES-SUR-MEUSE! "But wlicrt- is the Meiise?" 
we asked. We had crossed that liistoric stream by the 
footbridge in the meadows several times before we had 
realized that this slender rivulet meandering lazily from 
pool to pool was none other than the famous river whose 
name has been a household word during the battle of Verdun. But 
those who came from the banks of the Columbia or Willamette had to 
consider that in Lrance renown is not granted on the claims of mere 
bigness — likewise, that it is unreasonable to expect a river to be of 
e(|ual width along its whole course, and after all, it was a long way 
from the most advanced Hospital Center to \'erdun. from our (juiet 
valley to the shell-churned trenches of the world's greatest battlefield. 
\^'e had that rubbed in later, when the wounded came back and 
said: "Well, vou sure have a soft thinii- of it here." 



Since language in the A. E. F. tends to reflect the s))irit of the 
Franco- American alliance, the name of the place of our sojourn 
i!aturallv met with drastic treatment in the course of our efforts to 
amalgamate the tongues. Bazwillie Sure ^loose, Bazwillie Submerged, 
Baz Eels on the ^luss and many other variations were in vogue, as 
witness to the belief that a village in the Vosges by any other name 
would smell as sweet. It was rather ))rovoking in the dry season to see 
a river so neglectful of its duty, namely to run: at the time when water 
was so scarce that experiments were made showing that a private first 
class of the Medical Corps could make his morning ablutions, shave 
and do his laundry with a canteen of water and still have enough left 
to help out a friend, the Meuse degenerated into a swamp, but by De- 
cember there was water enough to permit the engineers to hold a 
regatta. 

It was in the drv season that homesickness, as tending to increase 
the humidity, should have been given every facility of expression, but 
it was the lot of one of the nurses, shortly after their arrival, to ex- 
23erience the rigors of military discipline even in such a personal matter 
as that of having a g»)od cry. Unable to control her emotions, she left 
the barracks one evening and seated herself on the edge of the side- 
walk and was weeping there in a perfectly ladylike manner without dis- 
turbing anyone, when the guard came along. Instead of offering sym- 
pathy he informed her that it was against orders to sit and cry on his 
post. She moved on, but not knowing much about posts she selected 
another sjjot unsuitable for undisturbed wretchedness. This time it 



With Bask Hosimtai. Fohtv-Six <)9 

was an officer who ■-.•lid: "If yoii don't get off the post you will he ])ut 
into the guard-house." It was the last straw. She went back to the 
barracks and wailed. "Oh. girls, what an awful ])lace this is ! You 
can't e\'en crv without being put into the guard-house!" 

In some resjxcts the life of a doctor in a Base Hospital seems like 
that of the members of a cit\- fire department — the gentlemen whom 
you see in front of the fire station with their chairs tilted back, reading 
the advertisements in a newspaper; with them it is feast or famine, 
periods of intense activity alternating with those of enforced leisure. 
That is the way it is in the Base Hosi)ital. and the slack periods were a 
sore trial to many of us. ^^'hen the wards were full and everybody 
was busv the ,it;nos])here was oiu- of cheerfulness how different it 
was at other times! Those days of incessant rain with nothing to 
do! It might be "real Oregon weather" — the writer does not know, but 
he could see that no appeal to tenderness of honie-sentinient was able 
to make it anything but tedious and dismal. Those were days when 
even the suggestion of a walk to Harre\ ille-les-Chanteurs. or of a tri)) 
to town to take a b.-ith at the Lafayette C'lul) failed to awaken enough 
enthusiasm to cope with the nnul ; when one heard the sound of the 
tin ])an announcing breakfast and turned o\'er with a stern resoh'c to 
sleej) a while longer and so shorten the day; when the Literary So- 
eietv. orginalh- instituted by the sa\ants of Barracks No. "i. was out- 
done by the younger chapter in the other barracks; when t-vening 
sessioTis were supplemented by all-day programs; when the delegate 
from the Roekeft'llcr Institute found his etl'orts to promote cheerful- 
ness unavailing, and hoii mots were answered with curses: "Sto]) that 
dannied racket! It's hard enough to pose for a picture without that 
noise!" The delegate from South Orange couldn't look pleasant that 
day — and wiio could blame him? It was December, ncaring Christni/is. 
and at home Ihey were getting ready for the festival, and there liad 
been so man\- rumors .-ifout our being ordered home that faith had 
grown cold. and. abo\c all there was nothing to do I I'',\ tn if Satan 
finds misi'hief for idle hands to do he didn't find enough to keep time 
from lianging hea\ \ on our hands, ^'es the brethren will remember 
the rain\ season at Ba/oilles-sur-Meuse ! 



Ox Active Sf.rvk e 



\ 




Upper Left — Hospital Street. Middle Left— View of Convalescent Tents. Ipper 

Risrlit — Bazoilles Chnrch Tower. Bottom— Chateau, Headquarters Base Hospital 

No. lA. (Johns Hopkins Hospital Cnit) 



^^'ITII l^\SK HoSl'ITAI. I'"f>I!TV-Sl: 



71 



.MKL'STXGS 

One of these days little Oswald is going to eliiiib up on Daddie's 
Uiiee. look ])lcadiiigly u)) into his fatherly eountenanee anil say: 

"And Daddie. what did you do in the great world war?" 

'I'hc Daddie in (juestion will inuncdiately elicw the end of his eigar, 
and then after glancing around to str if any one is in licaring dis- 
tancr. will say: 

"Oh. ni\- eliild. xoiir f.ithcr was \(ry. \try l)ra\i-. He li\id. suH'ered 
and nearly dird ,il tlif sitgc of Ha/oille. 

"And where is Hazoille. |)a-i)ali ."' 

At tli.il. father will relight liis eigar. raise his eyehrows. smile 
reniiniscently. and eontiiuie: 

"Ah. mv little Oswald, tliat was on the bloody Meuse. that wonderful 
river which almost flowed through the fair \illage of l5azoille." 

"Hra\e Daddie. ' adiniriniih' u,uroles Oswald. 




HI. I., to get down to brass tacks and bully beef, this 
article is designated to describe, enumerate, tabulate, 
speculate, and u.irrate the doings, designs, frolics, and 
other activities of the enlisted jiersonnel of Base Hos- 
pital No. t() from the tinu' of mobilization to the |)resent 
pt riod of the game, (ieiitle reader, pick out a nic-e. tat. comfortable 
da\fn])ort. a good brand of cigarettes, and a bottle ot yom- f.noritt — 
(that last is all wrong, you'll be reading this in the St/ites. won't yon ? 
and they tell me it's btastly dry now): |)ut on your slipixrs ,-ind be 
])repared to list to the tale of the fighting forty-sixers. 

In the first ])lace it was most irrit/iting to be in the reser\ e from 
July. 1!)17. to the Ides of March. l!)lcS. The brethr«-n-to-be-in-arnis 
got so used not to being called into service, and merily remaining on 
the inactive list, that many of them were actually dumbfounded when 
after eight mouths of watchful waiting they were suddenly ordered 
to beat it pronto to Portland Academy for the horrors of war. .Some of 
the brethren had to charter the Twentieth Century Limited to get 
there, but they all finally managed to r( ach the unit, old Bill Paeth 
finally crawling in some time towards .Ma\- da\- and the original unit 
was conijilete. 

The period at Portland .\cadtany for two or three weeks was one 
of inoculation, humiliation, and subordination. If they weren't shoot- 
ing you for some kiiul of germs, they were assigning you to the out- 
side police. .Many of the brethren were very capable at wielding a 
wicked pen. or fox-trot, but when it came to making a shovel whistle. 



72 Ox AcTivK Skrvice 

all. gfiitlf rt-adtr. let us .Iraw tlu- \til. Ht-re. too. was wlurc the per- 
sonnel wt-rc iiitrodiiffd to that famous presidt-nt of the Durliani 
factory, that u.ost illustrious sho()t<r of the delicious yap. namely, one 
to whom we have all learned to listen with marked attention, namely. M. 
G. Campbell. M. G., standing for the American equivalent of "Gott mit 
L'ns." Merle. I believe, sold over a million dollars worth of insurance, 
the only man who balked being Mrs. Stanton's only son. Broderick, 
who finallv fell to Merle's powers of oratory and ;}^(i.,")() ])er uionth. 

Things at the academy went along in great leaps and liounds. Rich- 
ard Werner, of Esparto. O. A. C, and other places doing the top-cutter 
to a fair-thee-well. Richard used to trot the men down to the Hazel- 
wood for three nuals a day. and there the howling moh would lap the 
food til Manager Joyce would howl for mercy. It was iiere where 
1 first met our two prize gormandizers, the powerful Shagrcn and 
the Chesire-faced Hughes. From the start these men have ))roved 
their sterling worth, by being the two best exponents of the art of 
bully-beefing, the unit has seen. In fact, they seem never to be 
satisfied, and even over here if you want to find them, simply have 
the proper eating establishment paged. Hut that is another story. 

One morning the unit departed for Camp Lewis, some of the 
brethren having gone up the week previous to arrange for the grand 
reception. The trip w'as one never to be forgotten. After a tearful 
petit de jeuner at The Hazelwood at about 1:.S() a. m.. or some ungodly- 
hour, we steamed out of the Union Station, witli Mayor Baker waving 
a handkerchief at us. and yodeling a foul "I'm l)eliind you. hoys." 
Aye. brothers, the first lap I 

Camp Lewis with all the l)ustle and rush of a new mining town wel- 
comed us as a long lost son. In fact, they thought so much of some of 
our men thatrtliey put us all to work. And liere 1 may state is where 
n)any of the brethren had their first real experiences with battleships 
and sul)marines. far as Camp Lewis may be from the Atlantic. The- 
Base Hospital at Ca.np Lewis was mighty glad to stc us ali\e. and 
immediately told us all the nice things that wint to make up our duties. 
However, you can't fool all the people all tli- time, and soon a great 
light dawned. 

About the first rial impression that di\nlg( s t'roni tin- mind of the 
average member of the enlisted personnel concerning the trials and 
cares of Cam]) Lewis is that of morning drill. In the first place, the 
j)owers that be decided it would be a great idt a to s; t tlie clock ahead 



With Bask Hospital Fortv-Six 7^ 

;iii lu)ur. so that instead ol' litttiiiti- up at the already territ)h- hour of 
tr.'U) we were really getting up at 3:30. Imagine, getting u}) in tlu- 
middle of the night to stand in line, shivering in the morning fog, to 
veil "Yoooooo," and tlieii merely romj) down to a drill field, and go 
through the various hieroglyphies and twists that one H. .1. U'erner in 
sisted was extremelv good for us. And to add to all this a niee little 
run u]) the hill to hreakf.-ist. Oh. Hieliard. how eould you ha\f been 
so eruuuul? 

And then we had to drop all our niee perfeetiy resix'etable eiviliau 
habits of roaring lustily when we eanie home and can you picture it 
going to bed at nine o'eloek ? One evening (this was a very fine even- 
ing), late in A])ril. two eertain individuals (names del, ti-d by censor). 
were aetuallv reprimanded for saying "good night" to i aeli other .it 
one minute after nine. And for that we had to pack radiators the next 
evening. Oh. well! 

Then came the season of our discontent. Ah. some one had heard 
some one tell the chaplain's great-grandmother's aunt that we were 
about to leave for an Atlantic port. So, we were all instructed in the 
gentle art of K(iuii)ment (". (ientle reader, for your benefit. I will 
elaborate ui)on the beauties and art of Kcjuipment (". That is an e(iuip- 
ineiit issued bv the go\>rnuient for use overseas, consisting chiefly in 
imj^ortance in shoestrings. In the first })lace. the mayor of (iresliam. 
otherwisi" known as "('a\alrv Schneider." so called because he s built 
that way. fitted us out in the cut;st little boy scout uniforms you excr 
saw. Oh, mv. ves. and all you had to do in one of them w.is to ap- 
proach a soldier in the cam)). Iiand him a cigarette or present of some 
.sort, and he'd replw ".So this is your act of kindness for today, bless 
vou, mv lad. " \\'e wore these affairs for a few weeks, until e\<ii the 
S])ruce Division protested, so they gave us some real stuff. 

Hut to get back to f',(|uipment C. which I may add. is overseas e(|ui|)- 
ment. Thev were always having us assort our outfits on our bunks, 
just when you'd get them all laid out jiretty like, some one would tell 
vou that the sjioestring.s should be tied in rosettes and not in l)ows. 
And tlien it was to do all o\ er again. .\h. those wi re the days. To add 
to all this, we had with us a most dextrous cnature. who was a chosen 
<xpert in rolling packs. 'I'ruthfully. h ■ taught us eighteen \arieties of 
j)acks before he decided which kind was the hardest to make up. Any- 
way, we had \vh;it might be termed in our military ))eriod. a period 
of ])re-construction. 

One day Richard callid us unto him. •■ind did spake Ihusly: "My 
c-hildreii. you will empty your IHtle bed tic-ks of the straw contained 



74^ On Active Service 

thereat, aiul sltf)) as best you may this eve. Can you ])icturf it. <ifiitli- 
reader; this actually brought cheers from the men. For what did .all 
this mean.'' Mean! Ach. shades of Bazoille-to-be ; it meant that little 
Base Hos])ital \o. M) was about to jxirti font suite for forcig-n shores. 

The next morning after a heavenly night on iron cots, sans every- 
thing, we were all hustle and bustle. At twelve-thirty after an excited 
lunch, the mighty herd gathered in front of the barracks, and amid 
cheers and plaudits of the multitudes marched otf for the station. 
clindied aboard tiu' train and bingo, off we went for th.e East. 

^Vithout a doubt that trip of five days was the most interesting, 
speediest and fascinating trip on wiiich the men (.f Base Hos))ital K\ 
had ever crossed the continent. We left Cam]) L.wis behind us at 
one-ten p. in., on May the 31st, 191(S. W\ whistled into Portland and 
immediately steamed out the Columbia about four ]). m. and were way 
u}) in Eastern Oregon before even Chis l-'cldnian could start a black 
jack game. If you can feature that you l;a\f some idea of how we 
started to travel. 

Immediately after starting on our journey we were told what we 
were not su])i)osed to do. (You sec, gentle reader, there are so many 
things that we simply can't do in the araiy. it's \-ery ])oor form you 
know, really to have anything the way you w;uit it). First, after we 
had folded our Sunday School Hymnals, we were informed that the 
doughnuts handed us by the eager ladies of the ^^^ C. T. U. and 
Pocatella Eadies' Union were liable to contain rat ))oison, and that 
we might not be able to tie our shoestrings in the regulation rosette 
if we ate any of them. Of course this broke all the ladies hearts ch 
route, but the brave laddies of i6 passed up all the doughnuts aiul 
en route fodder, leaving it all to others whom we shall not mention. 

On s])ed the train, through the wilds of Idalio, ^^'y()ming• (where we 
used to get otf and bid the train God S])eed and liiki' until we caught 
u)) to it) and Nebraska, into Iowa and then into Chicago, where we 
sneaked u]) through the stock yards at the dead of night, and then 
merrily chooed onward without sto]) out ])ast Lhe (iold Dust Twin 
factory, and oh I ( I actually wept tears at this point) ; I even smelled the 
echoes of the College Inn, and that's all the good it did me. Adolpli 
Levy Bloch was sleeping in a very accommodating up})er berth that 
night, I, having faithfully promised old Adolph that I would wake him 
up and show him Chicago. Nearing old Chi, Adolph crept (I speak kind- 
ly when I say crept) down into the lower and saw Chicago, from my 
window, Adolph was terribh- impressed with old Chicago, and I can 



With Bask Hosimtal l•"()HT^-SIx 75 

see his sniilini;' face, still, g-lowino; with ))ridf at tlu' lovfliness. of the 
immensitv of (■vtrytliiiii>:. and the t>olden o])])ortunities hehiiid thein. 

Next mom we wrre speeding ))ast Toh'do and all the iaetory girls 
were waving:, and all the Base Hospital Xo. Ki men were hcii-inning 
to realize that they were at last in the Kast. That night we pulhd 
into Buffalo and ('land MCarty innnediately decided th.at it was liigh 
time to look over tlir world. Next morning we had taken in Seraiiton, 
and \^'iIkes-Barre. and wa\- points, and were sliding in as nsti.al into 
old New York. New York was most interesting. We landed at TeMatly 
and walked up the mot faseinating hill towards a camp that was 
laheled Merritt. (perh;i|)s yon are familiar with it). 

After Lewis, (amp .Merritt was (juite a eome down. No more did ve 
have the eool evenings with old Rainier looking down at yon from a 
distanee. no more did we have the tir trees, and shrnhs and greens. In- 
stead it was hot. and stieky. and dusty, and deeidedly crowded, and 
the earlv i)art of suaimer was certainly living up to its former rejnita- 
tion. There were always herds of olive drahhed individuals coming 
into cam]), or going out. ami they didn't come in there i)y hundreds, 
thev were heing shi])p;'d in hy thousands. 

.Merritt was a series of inspei'tions. rush, making numerons |)assenger 
lists, getting orders, lia, ing tiiem innnediately resc-iiuled. ho])ing to 
get to New York and iH)t getting to go, and little slee]). Yon woidd 
liaxc howled with delight to s'c officers insj)ecting clothing (the hig ide.n 
vou kiu)W is to issue K(iuipment (' to the men. tiuii guard it carefully 
until you reach Merritt. then tear up several of tlu' garnu'iits and cross 
the ])ond. and get half of your e(iui])UU"Pt taken away from you. and 
receive some very fine salvage clothes froni then on. Oh. well. It 
was most amusing and instructing to see our former dentists and doc- 
tors .icting as ins)>ecting geiu'rals at Mv-rritt, and coiulenuiing clothing. 
I would hint that the\- are far hetter in their own line than as clothes 
merchants. 

One morning ahout .'> a. m after working most of the night, old Base 
No. i(j folded up her tents and silently s]i)))ied away down the road 
to the tram for an .\tlantie port. Sergeant Schneider was harking 
around trying to act as transportation man and having a most awful 
time with it all. as it was a rainy night, and somtdiow his little twigs 
were not the steadiest in the world. One of the generals of the eamp 
mistook him for ;i second lieutenant while all the rumpus was going on, 
and so merely smiled and went on. But, really, it was awful the lan- 
guage the sergeant was forced to use in order to get all the hags and 
haggage on the way. 



76 On x\tTivE Servh E 

We landed in New York around twenty-third street and sat on tlie 
docks for se-ver-i-al hours, watching everybody else climb aboard the 
liner. After everybody else was nicely placed, we climbed on and were 
assigned all the way from A deck to Q. The ship in question was a 
Britisli bark by the name of Missauahic. But why they ever wished it 
on us, I've never been quite able to understand. The trip was very de- 
lightful. Wonderful meals of the finest British quality, delightfully 
well ventilated quarters, extremely ))olite English eocknies. and a most 
charming ensemble of casual units that had just been released, a])par- 
ently from Sing Sing. 

The tri]) was one that will never he forgotten hy any of the enlisted 
men of the unit. ));irtieular]y those who suffered the pangs of munsoni- 
tis. Imagine, if you can. a cunning little room about two by four, with 
absolutely no ventilation, inhabited by all shajjes and sizes of animals 
of the micro-organic world, and the entire place permeated with that 
elegant dampness peculiar only to state rooms that are several yards 
below the submarine firing line. 

We had the ])leasure of being the unit in charge of the sick on tlie 
boat, and nearby were the chief surgeon's offices. A hospital office 
and infirmary were established at one end of the vessel with Sergeants 
Rosenthal and Watkins in charge. And around the corner, old Doe 
Wing. Armfield and Hudson ran the hospital. Several of the bretliren 
of the unit nearly went West during the voyage, and those that could 
navigate weren't any too spry on their feet The pleasant ])art of all 
this is th.at some of our sea dogs, such as Munson and Sackrider. and 
all the others wlio h)ved the water will soon have to make the tri]) 
back again. 

The Misscnuihir Wi-is in a convoy of thirteen vessels and when you 
weren't flunking about the meals coming up, you really had quite a 
sight gazing over the horizon and seeing the sight. The course will 
never be definitely known, but as near as we could figure out. we 
started for South Carolina and then zig-zagged off in a dash for Ice- 
land. The trip was uneventful from a submarine standpoint and we 
sighted British destroyers the morning of the twenty-first of June. 
Around midnight the lights of Ireland were sighted, and the next dawn 
brought forth the sunny outlines of the Britisli Isles. We pushed along 
through the Irish Sea and anchored in Liverpool harbor about 10:30 
that evening. 

The next morning we were up bright and early to gaze upon tliat 
famous city, and all day long we were permitted to gaze, as all we did 
was to wander up and down the harbor with the tugs or the tide and 



\\'iTH Base Ho-simtal Forty-Six 77 

wonder what the big idea was. That night we were towed into one of 
the docks and owing to the length of tlie day, we were i)ermitted to 
gaze at three sides of a doek until 1 1 :.'5() p. ni. hv daylight. 

Next morning wr started to get on dry land again. After waiting 
around all morning and most of the afternoon, we finally marched oft" 
to the Liverpool station and there embarked on a train bound for 
Southampton. The Liverpool Royal Something or Otlur Band wel- 
comed us at the station with a pathetic attempt at Yank ragtime, and 
although Lm sure they meant well by it, it was a wierd inter))retation 
of "There's a Sneaky Feeling Comes Roujid My Heart." 

After an all-night ride, we landed in Southampton, marched up the 
streets ])ast (piaint little taverns and shops, and passed handsome 
homes, and finally landed at one of those far-famed rest cami)s. Well, 
between roii.s ct inoi, it was a mighty handsome location, but tb.at's 
about all I care to say about life there. After a two-day rest we 
paraded down to the docks and took the boat for Cherbourg. 

As 1 remember it. most of us slept in hat racks, eurled around venti- 
lators, or in life boats that night. I sup])ose the trip was rough and 
])ossibly there was submarine danger, but we were .ill so tired from the 
last rest cam]) that we slcjit as if in the royal suite at the Benson. Art 
Mouse even forgot to yell. "All new men fall in." ami Munson was too 
sleepy to be seasick 

We had had troubles witli Knglish finance, but when they began to 
throw francs at us at Clierhourg. we all got tired and let the natives do 
the counting for us. We had a ])leasant twent\'-four hours' stay at 
Clierl)ourg and then got on a train and pulled out for parts unknown. 
Inasuuich as the (iermans were "strafing" Paris at that time, we were 
routed south towards the S))anisli border, and after three days' r.am- 
blings we landed in our present location. The trip by train througli 
France was a howling success. We all tried out our prep school French, 
and had a speeial train that was really above the average. In fact, 
after hearing about the cattle cars some of the A. F.. F. are shipped 
on. I'm mighty glad that I toured arouiul with Base cjuarante-six. 

1 w.is rudely awakened in tlie early hours of July second by romp- 
ing footsteps on the roofs of the coaches. Bob Brinker and Stamulis 
Doukas were frolicking in the morning air ami congratulating them- 
selves upon arriving in such a classy looking mountain resort. (You 
see, it looked that way then in the early summer, with all the trees 
green, and the early mist resembling hot springs and the colored roofs 
of the little village of Bazoilles s])arkling through the mist). Merle 



78 On A( TivE Service 

Cain})hfll and otlurs I could luciition were sniilino- at the large friendly 
sign "American Bar!" Even th.' toj) kicker, our little smiling Ricli.ard. 
seemed eager to get over into the town for some reason or other. But 
here, gentle reader, let me disillusion you. The American Bar ])roved 
to be a cafeteria and not a cafe, and although to this day we occasion- 
ally wander thereabouts it is not the favorite haunt of the })()]iulace. 

We embarked and marched up to our first quarters, and immediattly 
got ready to become a regular hospital of the A. E. F. At this tinie. 
there were onlv two other units in the center. Base Hospital Xo IS and 
Base Hospital Xo. 1 Hi. the former from Johns Hopkins Universit 
atid the latter a Xew York unit. Now that there are seven units in th(' 
center we feel (]uit',' ancient and are always glad to give advice to new 
units just arriving. But back in those early days, oh, daddie I 

We worked for about three weeks cleaning up the gutters and build- 
ing sidewalks, until we favored organizing working men's unions; then 
one day the powers shipped us over the river into a very well land- 
scaped group of buildings, next door to Base Hosjiital Xo. 18, that 
had been formerly ()ccu])ied by an evacuation hospital. I'rom then on 
the hos])ital became one in the real sense. 

The various de})artments were organized and in reality an equivalent 
to a corporation with its departments, and sub-departments. Thoi 
came our first convoy of |)atients. This was back in the days when 
Chateau Thierry was in the center of the spot, and Base Hospital Xo. 
46 is .surely proud to have had the privilege of caring for many of the 
men that were in that famous drive that was the start of the fight th.it 
finished things for our contem])orary of the House of Hohenzollern. 




OIK TRAIN AT BAZOII.LES 
STATION' 



^^'^^II Bask Hospital FoHT^"-SIx 79 

Tlu- coii\o\s c'oiitiiiucd to (oiiic. Tlurc were periods wlirii the arrivil 
of j)ati(_'nts were at aii\- time, day or iii<ilit. ami tlit re \v;rc periods when 
tlu'V seemed to iie\tr stop. litre. I miiflit say sometliiiii!,- that is ii(> 
idh- Hatterw \\''lieiie\(r ther,- was any work to do the men of t'lc 
enlisted jxrsonn. I were always on the joh; merely ;i word or sugt>'estioii 
that siu'h and sueli was to he done was sufficient. And it is a pleasure 
to sav that at no time was it e\ cr necessary to keep ;i eheck on what 
men were on the job when the rush of convoys and patients were tre- 
mendous. The men of Base No. Ki knew where there was important 
work to he done, that it iiad to he done, and they were only too j^'larl to 
he there, with the goods, when it came to taking care of the men from 
Chateau-Thierry. St. .Mihiel. or the Argoime. 

There are so manv things that should he written ahout the ditterenc 
phta.ses of the detachment, that it is hard to know where to Ixgin anfl 
where to end. ^Ou ha\f the life in the village, the men at their work in 
the manv (lepartn)ents. the men as individuals, and what not. Hut tnis 
article wants to bring out in addition to a brief resume of the way 
the unit arri\fd o\ersea.s, the various characteristics of the men. so 
that when \()U sit down with the youngster and in the years to eonv 
\ou ma\' hear a name and from that you may relate an entire evening's 
\arn .about this man or that. 

liase Hos|)ital No. 1() has at present for its bugler a roly-poly ya)) 
b\- the name of I)onle\\'. who answers to the name of Don. W hen Don 
isn't waking us up with his infernal rev.eilles and calls for this or that, 
he's writing poetry. Don writes for all state e\ents. such as Thanks- 
gi\ing. Nurses' 'I'e.a i'ights. and other such gatiurings. And .ilthough 
usiialh' these epics bring tears to the eyes, the parodies and cracks -".i; 
tile different men in the (htaehment are far from ordinary. I believe 
that I will steal a little of Don s thunder and. although I don't propose 
to write a set of hrics. I'm going to ask you if you recall anything 
.about certain in(ii\ iduals th.at lui about to mention. 

\i)[i c.an ha\c xour setting anvwhere xou like, but for reasons ob\ ious. 
the logical plai'c is where evcrylxxh' is sure to be foniui. namely the 
mess hall. Speaking of messes, I ne\ cr rtall\- understood why they 
called it uiess, until I saw old Shagren .and Hughes i at their first meal. 
Old Moonfaced Perkins has alwa\s made the meals seem like the real 
.irticle so th.at we alwa\s speak of going to breakfast, or lunch oi" 
dinner, and rarely to mess. IJul one day I happened to gl.ince .at little 
I'.Ncrctt Hughes, and then almost in the same breath at Sergeant I'irst 
Class Sha.gren. Header, did vou e\ cr go into Dayton s I).air\- l.unch 



80 On Active Servicp: 

Room in Portland and hapijcn to trv to fight flhows with some of the 
rivet boilermakers that cluster there around ti :()() a. m.? Well, you can 
then thoroughly appreciate friends Hughes and Shagren. These men 
will go down as immortals in the archives of Base Hospital No. i^» 
as the most i)owerful contenders for the (ilutton Tro])hy. 

And while we are on the subject of Hughes and Shagren, Inc., lee 
me introduce to you Sergeant Hughes' other job, that of first violinist 
of the Bazoilles Symphony Orchestra. The reason he got the ])ositioit 
was because where there are orchestras there is also f(>dder. 

I have had an awful time with first sergeants since the unit was 
organized. First they gave me a chemist. Well, you know chemists are 
like doctors and architects, very good scouts socially, very skilh-d in 
their own line, but terribly hard to keep track of. You know how a 
l)hysician's office used to look like in the old days before he had a girl 
to keep the ])lace spruced up? You know how sweetly she could say to 
you, "Why, Dr. Jones is out now, won't you make an ai)pointment for," 
and so forth. Well, little Richard John Werner, of Esparto. O. A. C. 
Oregon City, and Minnesota was just like that. Always when seven 
majors, two colonels, and a hundred enlisted men were looking for him, 
one would find him calmly sipping chocolate with a pretty little auburn 
haired luirse in a ward. Either that or making divinity fudge in an- 
other. And then his corres))ondence. But, I'm afraid that if I say to<^ 
much. I'll get Richard in wrong with some of the nurses so I'll ring 
off. All joking aside, Richard is surely to be congratulated upon the 
way he won the confidence of the men from the start. It was a distinct 
pleasure to take an order from him. It was almost enjoyable to get u)» 
and stand reveille just to see that smile. And now as an officer in the 
Sanitary Corjis. and as Detachment Commander, he is serving in th-^ 
same happy capacity and in this case it is as well the man as the uni- 
form we salute. 

When Dick became a lieutenant, the powers presented me with a 
new top kicker, that was formerly chairman of welcome at the unit's 
convalescent camp. Art House had had the difficult job of handling ths; 
multitude of men that were passed the ward and bed stage, and readv 
to navigate a bit. But not ready to return to duty. He handled this 
well, and in return when the camp was evacuated, shortly after the 
armistice, Arthur was elected to the Chocolate Drinkers' Union, and 
became the first sergeant. Arthur handled the position long held by 
smiling Dick, extremely well, through the period when we were all 
prone to relax and start the query about "Wlhen do we go home?' 
Shortlv before Christmas Sergeant House departed on a furlough to 



With Base Hospital Fortv-Six 



81 



Soutlurn I'"raii('c and Serjeant ]-Mrst ("l.iss ("laud McCarty was slat^'ci 
to fill tilt' job. "Mc' is a soldier in all the word implies, a man of fo'ir 
jirevious enlistments, and with the vast knowledg'e of the different 
wavs, means, and by-laws of the service. To get aetjuainted with "M-' ' 
is liy no means easy at first, but after you know him. you'll find him to 
be the best-hearted, cleverest individual you could imagine. "Me" 
hails from Kentucky .ind his knowledge of wh.at a gentleman refiuires 
is in kee()ing with his army knowledge. You cant hear a man in th- 
unit that hasn't the highest regard for him. and between you and un- 
I'm glad to see the lanky Wyoming-Kentueki.in given a chance to 
show them how to run a detachment. Anyhow I vv had quite a time 
with my toj) cutters, but personally I've h.ad a greater sorrow thati 
th.'it. I should ha\c l)een given the o])portunity of showing my ability 
by being allowed to take my little tyj^ewriter in one j)aw, a service 
record in the other, and dash madly over the top under heavy sliel' 
fire. The to))s would never allow this, so hence J'xc never gone A. W . 
O. I,.; that is. to any great extent. 

One of the remarkable groups of men we have with ns is that set 
who a})parently have considerable quantity of lead in their pockets 
These gentlemen, who are very few in number, for which the detach- 
ment office thanks all the Saints and anyone else concerned, have the 
most skillful means of evading the issue by calmly getting sick. King 
of this clul) is the famous (rlickerman C'udlipp. Doc was a dentist in 
ei\ilian life, but in accordance with most of his tribe, can do little else 
but ))ull tcv'tli. Doc has guarded the royal destrover. h;is acted as 




Left— M;\iii Street of BM/i)illes. Center — Airplane. .Snapshnt froii 
Kiirlit — Boolie ^ris()ner.•^ Mar<'liinsr to Mess 



82 On Active Service 

orderly, but when placed on general fatigue work, he immediately 
resorted to the sacred silence of the wards and therein with his field 
medical card, reposed for weeks at a time in bed. comfortably wonder 
ing why he was in the army. Second only to Doe C'udli))]) comes Danit 1 
F. McEwen. "Mc" has the difficult job of doing nothing all day but 
make up a solution for dressings. He usually gets that done for th-j 
day by 9:15 a. m.. and of course that gives him time to spend with tlu 
nurses, and plan where he can tour to after dinner. You see, wi 
wouldn't have noticed it so much, but "Mc" had a distinct hatred for 
reveille, and so we inquired into the nature of his hite liours. and heijce 
the deep truth. There are others, but we don't want to be too cynical, 
because no matter how famous some of these gentlemen are, they are 
really blamed good scouts, so you hate to tell everybody about their 
army career. 

Oh, we have the greatest collection of men you ever saw. "Soapy 
(tus,'' who runs the clothing department with the able assistance of the 
Weils, and the Munsons, and the Blackjacks. We have that fellow 
Johnson, who, when not standing guard over the coveted chocolate pot. 
is guarding the fudge output during his strenuous rounds of the wards. 
We have the wild and rabid Bolsheviks, mainly composed of Raymond, 
Washington, the medical blockery, where you right for supplies ranging 
from potassium sulphate to a scratch pad ; the guard house, where tl:e 
wicked A. W. O. L'ers are held, and where the Durham flows most 
freely as well as aqua fortis, whether it be fro.n Horse Newman or 
Puss Greene; and we have the registrar with K. O. \\'atkins wandering 
around tr3'ing to find out why Keeler hasn't done all his work as well 
as his own. And we have further, the Cuckoo Shop, witii all the many 
cooks, eating their tenderloins, while we ate the bully beef, with the 
funny little Millers, the operatic Troglia, the billiken Higgason. We 
have Kimzey, who deals in death, and then tells you in the next breath 
the latest gossip of the center; and the quartermaster with its riftee?) 
non coins and lU) work to do. And Forbes Thes|)ian Orr. the \A'easel 
Greenwood, Bill Nimes Smith, The Rice Eating Jaj) Thomas, Willie 
Tiller, Toothless Jerry C'arnathan, and many others. It's a great 
bunch, a happy one, and an interesting one. 

Now that you've had a few names thrown at you. reader, old scout, 
there's one man that ought to have an entire story by himself, and 
that is Hospital Sergeant Jay Russell Coffey. All friends of Base No. 
Hi Know him and ail the men are familiar with his smiling face, and 
knov/ tiiat the work and success of the unit are onlv second to th-it of 



^^'ITl^ Hash 1 losi'ir a i, I'Ok ^^ Six 



8.S 



I.itiiti ii;;iit Colonel Yciiiuy. Most of the incii know. too. that it wr-a 
CoH'cv who worked from the sun.nier of 1 !) I 7 to the day of niobiliza,- 
li.)ii on the affairs of the nnit. and it was throujih him that the miit 
secured .such eiiiciency in organization, develoi)ment. and results. Up 
until the time that sickness forced Sergeant Coffey to leave the unit in 
October. 1})1S. he was the presiding genius oxtr the \arious de))art- 
meiits. and he not onl\- knew the thirty or so de])artments that he helped 
develo)), hut he continued to know them. It was to he regretted tha: 
Cotf'cv could not return to the States with us as an oflieer. for hi.s work 
thoroughh demonstrated him to he of that ealiher. 

Now then, reader. gi\e the old daxcnport a punch, throw the ciga- 
rette butt in the fire, and forget liazoilles, forget the mud, and dirt, 
aiul the fuiniy little ])laccs in the village. Forget the things you didn't 
like to do o\ er there in I'rance. get up and stretch. ])ick up the phone 
and call up The .Multiu)niah. and reserve a table for you and little 
friend wife. Take her down there, enjoy a regular feed, dance a little, 
.and drink a toast in loganberry Juice to the old detachment of Base 
Ho.spital No. K). You see. reader, it's 1920 something now. and the 
war is all history, and in concluding 1 11 simply say, as our friend 
K. C. H. does, 



•1 THANK YOU. ' 



SERCiT. FIRST CLASS W.M. 1). FKNTON 




WINIKK .'^CF.NK HA/Oll ,1 ,K.S VAI.I.EV 



84 



On Active Service 




ADJUTANT'S OFFICE 

HE otiifc of tile Adjutant is tlu- oftiot- least known to thr 
hulk of the j)frsoniicl within the hospital, and the only 
one known outside the hospital at G. H. Q. Througl'. 
this office passes all the executive business of the organi- 
zation, and in this office most of it starts. Anyone who 
has the least idea of the volume of correspondence it takes to run an 
army hospital, knows that this means a great deal of work. Often th< 
typewriters have been clicking and the telephone ringing in the 
Adjutant's office between taps and reveille when the barracks lights 
were out and all good soldiers were in. 

To the man who came to this office with a bit of official business, the 
little room seemed bathed in harmony and traiKjuility, and few there 
were who realized that the apparent calm was rather the tense stillness 
of the storm center. The Adjutant's office, be it known, besides being 
the clearing house for all official business, was the official shock-absorber 
of the unit. All troubles, whatever their nature, found a natural resting 
place there. Whether a convalescent Highlander in kilts tried to drink 
up all the cognac in Bazoilles. or a French maid left the dishes un- 
washed to go promenading in the moonlight, or the night nurse i i 
Ward No. 8 found that there was no wood for the stove or a tired 
soldier went to sleep at his post — or whate\t'r the difficulty was — it 
was straightened out in the Adjutant's office. 

When Base Ki moved into France and settled down, temporarily, on 
the wrong side of the Meuse, the office force consisted of Cai)tain Dille- 
hunt. Adjutant; Jay Coffey, Sergeant-Major ; Sergeants Shujje anri 
Goldsmith aiul ('or])oral Richardson, general utility men; aiul Privates 




':m^^^^ 




>%M 



ADMlMSlKA HON HL'l 1,1)1 \(i 



With Bask Hospital Forty-Six 85 

"Dukr Doiikas and "Hohlur ' Hriiikcr. orderlies, 'riiiiijis hegaii lia)' 
peiiino- inmu'diatelv, among the first of tlieni lieiiio- the removal of " K) ' 
to its ))ernianeiit (|uarters. As usual tli;' Adjutant's ortice liad to 
straighten things out and diseo\er why the men were ex))ected to leave 
e\cr\'thing spick and span \\hile the hrooms were under lock and ke\' 

Shortly after tlii' re-estahlishmenl was accomplished. Lieutenant 
Frank Steiner. S. ('.. relieved Captain Dillehunt as Adjutant. Liv-utcn- 
ant Steiner l)rouglit to the oHice the rough-and-ready ettieieiicy of I- 
years of army lifi-. during which time he had served in C'uha. the Phil- 
ippines, nnd Mexico, and in the ottice of the Chief Surgeon of th." 
Western l)e])artment. in San I'rancisco. His practical knowledge and 
ability were of innneasurahle assistance to the imit during its "rooky ' 
period in France. His (juiek-action erticiency can Ixst he siiown bv .•; 
typical episode. 

"l^crk Perkins, the mess sergeant, awoke one inorning to the realiza 
tion that the hos])ital had outgrown its kitchen, and through the proper 
military channels he sought two more stoves wherewith to cook for 
1 ()()() hungry patients. The mess department was unable to do anything 
about it. The (Quartermaster was helpless. The Medical Department 
said the unit had received its quota of stoves. So in desperation "Perk ' 
ap])ealed to Lieutenant Steiner. 

"I'm going to look into the matter." said the Adjutant. The next 
day a truck backed u|) to the kitchen and dropped off two full-size 
army ranges. 

The original enlisted personnel of the shock-absorber ottice contiinu'd 
until early October, when ,)ay Coffey, the first Sergeant-Major of the 
unit, was put through S. C. J). ])roeec dings ami sent home to reeu])erate. 
The "fin" bacillus and the enteritis bug. combined with the chill, damj) 
weather of a French autunm in the \'osges. ])roved too much for him 
.and he was unable to keep it U}). It was a sad blow to Coffey to be 
obliged to gi\f up the work. He had devoted himself to it. without 
compensation, from the time Base Hospital Ki ga\-e its first erv and 
looked up in the doctor's face, and it was an e(|ually sad blow to the 
men he left in I''ranee to continue the work he had started. 

\ irgil ."^hupe. who had iieen made a Sergeant while on the hi<i-h 
seas, and a Sergeant, b'irst Class, in August, succeeded to Coffey's 
position, and conducted the office with an aliility that won him the rank 
of Hospital Sergeant within a month. 

"Herb" Goldsmith distinguished himself from the first b\- an un- 
canny familiarity with all the general orders and special orders, and 



86 On AcTivK Skrvic E 

inciiioranda, and hulletiii.s from G. H. Q. His ability as a sourct- ot" 
gfiKTal inforinatioii. and his j)ost of vantagt^ near the door made 
"Herb" the recijiient of thousands of foolisli (luestions. whicli taxed his 
sanny di.s))osition to the utmost. 

Paul Richardson, the little corporal of the place, hatl two special 
jobs. He was the official librarian and the night watchman. When 
he was not doing anything else, he could check u]) the books in the 
case, and at night he had to slcc]) with the tele])hone at his elbow. It 
was upon his ability to wake up when the bell rang that the safety 
of the unit de})ended. theoretically, when warning of an air raid was 
received at the center, and it was his pleasant duty to wake the hospital 
up wlien a convoy arrived. 

To Brinker, Doukas. and later Mclntyre. the orderlies, falls the 
credit for delivering the precious and voluminous paper work of Base 
Ki safely in the proper hands at Hosjiital Center. A. P. (). Xo. T.'^l. 
Only once in the history of the unit, did documents seriously go astray, 
and that wasn't the fault of the orderlies. 

"The "gone but not forgotten" consisted of a box containing all the 
precious letters written to and from Base Ki between the first stages 
of its inception to the time of its departure from Cam)) Lewis. From 
Camp Lewis to Camp Merritt, thence to Liverpool, and thence to Soutli- 
ampton. the precious box was never out of sight of its guardians. But 
when the little channel steamer arrived at Cherbourg, it was gone, 
and what is more, it is still A. W. O. L. unless Sergeant Shu])e has 
dro])ped it as a deserter. The loss was irreparable, but what a bless- 
ing in disguise it proved to the office force ! From that time on, when- 
ever an ancient document was wanted innnediatelv and was not to be 
found. Goldsmith would lean over his desk, fix the inquiring officer 
with a sorrowful eye and reply. "I beg your pardon, sir, but it was 
in the box that <>-ot lost." 



With Bask Hospital Fortv-Six 



87 




THE REGISTRARS OFFKK 

HF RF{iLSTRAR'S office of a base hospital is the- place 
wli.rc all tlir records ot" the j^atients are kept. To the 
uninitiated, this definition may suggest a lot of drv 
hookkeeping. hut in }^ase K) the work was far from 
that. There was never a more vital and interesting set 
of records ke])t anywhere, and the men of the registrar's office will tell 
you so. Incidt>ntally, General Information had his headquarters here, 
and the answer was always ready for such (juestions as the number of 
days spent in the hosjiital by a chlorine-gas patient, the death rate of 
])ncunioni.i. or Private John Johnson's identification number and middle 
initial. 

When Base Hospital l(j imaded I'raiiee and mired down, so to speak, 
at A. P. (). ~M. the registr.'ir's office was given to C'a]>tain Otis B. 
^^'ight (now Major) to do with as he saw fit. Much of the crerlit for 
the work of this office is due to the original Registrar. It was he who 
organized the system, assigned each man to his task, and then did 
most of the work himself until the system ran uiuh'r its own power. 

In the small hours of the morning when Forty-six received its first 
historic eonxoy of ))atients. the work of making a clinical record for 
each ]),itient was done liy Capt/iin Wight and Private Stelsel. "Garrv" 
pounded the typewriter, and the ('ai)tain dictated to him. This was the 
situation in the earl\- davs when the Reoistrar himself was the onlv 




.^,; 



I'KK.>^()NNF.I.— KKC^.ISTKARS OFFICE 



S8 Ox Active Service 

man in tlir ottirr who fully unck-rstood the (litifrt-ncc between "tacliy- 
eardia" and "t'raetured tibia. " 

The work of the otfiec was first of all organized into four distinct 
departments: statistics, siek-and-wounded records, evacuations, and 
S. C. D. proceedings. William Irvine, Sergeant First Class, was 
placed in charge and entrusted with a general supervision and co- 
ordination of all departments. .lohn Samuel was given the statistical 
department, with Westering as his assistant. Sergeant Watkins and 
Stelsel took care of the "S. and W." Keeler, as connnander of the 
evacuation department, was responsible for getting patients out of the 
hospital when an empty train pulled into the center, or word was 
flashed over the wires that there was room for a few hundred medical 
or surgical cases at some hospital center farther back behind the lines. 
Stinson was told off to kee]) track of the doings of the S. C. I), board. 

Gradually the men in each department learned their own branch 
of the work, and the office began to run like a good machine. Irvine, 
1)\- nature an instructor and systeniatizer, was expecting a call to 
other fields where lie could have another "rookie" unit to break in, 
and trained Watkins as his successor. Samuel and Westering learned 
all the forms of their dej^artment by heart. Stelsel became such a 
wizard at diagnosis and "S. and ^^^" work in general that he could 
write the worst jaw-breakers in the medical dictionary without looking 
at the keys, and could even tell what some of the long words meant. 
Keeler learned to slip ^200 patients out of the hospital on twenty 
minutes' notice, ^^'llen the order specified a certain number each of 
"sitters ' and "litters." he always made the lunnber come out right, if 
he liad to take a convalescent's clothes away from him and send him 
out on a streteiier. Stinson learned to put a ])atient tln-ough disability 
proceedings without even hurting his feelings, and in short, the 
registrar's office was running so smoothly in a short time that a convoy 
of 300 ])atients at 2 o'clock in the morning was a mere ripple in the 
stream. 

^^'lten everything was going nicely. Captain Wight was succeeded by 
Lieutenant Frank Steiner, S. C., who was also Adjutant of the hos- 
pital. Irvine was transferred to Langres and soon thereafter became a 
Second Fieutenant, S. C, and Watkins became the non-com. in charge. 
Stelsel took full charge of the "S. and W.," Fred \Mnte was added to 
the office force as his assistant, and Wayne ^^'illiams was drafted into 
the statistical department as filing clerk. 



With Base Hospitai. Forty-Six 



SI) 



As the routiiii' settled down .•ii;aiii under the new arrauiic incuts, the, 
Anierieau drixt-s at St. .Mihiel and \'erdun started. an(] tlie Argonne 
Wood began to take its toll, lousiness at Bazoilles grew by lea])s antl 
Iieunds The surgery ran night and day. the mess di-partnient served 
jueals at all hours, the hospital was tilled, emptied, and filled again in 
rapid succession, and the registrar's office came in for its full share 
of tile work. In these strenuous times there were few hours for sleep 
between events, and none for recreation, but the office force kept up 
i-'omeliow. as did the rest of the unit, and the work did not suffer. If 
the war hadn't been called off. though, thev would ha\f had to build 
another room fOr the records. 

They were all "regular t'ellows." this gang of the registrar's office. 
Tliey had this in eonunon with the rest of the American Armw that thev 
e.^uld work hard, and at the same time enjoy life to the full limit of 
llie regulations. Their spirits ne\ cr lagged, even when the pressure 
Avas the highest. That thiir work was good is shown b\' the f/iet that 
of all the ~)7 Aarieties of forms and reports the\- turned out dailv. 
weekly and monthly, none ever came back from (i. H. (^.. or tht; 
Chief Surgeon s office. 

It was re})orted from the Hos])ital Center that Hase [6 turned out 
the best pa])er work in .\. I*. (). 7'>1. ."ind as good work as any hospital 
in the A. E. I*. He that as it may. tlu' fact remains that the efficiency 
of the registrar s office was u|) to the standard of Hase Hos])itaI No. I(i. 
It was some standard, too. 




HOSl'TTAI. STREET 



90 



On Active Service 



RECEIVING AND EVACUATIXG DEPARTMENT 

RECEIVING OFFICER 

Auriiri! S. Uosentei.i). First l,t., M. C. 

STAFF OF EXA.MIXIXC; PHYSICIAN'S 

Otto Koch, :\lMJor, :M. C. Austin Wood, First Lt., M. C. 

Lawrence Selling, Capt., M. C. Hartley Mars, First I.t., M. C. 

John T. Daves, First I.t., M. C. 

ENLISTED FERSONXEI. 



Bert J. Rosenthal, Sgt., First Cla> 
Vincent J. Collins, C])l. 
Irving Olson, Pvt., First Class 



Fred .M. Franklin, Pvt., First Clds- 
John A. Cleaienson, Pvt., First Class 
Leo H. Creenwood, Pvt., First Class 




EC"EI\ IN(> and tvacuatino- patients in an army liospital 
of two tl'.ousaiid bcd.s })rcsciits a problem far different 
from that of civil hospitals. In the latter, patients arc 
admita'd singly or in small gronps ; in the former, they 
come in by the luindreds and must be handled quickly 
and accurately. Our first efforts in establishing this dejiartmcnt were 
directed towards a survey of the buildings and equipment allotted to 
u.s, and toward mapping out on paper diagrammatically, a scheme that 
we thought would meet the emergency. As is usual in such cases, how- 
ever, the theoretical situation does not measure up to the practical 
needs, and so we were destined to learn by cxjiericnce wherein the 
mistakes lav. 



In general, cases reached the hospital in tlnv e ways. I'amely: (1) by 
hospital trains; (-2) by motor ambulance convoy, and (,'?) as "casuals." 
The distribution and apportioning of patients to the various hospitals 
of our group was directed from a central evacuation office. This office 
also designated one hospital which was to act as admitting hospital for 
local cases on each day of the week. The hosjiital trains which brought 
patients from the advanced evacuation and field hos]iitals generally 
had a capacity of four to six hundred patients, depending upon the 
type of case; that is, whether "sitters" or "litters." Upon arrival at 
the center, the patients were detrained from the car wards by an un- 
loading detail comjirised of a quota of men from each hospital in the 
center. The motor ambulances and trucks of the Motor Transport 
Cor]is were waiting at the station and immediately began the haul 
to the hospitals designated for receiving patients. As soon as an 



A\ ITH Bask Hosimtal Forty-Six 



91 





1. Sitting Patients. 2. Shower Baths. 3. Ainbuhuice Convoy. -1. Stretcher Patients. 
3. Sitting Patient.s .\rrivinK at Reteivin? Ward. 6. Sitters Lcaviiijr 



92 On Active Service 

ambulaiicf had nnptied its load at the rccfiving ward it was re- 
t-quipped with litters and blankets to re]>lace those taken with the 
patients and sent back for another load. 

.Motor ambulance convoys were nuich smaller than hospital train 
convovs and were used to bring i)atients from nearby camps and 
hospitals. They averaged about fifteen ambulances carrying fifty to 
sixtv patients. "Casuals" came to us in single ambulances or on foot 
and consisted chiefly of men from nearby billets or from organizations 
moving up to the front and passing through our camp. 

To handle })atients in the receiving department a permanent staff 
was used, consisting of five examining officers and five of the personnel. 
In addition, the detachment office was asked to supply us with a detail 
of twenty to sixty men depending on the size of the convoy and the 
lunnber of litter cases. Notice of the arrival of a convoy was given 
bv the bugle call "Assembly," at which signal our entire detail reported 
at the receiving ward. As far as possible, each man was given the 
same assignment for each convoy, so as to facilitate the smooth and 
careful handling of the patients. Each man's post, however trivial, 
was a cog in the machinery which, if clogged, upset the entire 
mechanism. 

Our plans called for the separate handling of "sitters" and "litters." 
The "sitter" cases came up in large truck loads of thirty or more 
and were admitted at the far end of the building. They were regist- 
ered, undressed, examined, difi'erentiated as to their underlying condi- 
tions and as to the ])resence or absence of "cooties," deloused, if nec- 
essary, assigned to wards, bathed and clothed in fresh hospital gar- 
ments. Tlieir clothes were put in sacks, labelled, sent to the "Cootie 
Kitchen" for sterilizing and later put in the clothing and efi'ccts 
building in separate bins. Most of this work was done in the bath house 
whicli was joined to the receiving ward by a covered runway. As the 
men passed through this runway, they were registered and given a 
serial number. It was arranged so that a steady procession of patients 
entered at one end of the building and left at the other, whence they 
were conducted to the wards. 

The "litter" cases were unloaded from the ambulances at the near 
end of the building and placed in long rows on the floors. No attempt 
was made to undress or bathe these patients in the receiving ward, as 
tlu'V represented the more seriously wounded, sick, and gassed. They 
were registered, examined and assigned to wards. If they had "cooties," 
thev were carried into the bath house, unless too sick, and placed, lit- 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 93 

ters and all, upon specially constructed delousing tables where they 
received the same treatment as the walking cases. Having been dif- 
ferentiated in the receiving ward, the litter cases were immediately 
carried to the wards by teams of litter bearers wlio worked in rotation. 
Tliese patients received bed baths in the wards. 

Xo description of a receiving ward in the A. K. V. could j^ossibly 
be complete without a few words on "cooties." To allow tlu-m to get 
by on jiatients or on clothes as we learned by bitter experience, was 
disastrous to tlie hospital morali'. for "cooties" are very impartial in 
their affinities be it "doughboy, ' medical officer, nurse, or personnel. 
Quite a few of our most respected citizens will testify to tliis. For 
this reason, an unduly large part of the space in the bath house was 
given over to the "delousing" department. Six specially built smooth- 
topped sloping affairs served as operating tables. Here our staff of 
ex|)ert barbers exerted their tonsorial skill. After a thorough course in 
tin ir gentle iiiinistrations, the ])atients left the tfibles. "sadder but 
cleani'v men." 

On July I!), liase Hospital 1() moved into its new location across 
the river from the original site. Four days later and before our prepa- 
rations were completed, the first convoy of patients arrived. It came 
at midnight and comprised two hundred and fifty severely wounded 
and gassed patients from the Chateau Thierry drive. Inasnuicli as our 
showers were not yet ready, little could be done other than diff"eren- 
tiating the patients into medical or surgical and clean or infested with 
vermin. This convoy w;is the most instructive of all for it brought to 
the surface most of the defects and weak points of the receiving rou- 
tine. When the next convoy arrived seven days later, it found us fairly 
well prepared, wliich was very fortunate, for on this oeeasion, we re- 
ceived five hundred and twenty jiatients in one afternoon, a high water 
mark which we never equalled again. These patients went to the wards 
clean. After these two convoys, we continued to receive ))atients from 
the Chateau Thierry region until on August 12, we were ordered to 
evacuate the hospital as completely as possible. As we learned later, 
this was in ;inticipation of the casualties from the St. Mihiel drive. 
On August 28. with seventy ])atients in the hospital, we reached the 
low-water mark of our activities. The influx from the St. ■Nlihiel drive 
consisted of five convoys whicli brought the census up to six hundred 
and seventy-eight on September 19. Then followed the Argonne fight 
and the activities about Verdun, which brought us nineteen convoys 
and gave us our maxinuim number of patients on October 19, when we 
had fifteen hundred aiul forty-four in the hospital. 



94t On Active Service 

The evacuation of patients was also a function of the receiving vizard. 
Patients left the hospital also as "sitters" and "litters." Those able to 
walk were brought to the ward and loaded on trucks which carried 
them down to the central evacuating office at the station, f'or the litter 
cases, the ambulances were driven direct to the ward doors and the 
patients, who had already been placed on stretcliL-rs in the wards, were 
carried out and loaded directly on the cars. Patients were generally 
sent out very early in the morning, but it often happened later in the 
day and just as we were in the process of receiving patients. For 
instance, on October 8, we received 223 patients and evacuated 211 
and on September 30, we received 177 and evacuated 228. These days 
were trying ones for the personnel and at night there were many 
aching limbs from the continuous stretcher lifting. 

A third function of the receiving department was the transfer of 
patients from ward to ward in the hospital. 

During the heighth of our activities the number of transfers was 
very considerable and added much to our difficulties on receiving and 
evacuating days. By handling all these three functions through one 
central agency, however, the keeping of an accurate census for the 
wards, tents and entire hospital was greatly facilitated. A system of 
ward clocks or dials in our office enabled us at any time of day or 
night to give an exact census of each ward and the entire hospital at 
a minute's notice. This one invention saved us a tremendous amount 
of work and worry. 

The attached chart of the number of patients in the hospital during 
the days of fighting, upon which we functioned, shows only the daily 
increase in the census, the increments being merely the difference 
between the number received and evacuated on that day. It happened 
often that we received two and three convoys in twenty-four hours. 

This particular department of war hospital administration is one 
of unusual interest despite the various difficulties that arise. It calls 
for the closest cooperation of staff and personnel and this cooperation 
was at no time lacking in Base Hospital 16. 

Arthur S. Rosenfeld, First Lt.. 'SI. C. 



With li \sk Hospitai, l'(»Hr\-Six 



95 



■ 090 T 




"jgr.StiV I 



90 



On Active Service 




HANDS OFF! 

HE FIRST thing that iiu-t o\\v\ trazv as he entered the 
office of the Evacuating Uepartment of Base Hospital 
K). was not the extravagant fixtures or the numerous 
jiigeon holes, but an arrangement of several dials similar 
to those in the large railway stations, showing the 
schedule of the arrival and departure of trains. On either side were 
two large persuasive signs, "Hands Off!" These signs were not posted 
for merely the scenic effect, but any violation of them was sure to 
produce a barrage of ink wells, books, and fire-wood b}^ the personnel 
of the office as well as a few hours of feverish work readjusting the 
delicate mechanism which gave the exact ward census of tlie entire 
hospital as to patients and vacant beds. 

Back in the historic and eventful days of tlie Chateau Thierrv drive, 
when Base Hospital K) was striving to learn liow to run a svstematic 
liospital. install medical fixtures, and take care of the rapidly arriving 
wounded, the Receiving De])artment discovered that its work was not 
finished after tlie patients had passed from its realm of classification 
and body sterilization to a clean wliite bed in a ward. It was dis- 
covered that it was of greatest importance to know at all times the 
exact census of every ward in the liospital, since all patients were class- 
ified in the receiving ward, and dispatched from there to their respec- 
tive beds. Again it was necessary to know after the last patient of a 
convoy had passed through the Receiving Dejiartment, the exact num- 
ber of vacant beds in each ward, in case we were immediately deluged 
with another influx of wounded Yanks, which occurred not a few times. 
Our method of receiving and evacuating out-going patients was so 
systematized that we could tell the exact number assigned to or sent out 
from the individual wards, and all the tedious army paper work con- 
cerning them, but the evolving of a tabulator for the ever-changing 
ward census jiresented a more difficult ))roblriii. 

After it had been decided to centralize the transportation of all 
])atients in the receiving ward, that is, their admission, evacuation, 
transfer from ward to ward, thereby giving the Evacuation Depart- 
ment complete control of the movement of ))atients, we were able to 
evolve tabulators that would give us the desired information — namely, 
a complete census of the wards at any minute of the day. They 
were merely simple affairs, based on the first principles of arithmetic, 
addition and subtraction, so arranged that when they read thirty-three 
j^atients, they also showed seventeen vacant beds (each ward had fifty 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 97 

l)C(ls). Tlu'v consisted of l;ca\(r lioard hacks, wliicli nearly cost the 
personnel courtinartial in stealing this precious inat;rial from the 
vaults of the quartermaster, eardhoard dials, and many hours of me- 
chanical drawing. Upon a stationary sijuarc piece of heaver hoard, 
there were mounted two circles of figures to read from one to tift\\ 
The outer circle read (). where the corresponding numhcr on the inner 
circle read If), and so on up to .)() to complete the circle. Upon this was 
u^ounted a circular cardboard dial with two stjuare o))enings to desig- 
nate the jiarticular units on the circles desired "^ a])))ear. For each 
ward in the hos])ital. we constructed such a dial, and also one enlarged 
clock as a total census tabulator, as well as a check on the individual 
clocks. As has been explained, the evaeuati< ii utHce controlled the move- 
ment of all p;itients. so it w;is only a (piestion of care and accur;ic\- in 
regulating the dials that we were always in possession of an exact 
ward census of every ])atient in the hospital. 

One of the most usual amusing incidents was our daily battle with 
the morning report of the \arious wards. F.ach ward was required to 
hand in ,'i report showing the number of ])atients and vacant beds at 
7:00 a. m. These were used to check the clocks in case some patients 
were admitted, discharged, or transferred without going through the 
regular hospital channels. At it turned out. the clocks were more de- 
pendable than the reports, and after several tangles, the receiving office 
became a haunting ghost to the nurses who made out the reports. After 
they had polit 'ly explained to us how they knew how manv patients 
were in their wards, and that they were running the paper work in 
their wards, and a few other sarcastic slams, wi' would ))olitely show 
where a certain ])atient had be;ii aduntted or discharged, which always 
brought forth a sheepish smile, and an ajiology that the day nurse 
had forgotten to enter him in the register book. \\\- soon won a repu- 
tation, and were .-ilways greeted with, "^^'ell. whit's tlie trouble now?" 

However, we are pleased to mention that several base hospitals 
copied this system of ward census, and we ho|)e that thev had as much 
.satisfaction in the use of this mechanism as J3ase Hospital W. 

BkHT J. ROSKNTHAI,, .Sot.. First (l.iss 



98 



On Active Service 




\Vrrii 15 ASK Hdsi'iTAi. I-'ohtv-Six 



99 




SU RGI C AI. DK P A HT .M K X T 

UK SLRCilCAL DKPARTMKXT of IJasc Hos])itaI 
No. Ki, received between July -2.S and December 1.), 
1918, 'il^^ cases. From this number (rH) were o])erated 
upon in tills hospital. The cases received first eanie from 
tJc Chateau Thierry salient, unexpectedly and al- 
most bt fore the hosjiital was ])ro))erly organized for the care of such 
a considerable number of ])atients. The bulk of our early p;itients 
were necessarilv medical, due to our hack of e(juipment for surgical 
work. Howe\;r. after the first week in August we were properly 
e(|uippe,i for any emergency; and the pro[)ortion of the surgical cases 
increased, until during the month of October, we were rec'ii\ iiig an 
a\'erage of .'> I new surgical easts daily. 

^^'e were always somewhat li.!ndiea|)pcd by the lack of personnel 
and the absence of ten officers who were on the surgical teams. The 
officers, nurses and enlisted men are deserving of the greatest credit 
i'or the harmonv and willingness with which they Avorked. 

The work was \ aried des])ite tln' attem])t that had l).en made at the 
center hcachjuarters to assign special cases to each hospital of the 
grou]). Base Hospital No. K) having been designated as the center for 
neurological surgery and ophthalmology: however, we received twenty 
abdominal cases, over one hundred and twenty-five fractures, and fifty- 
one chest eases. The neurological eases, including the |)iripheral 
ncrxc injuries, numbered o\(r one huiulred and fifty. 

Owing to till' fact that this hospital was used as an exaeuation base. 
only the more srriously wounded were kept for an\- considerable time. 

In looking oxer the records which we have of our work, we find that 
they did not show the time and amotmt of work expended n])on tlie 
patients. \\[. we all ha\c a feeling of ])ride for the work which has 
been performed. ;ind no soldier left the hospital who did not receive 
the verv best that we had. 



MAJOR T. -M. JOYCE 



100 



On Active Service 




OPERATING TEA:SI'S FIRST EXPERIENCE 

HORTLY after tlie arrival of Base Hospital No. K) at 
Bazoilles, orders vi^ere received from chief of the con- 
sultants' office at Neufchateau for the formation of 
surgical teams, consisting of an operator, an assistant, 
and an anesthetist, either a nurse or officer; two nurses 
and two enlisted men, the object of these teams being that they 
could be called without delay and sent to the area where surgical work 
was neded most urgently. Three such teams were organized from this 
hosjiital. known as Teams Nos. 77, 78 and 79. 

Very shortly the tliree operating surgeons were ordered to Evacu- 
ation Hospital No. 1, located a short distance north of Toul. for 
observation of the war surgery being performed there, the duration of 
the stay to be two weeks. These three officers reported and s]ient two 
days on duty when orders were received for their immediate return 
to the Base. U])on arrival at the Base we were at a loss to account for 
our sudden return, when Colonel Keller, director of the professional 
service, arrived and ordered these three teams with their e(jui])ment to 
be readv to move in an hour. 

With two teams from Base Hos))ital No. 12, and six teams from 
Mobile C])erating Unit No. 1, we left Bazoilles with orders to report 
to the Chief Surgeon of the First Army Corps. These teams traveled 
in twelve autos and one truck, the leading chauffeur having the only 
ma}) and his object appeared to be to leave the remaining cars far 
behind. After running about three hours we arri\-ed at St. Dizier, 
where, after much pleading, we obtained diinier and then started again 
for our destination. Soon darkness came and in this zone lights were 
forbidden, yet this did not seem to lessen the speed with which we 
traveled. One machiiu- had engine trouble, stopped, and in repairing 
the lights were turned on. Almost immediately a Boehe was overhead 
and dropi)ed a bomb which landed a few hundred yards from the car. 
Needless to sav, the lights were extinguished and this car was run 
without the fan which had caused the delay. 

The dust was frightful and while this convoy was jjassing a French 
supply train, our leading machine and a French truck collided, locking 
wheels. The dust and darkness added to the confusion, the three 
following machines telescoping, and there was immediately a mass of 
wreckage with gasoline spilled over everything. Several were thrown 



With Bask Hospital Forty-Six 101 

from the cars, hut t sc-apcd willi no inorr serious injury than a fV'W 
seal}) wounds, caused hy hrokrn ghiss, and bruised linihs. Lieutenant 
Mars had the most severe injury and we were obli<>;ed to lea\c liini at 
the first hospital we reached on the followiuii- morninj:,- and he returned 
home about ten days later. After clearino; the wreckag'e, the j)arty 
doubled up and proceeded, leaving four otKeers and four enlisted men 
to l)e ))ieked up by the truck which was followinu,'. 

Arriving at the IMrst Army Head(]uart;'rs al)out t :()() a. m.. we 
r(])orted to the Chief Surgeon, who ordered that we proceed to Crejjv 
and report to tlic l)i\ ision Surgion of the First Division. Reacliing 
there .about 1():()0 a. m.. we had our first sight of the destruction caused 
hv war. This town was the American railhead and we can i'ully con- 
<irm the report that there w;is not a single building that did not show 
signs of either air liomlis or shelling. Our convoy was there divided, 
some going to the I^'irst Division and some to tlu' Second Division, 
which was liolding the northwest end of the sector; the three teams 
from Base Hospital No. 1-6 going together to I'"ield Hospital No. l'-2, 
I'irst Division, at Pierrefonds. 

^^'e arrived there alout 1:0(1 p. m.. and were al)out ten kilometers 
behind the firing line. The sight that greeted us, none will e\tr forget. 
Aljout I.jOO woujuled men on stretchers all about the grounds in the 
shade of the immense chateau, and surgical teams working in twenty- 
hour shifts. We were very welcome indeed and were advised to rest, as 
at 7 :.'>() p. m. we were to report, relieving the greatly overworked teams 
then on duty. The length of the shift was established at 1 '2 hours. We 
remained with this organization for eight days, seeing some of the most 
terrible conditions caused b\- war. We were visited nightly by Boche 
airmen, bombing the roads and truck trains which were passing within 
fifty yards of our operating rooms. The ])Iastcr. ceiling and ))art of 
the roof ot tiie sleeping (piarters of two of our nurses were wrecked. 
I'ortunately they were on dut\ at that time. Only the men severely 
wounded were treated at this hospital, the remainder being transferred 
back to e\acuatiou hospit.ils and hospital trains to be taken to the 
base hospitals. Wf had Americans. l<"rencli. British and ;\ considerable 
number of Boche passed through this hospital each day. 

\\ hen the Division was relieved we were ordered to return home, but 
whib' en route, recei\cd orders to report to different organizations: 
Team Xo. 77 to a hospital at \'erdelot. with the Third Division; Team 
No. 7S to Ch.ite.iu Thierry, with the Twenty-eighth Division; Team 
Xo. 79 to ev.acu.-ition hospit.al ;it C'ouloumiiers. The work ;ind experi- 



102 On Active Skhvk e 

eiice at these places was a re{)etiti()n of the former. The teams re- 
maiiu'd witli these hospitals, moving with them as the army advanced, 
until the American Army was withdrawn from this sector and moved 
to the St. Mihiel salient. All were given a short rest and then, with 
some slight rearrangements the teams were again ordered out to 
field dntv. 



HISTORY OF SURCilC'AL TKAM NO. 77 

ORDERS came September 9 for this team to ])roceed to tlie St. 
Mihiel front. After considerabh' journey we arrived at our desti- 
nation. Aulnois. and reported to Mohih' Hospital .'!J). This unit was 
from Yale Medical School and we wrre most fortunate in being as- 
signed to it. We were located about three kilometers from (ounnercy, 
and directly behind Montsec. Naturally, such a location spelled excite- 
ment and we heard the famous barrage which ))receded the drive upon 
it. Our surgical activities at this assignment were directed toward 
caring for the wounded from this advance. The hill following this 
battle entailed for us a period of inactivity, until we were sent to 
Mobile Hospital No. ') at Rampont on September Si, arriving there 
in time for the Argonne drive. During tliis ])eriod M-e were located 
about six kilometers behind Mt. Faucon aiu! Mort H'Omme. a sight 
replete with interest, excitement and hard work. After the signing of 
the armistice, work naturally slackened, until on November '2^2 we 
received orders to return to Bast- Ho.s])it;il No. 1(). 



tea:\i no. 78 



THE beginning of this article finds us in Paris. aft;r our work at 
Pierfonds. Here the teams se))arated and we received orders to 
proceed to La Ferte-sous-Jouarre. We s))ent the niglit there and the 
next day were taken by automobile to Chateau Thierry. This town 
had been occu])ied by the Germans only a week before and we had a 
chance to observe the results of the accurate firing of the American 
artillery. 

We were taken to Field Hospital No. i\2. which three days before, 
had taken possession of a large hospital building. This had been used 
by the French before the war, and, in turn, by the Germans during 
their stay here. We were surprised to learn that the Germans had 
left it in good condition, beds, operating tables and other equipment, 



With H \sf. Hospital I'oinv-Hix ]()3 

just .'IS they t'oiiiul tliciii. I even ohscrvtd a larnr slock ol' \aliial)lf 
(lru<>s in the l),nscin(iit. Tliis hospital was cxtrcnich- laisy. 

^^'(■ shart'd the work here with two other teams, iiiidt r heller eoiuli- 
tions th.-iii we t'oiiiu] in aii\' other field or e\;u'uation hospilal. It was 
like working' in a modern snrycrw asepsis heiiii;' carefnlh' ol)ser\'ed. 

.Vs in all othei' field li()s|)itals. oid\' serious casis were operated on: 
all others lieinji' e\aen,ated further back. Our cases consisted |)rincipally 
of penetrating and perforating wounds of the head, chesl and .ibdomen. 
a series of abdominal cases being < specialh- interesting. 'I'hese cases. 
of c-oursc, could not l)e evacuated for four or i'lvv days, which ga\c us 
an op|)ortunit\' to observe them. 

Our working shift was twehe hours. l)ut often operating was 
especially ]iea\ y so we put in sixteen or eighteen hours. 

During this time, the (lermans were being driven back rapidlv. 
ri'tjuiring the amlxilances to make longer tri])s each dav. As time was 
essential the con-.manding otticer decided to move nearer the front. \\'e 
left Chateau Thierry on the morning of August 1 'J and arrived at our 
new location, just beyoiul the village of Coen. aiiout noon. Tents were 
erected in a surprising manner, which reminded me of a circus, and 
everything was completed by night. Wr l)egan receiving ])atients and 
operating at once. It was cpiit ■ a cliangt' from our well e(|uipped sur- 
gery to a tent. One te.am had been sent back. l)ut later we were joined 
l)y two other ttams. Due to our advanced ])osition. patients were re- 
ceived who had been wounded only two or three hours before, hav iny; 
))assed through the first aid sl,-ilions. some of which were within three 
([uarlers of a mile. 

I'p to this time, we had experienced few air raids. i)oth at Pierre- 
fonds and at Chateau Thierry, but here we were to receive sonu' real 
thrills. Air raids were connnon occurrences, as well as gas alarms, so 
the only light allowed al night was a gas affair, directlv over the 
o])erating table, carefully screened l)y blankets, (ias .alarms were 
souiuied almost every night liy means of bells and whistles when 
operating was suspended and gas masks adjusted. Operating with a 
gas mask was very unsatisfactorv. 

The nurses at these times were very brave and went aliout their work 
as it unconscious of dro])))ing bomks or poison gas. 

The night of .\ugi!st '2.'!. we experienced the most severe and con- 
tinuous air raid of our trip. Practically .all night the Hoclie planes 



lot On Active Service 

were abo\c us. Often we eould liear the liiiin of four or five at the same 
time. Flaslies of dropping bombs could be seen in all directions. One 
plane, passing directly over us, so low as to be seen cjuite distinctly, 
drojjped two lombs within fifty feet of our tents whicli, fortunately, 
did not exjjlode. We learned next day that this was due to the low 
altitude of the plane, the bombs not receiving enough momentum to 
cause an cxj^losion. The nurses were taken into ea\(s and cellars in 
the \illage. Thi- officers had their choice between these ])laces and 
hales about two feet deep, which we had dug in our tents. These holes 
were good protection, except in case of a direct hit. 

On August "is a battery of artillery took up its position on a hill 
directly behind us and shortly tlie (iermans liatl their range and were 
sending ovvv shells. Those which fell short, struck inu-omfortably 
near us. 

Because of this severe shelling, the teams were sent back to the 
town of Fere-en-Tardenois, where we were (juartered with Field Hos- 
))ital No. 1 1 1 for two days, then returned to our base. 

On September ':iS. I was ordered to K\aeuatiou Hospital No. (). at 
Souilly, .south of \'erdun, to relieve Captain Maeomber. who was in 
charge of Surgical Team No. 71'. Here I found a well-organized and 
very efficiently-conducted hospital. Fight surgical teams were on 
duty here. 

\\\)Uiuled were being received here fro n the Argonne and other 
sectors in wliieh the Americans were fighting. These cases consisted 
of injuries of less serious nature than those handled in field hospitals. 
Much of the operating was for the removal of bullets and ])ieces of 
shrapnel. A splint team aided greatly in the handling of fr;ieture 
cases. 

During the period of two months. o\er SO.OOO cases passed through 
this hospital, medical and surgical. Over ().()()() were operated on. 'I'his 
hospital received a citation for its good work. \\\- left Souilly Novem- 
ber 16 for Base Hospital No. Ki. 



SURCHCAF TEAM NO. 79 

THFS team left Bazoilles on duly "29, by ai to, togetlur with similar 
groups from the \arious hospitals comprising the center at that 
time. The trip that carried them to Pierrefonds, near Soissons. will 
ever be remembered by all making it. At Pierrefonds. they were at- 
taclied to Field Hospital No. l^i. First Division, and had the first 
experience at war surgery, and it is im])ossible to describe their memory 



With Base Hospital Foutv-Six 



105 



pictures of til.' .scenes tliat !j,reeU(l tlit in. It was at tins place that tliey 
first realized what the "fear of nioonli<>'lit" meant. After the with- 
drawal of the I'"irst Division, the team was ordered to Paris and en- 
joyed a sta\- there of three days. 

On the twent\' ninth a short trip was made 1)\' rail to Coulonnniers, 
where the learn was attached to 1*">\ acuation Hospital No. 7. This was 
a \fr\- l)us\- orii'ani/alion and the work was such that undir dale of 
Se])teml)er !•. the coniniander-in-clMef ga\f them :\ citation, oi* com- 
mendation, in (ieneral Orders, h'.ach meml)>r of the learn was <)i\(n 
a certified copy oi' the order and probably \alues it as his best war 
sou\ cnir. 

On Auii'usl !). Tcim ~[) reported to l*"\aeualioii Hospital No. () at 
Chateau Thiirry. Here the work was very liyht and on .\n<iiist I}). 
the\- m()\ ed with this hospital to C'hatenois. At this place tliey were 
billeted amonj^' the l<"rench people ;ind were treated \-ery cordially. 
I'rom Chatenois. the ori>'.ini/alion was uio\ ed to Souilly. takiny o\ cr 
an old hrencli hospital well ( (iuip])ed and \cry co nfort.able. 

liefore the St. .Mihiel drisc. the nearness of W rdun and other his- 
torit' ])oints ya\c the members of the team a c'hance for sii;ht-seeinir. 
Dnriiiii' the dri\e about St. .Mihiel. the Ariionne .'ind alony the .\Ieuse 
there was no letup in the work until the armistic<' was sijrned. Oi' 
September -J!) Captain .Macombi r returned to the base. Captain I'.dwin 
\y. .Morse takinii' his place. On No\ ember 1."), ortlers came t'rom Team 
.No. 7J' to return to its base. As ;ill roads lead throuii'h Paris. llie\' 
enjoyed a t<S-liour st.ny there before returninii' to Ha/oilles. 

This team was detached from Base Hospital No. i() from Julv !!> 
until the end of the war and all were <jlad to return to their parent 
ori>'ani/atioii. after a mixture of hardships and ])!. asures durini!,- that 
time. 




HOCHK WOINDKI) AM) .IIST OFF flO.-^l'Il Al. TKAIN 



]06 On Active Service 

OPERATING ROOM IX AX EVACUATIOX HOSPITAL 

WAR furnishes few greatei- contrasts than that hftwcni the opcrat- 
ino- room of an ui)-to-datf civil hos])ital and that of an evacua- 
tion liospital working under tlie pressure of a drive. Of course, sucli 
an ojierating room may be set up anywhere — in a cliateau or a liotel. or 
out in a wheat field. The one I ha\ c in mind was in a long ti'ut with 
improvised wooden flooring. To get the full contrast, pay it a visit 
after midnight. You must ])ick your way out to it carefully through 
the pitcln' hlackness, otherwise you may stumble on some wounded 
man on a litter i)laced on the ground waiting his turn. You enter. ])ush- 
ing aside the blanket wliich prevents the esca])e of any light. Tlie 
glaring light from many electric bulbs is blinding at first, but after 
••i while, details become clearer. There are fourteen operating tables 
placed crosswise and on each is a prone figure in khaki. Around 
seven of these are strangely clad grou])s. scarcely recognizable as 
doctors and luirses. All the white gowns and sheets and other para- 
phernalia of modern aseptic surgery are lacking. The surgeon works 
with a towel wra])ped about his head — sleeves rolled u]) — rubber 
apron protecting his clothes — rubber gloves on his h.inds. ^^'ork is being 
started at one point and finished at another. The litt.'r-bearers are 
constantly moving u]) and down tlie narrow aisle bringing in fresh 
wounded or taking operated cases to the tent wards. The surgeon 
finishes an operation and while his assistant ])uts on the dressing, he 
stumbles over to a bench for a few jnifls of a cigarette and a moment's 
rest. At the same time he dictates his re|)ort to the official scribe. 
Meanwhile, another case is being anaesthetized and the assistant, hav- 
ing a]>])lied the dressing, a cry goes up for "Litter-bearers." These 
men work in twelve-hour shifts and wlien it is realized that an average 
of twenty-four o})erations are performed by each "team" in that 
length of time, some idea of the strain under which the work is turned 
out may be ajjpreciated. 

OX JULY 7, Lieutenants Ciarret Lee Hynsoii and Ir\ing M. 
Lu])ton were ordered to re])ort to Pase Hospital Xo. 1 ."i at 
C'haumont. after having been at Pazoilles with Pase Hospital Xo. K) 
only a week. The trij) was made by ambulance and upon arrival they 
reported for assignment to a surgical team. They were assigned to 
Casual Operating Team No. 17 under couunand of ('a])tain H. K. 
Shawan. who had come to P'rance with the first Americans and who had 
unlimited experience in war surgery. The team was composed of three 
medical officers, two nurses and two enlisted men. \\'ithin three days 



W iTii Uask Hospital I'Okty-Hix 107 

tlu-y were ordered to (icrardincr, \'()sof.s. a Ixaiiti f ul little town iitar 
the Swiss border wliieli in peaee times was a famous sinnmer resort. 
Tliey were attached to the I'it'tli l)i\isioii. 'I'hey at once took eliar<>;e of 
a hospital loeated in the Hotel (hi Lae. Two weeks later the I'ifth 
Division nio\cd north and th;- team proceeded to St. Die ;iiid took over 
the St. diaries hospital. This was a J'rench e\acuation hospital and 
was located three and one half kilometers from the a;l\anei(l line. The 
V. ork here consisted of i>Mvinjr surgical attention to l:oth .Vmerican and 
I'rench soldiers and also to those of the remaining cixiliaus in the 
\icinity. During the sta\- at this station the "I'rappell .^how" took 
place. Some '..'OO cases were operated uj)on by t'ae team within 7"-i hours 
as the result of this fight. 

'I'he Di\ision then went into rest and the tiam proceeded to l'"Jo\"es, 
after being at St. Die for six weeks, brom here Ihev mo\td to Bren\- 
encourt an() thence to St. (ierniain. where two .veeks were s])ent. At 
this point the mirses were sent to Ton), whili' the team was attaclied 
to Field Hospital No. 17 of the b'ifth Sanitar\- Train. Thev were 
then .sent to St. Ktienne, where all excess baggage was disi)osed of, and 
they marched with the Fifth b)ivision to Donievre. ^fartincourt and St. 
Jean, where a first aid station was erected. Orders from the Division 
Surgeon ))rohibited any operating on accoinit of the advanced position 
of the team. At I 1 o'clock the night of Se])tember 1 1 the opening- 
barrage of the St. .Mihiel offensive started and from then on. during the 
duration of the drive, they continued to give first aid. .\s the advance 
])rogressed the dressing station moved on. so the termination of the 
offensive found them just outside Pont-a-.Mousson. 

b'rom here they were sent to Kxacuation Hospital No. I at Sebasto- 
])ol for .a re^t and the first bath in weeks. The nurses joined them 
here and the team |)roceeded to .Mobile Hosjntal No. .-) at Ravine les 
i'laeys on the W-rdun front. This hospital was under the command 
of Colonel Crile. Wounded from the Argoime Forest fight were sent 
to this hosjjital and Surgical Team Xio. 17 operated only on chest 
and abdominal wounds. At this station Lieutenant Lu])ton and Litn- 
teiiant Hynson were both put in charge of surgical teams. Lieutenant 
Hynson being sent to Fvacuation Hospital No. t. Lieutenant Lupton 
remaining with Mobile Operating Unit No. ."). 

On November 1 t they were ordered to report again to C'haumont 
and from there were sent back to Base 16 after an absence of over 
five months. 



108 On Active Service 

I WAS dt'taclu'd from Base Hospital No. K) ,fuly 7. 1J)1S. on orders, 
to General Htadcjuarters at C'hauaiont. where I was assigned to 
Surgical Team No. l(i. Our team was ordered to Evacuation Hospital 
No. 7 at Coulommiers, where we remained during the Chateau Thierry 
drive. The latter ])art of August we moved, with Evacu/ition Hospital 
No, 7, to Souilly and continued with this hospital during the St. 
Mihiel drive and until October lo during the lattle of the Argonne. 
On October 15 we were ordered to Evacuation Hos])ital No. 1,) at 
Cxloriux, just outside of Verdun, where we remained until after the 
signing of the armistice. I returned to Base Hospital No. K) Novem- 
ber 28. 1918. Our team averaged 25 operations daily. 

BENJAMIN W. McKENZIE. First Lieutenant, M. C. 



THE United States Army Medical ('or])s organized a course of 
instruction at the central laboratory in Dijou to train medical men 
in the important work of resusitating seriously wounded men who had 
suffered severe hemorrhage and exposure. It was my good fortune 
to be detailed for this course which consisted largelv in work in blood 
transfusion. After completion of the course our team was ordered on 
September .'5, 1918, to proceed to Evacuation Hospital No. 7 at Souilly 
for duty. The team arrived at its destination on September () and was 
assigned to a ward of twenty beds for shock cases only. We received 
our first cases from the Argonne drive. At once we were called upon 
to use all the various methods of coml)ating "shock." that we had 
learned, theoretically, in the special course; namely, blood transfusion, 
artificial heat, intravenous injections and the use of stimulants. Our 
work continued with slight interrii))tion until November (). 1918. when 
we were ordered to return to our base. 

During this period we had cared for 515 cases and performed '20 
transfusions. 

JESSE R. PATTON, First Lieutenant, M. C. 



With Bask Hospital Forty-Six 



\09 



DEPARTMFAT Ol IXTERXAI. MKDICIXE 

Majok Will. jam S. Knox, Chief of Medical Staft' 
Cai'tain I.AtiiKNCi: Ski.i.inc, neiiartinont of Xcur()Ioi>\- 



.Major Otto Koch 
Major J. H. ■Johnson 
^Nlajor ,1. T. Uohison 
('a|)t. Arthuf .McCowii 



I.t. ("liarh-s Sciil 



I,t. Arthnr Xosciifcld 

I.t. B. \V. McK<-n/,ir 

I,t. Harry Kin;:- 

I.t. N'clson {•'razici- 




RO.M JULY -';; to Decfinlxr \^>. i!)lS. 117!) paticnt.s 
ad i)asst'd throiio-li the medical wards of Base Hos- 
pital Xo. Ki. This mnnber rejjivsents almost entirely 
c.ises of u;as poisoniiig. iiiflueii/a. ])neuni()ni.i and dyscn- 
terv. .M iseellaneous conditions, raiigiiiii' from intestinal 
|)arasites to atropine poisoniii"; have occasionally been encountered, 
out the\- represi nt a very small ))ercentau;e of the whole. 

The first eoiuoy on .Inly 'J.'! arri\-ed not oiilv before the hospital 
was adetiuateh' e(]ui])ped. but also before there had been an oppor- 
tunity to org-.aiii/e the st.aH. Coinino- from Chateau Thierry, it con- 
sisted mainly of patients yassed with Phosgene and to a lesser degree 
liunifd with the so-called "Mustard (ias." U)) to August 1. there were 
kS.S cases, practically all gas poisoning, being cared for in the medical 
wards. The treatment of these patients was purely symptomatic and 
on the whole far from satisfactory. Some developed seeondar\- ))neu- 
monia, a com])lication which ])roved almost one hundred per cent 
fatal. ^Vhile strictly s))eaking. mustard gas patients are to be classi- 
fied as surgical, the fact remains that a great many such were treated 
in medical wards. These included some of the most distressing eases 
with which the iiospital has had to deal. The pain and discomfort 
were intense; the weatlier \ cry hot and the |)atit nts' sufferings were 
further augmented by grt;it swarms of Hies which infested the entire 
camp. .Material with which to screen windows was unobtainable. About 
this time, one of the staff". Lieutenant Louis .^L■lngan. impressed with 
the ineffectiveness of the method then in vogue for treating mustard 
burns, devised a scheme wiiieh consisted in merely injecting and re- 
injecting a simple alkaline solution into the blister. The result was 
truly remarkable and there can be no (juestion that the suffering of 
many patients was not only reduced a hundred fold, but that lives 
were actuallv sa\cd. It is to be reirretted that the efforts of Lt. Col. 



1 1 



On Activf, Servu e 



\y. R. Davis to liavr this iiK-tliod thoroughly investigated and tried 
out at various base and evaeuation liospitals met witli no success. 

During the month of August 6'99 patients were admitted, inchiding 
fewer gas cases, but more dysentery. Efforts to recover the B. dysen- 
teriae were unsuccessful, due probably to the fact that the patients 
had been ill for the greater part of a week before coming to us. This 
would coincide with the experience of others that to recover tlie causa- 
tive organism of tliis disease the case must be subjected to bacteriolo- 
gical examination immediately after onset. Fortunately, the mortality 
was low. there b.eing no death from non-complicated dysentery and 
the majority of all cases being returned to duty after an average hos- 
]>ital stay of about ten days. 

Nine hundred eightv-one and oiu' thousand seven hundred and fiftv- 




MKDK'AI, WAKDr 



With Base Hospital Fohty-Six 111 

two cases were received diirin<>; the months of September and October, 
resjiectivelv. Earlv in Se))tember the prevalence of influenza took a 
sharj) rise and as the epidemic increased, more and more frecjuently it 
was complicated bv l)roiieho-pneumonia. A double ward. No. 'i'i. was 
given over to the e\clusi\e m;inagement of tliis disease and its death 
rate exceeded all others of the h()s])ital combined. Many cases re- 
ceived by convoy died witliiii forty-eiii'iit hours of aduiissioii. The 
disease was absolutely atypical, both as to its clinical I'eatures and its 
associate bacteriology. The last named was made the subject of a 
careful study by ^lajor Robert I>. Benson, chief ol" the labor.atory. 
and will undoubtedly be included in his re))ort of the work of tiiat 
department, l-'rom a clinical standpoint, the di.sease was charactt'rized 
by the vagueness of the ))hysical signs, which often did not defi- 
nitely re\e;il themsehes for days after the general ))icture of the 
patient plainly indicated his true condition. An earl\- manifestation 
was that of delirium, a tendency to get out of bed and a general rest- 
less ness most difficult to manage. In this connection, the writer wishes 
to especially comment on the faithfulness, tact and skill displayed 
by the head nurses, Miss Louise O. Summers, Miss Elizabeth Free- 
man. Miss Lilli.an Oleson and the ward master. Private (). Nelson. 
During the two months of September and October 1 1 J) cases of 
pneumonia were admitted with 71 deaths, a mortality of M) ])er cent. 
'I'hc .aNtrage mortality from this disease for all months is slightly 
o\fr to per cent. 

The isolation ward has been conducted under the superx ision of 
.M/ijor Otto Koch. To this tent were not oidy .admitted the xarious 
exanthemata for observation, but most of the dermatological cases as 
well. The ward was conducted in a manner that reflects great credit 
on the officer in charge. 

The foregoing is a resume of the Department of Medicine. While 
officially known as Base Hospital No. Ki. the institution, because of 
its relative proximity to the fiighting line has been used as an evacua- 
tion hospital rather th,-in as a base. So great was the urgency for 
getting the ])atients in and out that extended observation and study 
of patients has been im])()ssible. This with other facts has militated 
against the fultillnient of certain ambitions held before the institution 
functioned as an independent unit. Notwithstanding this, however, it 
is believed that the work to which Base Hospital No. U) was assigned 
lias liccn eouunendabh- performed. 



112 On Active Service 

THE DISABILITY BOARD 

^g®^ HE CHIEF fuiH'tion of the iiiilitary li()s])ital, as of the 
j"cS civil hospital, is the care and treatment of patients. It 
must return the greatest possihle numher of men to 
j^^^^J^^%i full (lutv in the least ])ossil)le time. But in the nature 
of things it is imjiossihle that all who enter a hospital 
he returned to full duty, and a man who has lost a leg may be medic- 
allv cured, hut he can no longer fight, so it becomes a secondary 
function of such a hospital to reclassify the cases coming under its 
care, so that tiiose no longer fit for front line work or full duty with 
their organizations, may be assigned to such service as they arc capalile 
of giving. This is the ))uri)ose of the Disability Board. 

The duties of the board in Base Hospital Hi were not heavy. Acting 
rather as an evacuation liospital than a base, the majority of the sick 
and wounded had to he sent on down the line as soon as they were 
transjiortable, and transportation axailalile. They could not l)e held 
until cured, and generally cases are not reclassified until it can be 
d L'finitL'ly determined in what class they belong. 

Those cases whieii do come Itefore the hoard are grou])ed accord- 
ing to army regulations into four classes: 

Class A — Physically fit. Ready for full duty with their organi- 
zation. 

Class B — Unfit for full duty. Tins includes all cases which are 
capable of doing heavy work or light work of some sort in the rear. 
It includes only those whose disability is thought to be temporary, in 
whom complete recovery is expected within a few weeks or months. 
For example, a man who has been moderately gassed mav be ready 
for duty of some sort in a short time, but any hard work will bring 
on shortness of breath, palpitation of the heart and similar symj)- 
toms. He will be ])laced in Class B and given light work, with the 
expectation that after a few months he will again be ready for front 
line work. Accordingly, all Class B patients must come up for re- 
examination at stated intervals, and according to their ])hvsieal condi- 
tion at that time, are reclassified again. At any of these subsequent 
examinations he may be kept in Class B. or transferred to Class A if 
he is completely well, or to Class C if no further improvement seems 
likely. 

Class C — Permanently unfit for full duty. A man who has lost an 
arm cannot return to the front lines, but he can do light duties of a 
kind in the rear, and it is the princi])le of the army to keep such men 



^^ iTii Uasf, MnsriTAL FoRTV-SiX 



113 



in s(r\ ic-c. as hy so doino- >,()inr ni.in pliysicalK- fit is rdi astd Cor scrxici- 
at tlic trout. 

Class 1) — L'litit l"or any niilitary duty. Tlicst cases arc returned 
to tilt' United States as soon as possible. 

The Disability Hoard as first ap]>ointed .Vuy-ust (S. li)lS. consisted of 
.Major Charles .\. Betts. President; l'"irst Lieutenant .lacoh INarl and 
I'irst Lieutenant .\. S. Rosen feld. .\L C. After a few weeks. .\L'ijor 
Hctts aiul LieuN'uant I'carl were detaciied peruianenth- from Hase 
Ilospital t(). and a new hoard was ap|)()inted. consistiii"- of Ca])tain 
L. Sellini)'. Pr-sideiit; Ciptain Richard B. Dillehuiit. nieuiher. and 
Lieutenant \. S. Roseiifeld. Recorder. This board continued on duty 
until afti'r the armistice. Captain Dillehuiit was then detached from 
the unit and Captain 1',. I', /ieiiilman. M. ('.. was appointed in his 
i)Iace. 



X-R.\Y L.V1U)RAT()RV 




UK R()K.\ r(;K.\OLOGICAL Laboratory was estab- 
lished July 'J7. 1918. The trials .•md ditHcuIties which 
\vere encountered wi're. of course, much like those met 
in other departments. A 7 ' :_> K. \\ . interrupterle.ss 
transformer, with all the modern equipment to ijo with 
it. was at our disposal, but a current sufficient to successfulh- ojxrate 
this machine was inaccessible, so we were obliged to make use of the 
L. S. Army bedside unit. 'Phis m/u'liine. thoiiixh niueh smaller, has 
at all times |)ro\eii mvv satisfactor\' for the ordinarv lam of work. 
Some very good negatixts of the gastro-intestinal tra;t have e\i'n been 
obtained. 

.\s with other branches of photograjihy . a dark room is naturalh' 
an important part of an X-Ray Laboratory. Our dark room de\clo))ed 
\try early in its career the habit of admitting the sun's ra\s at times 
and in places most incoincnieiit for all concerned. 

\\ liile a majority of the work was done in the laboratorw manv of 
the cases were radiographed in the wards. This was espicialh' true 
in the fracture wards when the exposures were made with the patients 
in all conceivable |)ositions. Desirable jilates were obtained only after 
exercising a great deal of care and ingenuity. 

\[ times during and immediately following periods of great acti\ity 
at the fronts many wounded wi're received direct from the dressing 
stations. These men often coming through the receiving wards were 
brought to the laboratory. ])laced on the Huorosco]iic table and a 



114 On Activk Skkvu e 

gx'Ufral survcv of the patient iiiadf. W'lun foi ti<i,ii bodies were t'ound, 
thev were loe.alized. and tlie patient, with his radiographic report was 
then taken direct to tile operating room for surgical treatment. 

Tlu' localization of foreign bodies is perha|)s one of the most iu> 
portant advances made by the .Medical Department during the war. 
Fluoroscopy has been used for localization for some time, yet its 
tremendous importance was never realized by the profession and laity 
until large numbers of battle casualties had to he treated in a short 
space of time and rendered fit for further service. 

Many methods of localization are in use, yet the })rinciple upon 
wdiich they are founded is essentially the same. The subject to be 
examined is placed on a table in a room from which all light is ex- 
cluded. Beneath this is a box that can be pushed from one end to the 
other containing an X-Ray tube, ^^"hen the current is turned on, the 
rays are made to pass up through the bottom of the table and through 
the patient until they strike a fluoroscopic plate which becomes illumi- 
nated and shows the image or shadow of the part examined. The more 
dense the material the rays are made to penetrate, the darker the 
shadow; as, for example, muscle tissue would cause but a faint shadow, 
bone a much more dense one, .and a ))iece of metal, such as a bullet or 
shell fragment, which cut out all the r.ays. would project a still more 
distinct image. 

By rotating the ])art examined and tlu- use of certain rules of meas- 
urement, the exact location and dist.ance of the missle frt)m the sur- 
face can be readily determined. 

It can be seen even by the uninitiated that this exact means of 
locating the bullet is of inestimable vahu' to the surgeon in that it 
enables him to make his incision at the nearest point on the surface 
to the fragment, and thus greatly lessen the time of o})eration and 
the unnecessary injury to tissues. 

Over J, '^00 examinations ha\e been made in the lahor.atory of wliieh 
iOO were fluoroscopic (and 900 radiographic). There were liV2 foreign 
bodies localized, SiiO fractures of all types, 7<S chest cases and 17 cases 
involving the bones of the head and face radiographed ; 20 gastro- 
intestinal cases fluroscoped. 

DORWIX L. PA1..MKH. First Lieutenant, M. C. 



\\'iTn Bask Hcispital I'oktv-Six H;) 

EYE, EAR. NOSE AM) THROAT DEPARTMENT 

THE EYE, far. nose and throat (Icpartnitiit of Base Hospital l6 
was delayed in finishing its elinic more than the rest of the organi- 
zation. Almost any one will remember the zealous scramble for 
equipment during the tarly days of work for tlie first eonxoys. Wards 
held priority for earpenters. instruments had not come, and medieal 
su))plies were lacking. l"'or several weeks its clinic was minus walls 
and activity Mas partially inhibited. 

\\'()rk, however, was carried on at first in various wards ,is thor- 
oughlv as possible. Some ingenuity was exhibited in the fashioning 
of instruments from crude material and considerable effort was ex- 
))ended in securing drugs from neighboring towns. Soon a small clinic 
was started in a ward dressing room and with the arrixal of a few 
instruments, operating was begun. Most of this work concerned the 
ear, nose and throat, though injured and gassed eyes were trt'ated 
and relieved by the score. Fortunately at this time there haj)))ened to 
be a very great number of bed cases which could not attend a clinic. 

\\'ithin three weeks, however, the carpenters had made |)rogress 
and the department moved into the clinic building. The elinic on the 
first afternoon took care of some thirty patients and seldom since that 
time has it dropjxd lulow that number a day, often rising to between 
fifty and sixty. Kcniipment was soon secured for complete eye work, 
ade(juate both for refraction and treatment. Operations on tonsils, 
adenoids, and nose were carried on exteiisivelv until the frequency 
of convoys and the inunediate e\acuation made mueli of this impossible. 
Perhaps most interesting from the technical side were ear troubles due 
to concussion and shock at the front, as well as ni;iny fai'lal injuries 
invohing the throat and eye. It might not be amiss to state th;it at a 
general inspection, ludd .along in September, the de])artment was coai- 
mended for the ingenuity and ecoiuuny manifest in the arrangement 
and operation of its clinic. Howexcr. at least one-third of the work 
of the department was and is ))erformed outside the clinic. On the 
arrival of each convoy, new eye. ear. nose and throat cases, confined to 
bed^ were examined and treated in the \arious wards. On some occa- 
sions o))erating was necessary in the wards, especially in cases of eve 
injuries, where time counted definitely in the saving of x ision. 

About the time of the armistice a change took ))lace. The eve de- 
partment became the center for the hospitals of .\. P. O. 7.'5 1. The 
staH of this department was auganented conspicuously. 'T-'.ar. Xose 
••uul Throat" became a separate de))artnu'nt with an indepeiuient clinic. 
Tile work of hoth depart i.ents. liowt-\er. continued \igorouslv, e\-en 



116 On Active Service 

tlu)Ugli Iiostilitif.s liad Cfascd. Soklirrs still had need of g-lasses and 
the shop facilities for fitting them were bettered. Winter with its in- 
clement weather favored tronhles of the ear, nose and throat. With 
the slower proo;ress of evacuation an o])portnnity has again been 
realized for operative work, and many ])erson.-il cases, which had to 
wait because of the pressure heretofore, are now being attended to. 
Prom accurate records, which have been kept on each case, the original 
dei^artment and the "Kar, Nose and Throat." since the armistice, has 
handled some seventeen hundred cases and fullv expects to increase 
this lunnber before the Utopian orders finally roll in. 

HARRY M. BOUVY, Captain, M. C. 



thp: pharmacy 

WORK on room for the pharmacy was finally started July 'i(), 
1})1S. for it took much persuasion to get the (Quartermaster 
Department to detail the necessary carpenters to construct shelving 
and working counters. When these were finally completed, we had no 
smooth suitable surface for the compounding of the various ])harmacal 
substances. We finally located a P'renehman who was willing to 
exchange a small jjiece of linoleum for legal tender. Everything went 
smoothly then until Base t6 was designated as the eye clinic for the 
center. And it was uj) to the pharmacy to give uj) part of its space 
and be remodeled in order to })rovide the necessary room. This change 
was soon made and we were settled once more, and strange to say, we 
<'re still here. 

The greatest bugbear to our worthy officers was known as the 
"Metric System." The decimal ])oint re(juired ])resented many diffi- 
culties. Especially was this true during the hot sunnner days, when 
the flies were so numerous, for even a well-trained jiharmacist fre- 
quently had difficulty in differentiating between an ink dot and a fly 
speck and it was only by \igilant study of prescri|)tions that errors 
were avoided. 

In the A. E. F. the medical supply table was decidedly limited. The 
number of drugs allowed for the operation of a base hosjjital was 
ap))arently determined by a government clerk in the States who didn't 
believe in medicine, for very shortly our thriving business was largelv 
restricted to Epsom Salts, Castor Oil, Bismuth and Sodium Salicylate. 
Since the signing of the armistice, drugs have been more difficult to 
obtain than heretofore, and if orders do not come verv shortlv to 
leave Bazoilles, our entire stock for all kinds of )>rescri])tions will be 
])ractical]y limited to Mag. Sulph. 

Sergeant First Class John Seemann 



With Base Hospital Fohty-Six 



ir 



THE DENTAL DEPARTMENT 




HE DENTAL DEPARTMENT of this oriranization 
was ))erliaps the last to get into full swiiii!,-. due to iin- 
a\()i;iahl(' delays, lack of fcjuipmcnt. etc. 'I'lic ('(iiiipmcnt 
of this unit htforf having the States ineiuded two 
modern and eoni})lete deiit;il outfits, which. h()we\er. 
lia\t never r( nelied 15azoilles. The fate of this ((luipnient is not known, 
but it is rumored that "Old Man Salvage" of the S. O. S. has only 
recentlv established a dental clinic at lirest. where he limits his 
practice to the treatnunt of patients of no less rank than Colonels. 

It was not m\- fortune to be |)reseiit at the time Base Hospital No. 
1() reached its station <m the outskirts of Bazoilles. as delayed ordirs 
caused me to reach Hoboken ti\ e days after the sailing of the shi|) 
which carried the unit to the shores of "Sumiy" I'ranci'. \ia England. 
}L)wever. it was uw pleasure to join the outfit a month later. arri\ing 
at Bazoilles on ,lulv "i!* from lilois, where 1 was |)l;u'ed in safe 
kee])ing until such time as I could be trusted to travel alone to the 
rendezvous of l(). L'pon reaching my destination. I found our old 
friend Captain Persons, who was enthusiasm ])ersonified, saifl elation 
being caused by the knowledge that the dental clinic was so thorough 
and magnitie. iitly e(|uii)|)ed. 

Although the da\- was well spent. Captain Parsons insisted u])on 
an immediatt' ^•isit to the dental clinic in order that 1 might, without 
further delay join him in his extreme l!;i))pine';s. We walked from 
the station through the fertilized streets of Bazoilles to our objective. 
L pon reacliing the dental clinic. I was indeed in a reeeptixc mood, 
as I had been anticipating greatly the appearance of a well ecjuipped 
d'lital otfiee. 

.My expectation was short li\ed. ^Vith a show of gre/it pomp. 
Ca])tain Parsons produced a I'rench key 1 i inches long and unlocked 
a French lock weighing I I pounds and opened an American door of 
H\-e pounds — and at first sight of the ecjuipnui't I fainted. The out- 
fit consisted of one clock, one broom, and a pa:'king ease containing 
tweh'e gross, cups, paper, sanitarx' No. 1 I 

^^ bile we were sans e(iui))ment. we had \'er\- comfortable office 
(juarters until one bright uiorning in August we were notitii'd th;it it 
would be neces'-ary for us to moxc. in order to ))ermit the extension of 
the eye clinic. ociMipyiug a rooiu next to us. We then w,-nt into storage 
in a small room in an adjoining building. Our cloc-k. broom, and 
paper cups with a dental chair and several instrument closets, which 



118 



On Ac tivk Service 



we had managed to annex, were moved into this room and we en- 
trenclied ourselves hetween said artiek's, clearing enough floor space 
to accommodate a dental chair. W't- wer,' then in a ])osition to do 
emergency work. 

Our sojourn in tliis room was of several weeks' duration, hut we 
finally secured })ossession of a room wliieii was remodeled to suit our 
needs. This room was very satisfactory — in fact, all that one could 
ask, and the equipment was of the best. 

The clinic was operated along tlie lini's of a well ordered civil dental 
office. When a case presented, all possible attention was given to 
alleviate the sufferer and restore, as near as possible, the normal con- 
dition of the mouth. This could not always be done, as our "practice" 
was more or less transient. However, this was the goal toward which 
we were striving. 

This ends the contribution from tlic dental surgeons of Base Hos- 
pital No. 4-6. 

J. H. JOHXSOX, Captain, D. C. 




1. Supply Train. 2. Prisoners waiting for mess. 
3. Advance ariiard at mess liall. 



With 1V\sk Hostitai, I'ohtv-Six 



119 




THE MESS DEPARTMENT 

HK\ FORTY-SIX landed in Hazoillcs tlic organiza- 
tion was short aloiit niiir or ten cooks, so Sergeant 
Perkins sent ont a call for men witli experience or 
without to step in immediately and become accpiainted 
with the work before the hos])ital heeame rilled witli 
patients. About fourteen names besides my own were turned in. We 
went to work the day before our mirses arrixcd. 

Wv had no dishes with which to st r\ c them, so the persoiuiel was 
called upon to share their mess kits. \\'e thought the inirses would 
rind it hard to accustom themselves to the rude cafeteria systeni. but 
never a complaint was heard. 

We had a big moving day when we took o\ er another hospital 
near the rirst location. It was all completed without the loss or even 
delay of a single meal. 

Things wi-nt along fairly smoothly until the patients started coming 
in, then we struck a rougli stretch. The trouble was that it was an 
emergency and patients were .sent to us before we were readv for tluin. 
In less tlian two weeks we rccei\ed about a thousand patients. These 
men were really hungry. Several had not eaten for days and prac- 
tically all had h.ad insufticient food for the last two or thri'e weeks. 
Our kitchen was just ])artially e(|ui])])ed and we were exjiected to feed 
the patients and the persomul together. \\r had only four ranges 
and a limited number of copper boilers, which m.ade it necessary to 
limit our bill of f/ire to macaroni or "mulligan," and coffee, and to 
cook the food in relays. The ranges were ))acked all th(> time, 

I shall ne\-er forget how those hungry patients j/iuuued to get 
through the mess hall door when we unlocked it. "Slum" was |)rac- 
tically the only thing we could cook in suthcient (]uantitv to supph' 
their wants. We opened two mess halls and inunedi.ately a new dirii- 
culty arose. Patients began doubling up; that is, hurrying through one 
mess hall and drawing a second ration froui the otlier. At oiu' time 
wi' found al)out thirty doing this. An effort was made to sto)) this 
practice, but it proved to be very difricult. The ticket system did not 
))rove altogether satisfactory, but it lieli)ed a great deal. Wv main- 
tained it through all the crowded jjcriods. 

In the mess halls, i)atient help was used almost entirely. We drew 
men from the convalescent camp to do a round of K. P. Another 
difHculty aros(> here, for the ))atients thought that as patients they 
didn't have to work. It was easy to get them sent over to the kitchen, 
but it was anotlur thing to get them to do the work. 



120 



On Active Sekvhe 



W'lifii we cxac-uattcl the first coiuoy of patiiuts. things became 
easier, but when the second great influx started, our troubles began to 
pick U]). It wasn't (juite as bad this time because we were better pre- 
pared both in ecjuipment and organization, but at tliat there was 
])lenty to keep us working. 

During the summer we were continually running out of water and 
sometimes the water was shut off before we could draw enough to wash 
the dishes. In such cases we packed water in small boilers. At another 
time we ran out of soap, which was a dire calamity. Sackrider came 
to the rescue by making something he called soap and which helped us 
through tile enurgency. 

Wv did liave a time, though, wdien the cooks got sick during our 
rush period. How the food was cooked during this spell no one knows. 
It was then that tlie term "madhouse" was ap))lied to the ])atients' 
kitchen. 

The crowning event of our stay in l'"r.-ince was our 'riianksgiving 
dinner, whicii was a great success from one end to the other. By inces- 
sant work for a month before thr dinui'r, the department was able to 
gi\ f the ])ers()nn(l and the patients as good a meal as tliey could have 
had anvwiierc in I'ranee; iu)r did tlic eon\alescent entertainers spare 
anv time or work in ])re])aring the wonderful show tliey ))ut on. The 
dinner lasted from twelve noon until ;^ :()() p .m., and none of us will 
ever forget it. It was one of the most enjoyable events of our trip; an 
event that will always be remrmbcrcd as an offset to the troubles we 

""^""■''- A. M. CAPPS 




MKSS DKIArCllMI-.X I 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 



121 



MESS DKPAirr.MKXT OF BASF HOSIMTAF FORTY-SIX 

HFRF is a saying that t-vt-rytliiiig. no matter how small. 
^J must ha\c a starting ))oint. oven a base hospital mess. 




■-^W ^^'t• started \\:\y '•^J). with one baggage ear. two tiehl 
?x^^4 '^'^jrS T'lnges. one wagon load of gravel, three (1. I. cans and 
v Y^ ^^CO one roll of wire. \\v were told to go ahead and e<|ui|) 
this ear to handle two hundred and forty men. feed them well three 
times a day. The entire staff consisted of .Mess Oltieer Fieutenant 
Harry Blair. Mess Sergeant Perkins. Sergeant l)ury;a. and ten cooks, 
who started to make a first-class kitchen out of the ri\e ingredients 
nuntioned abo\t'. 

\\'e received our first supplies .\Fay .'!1 at S :.'!() ,i. m.. and left (amp 
Lewis at 1 :()() p. in. and, as befitted a Portland organization, our first 
meal was served while sjK'cding through that city. At Parma. Idaho, 
one of the best citizens i-ushed madl\- to the mess ear with a string of 
"weinies" for the boys, as he knew that eventually we would reach 
Citernian soil, so we should be prepared before hand. 

\\v arri\ed at Camp .\Frritt June '). expecting to find some modern 
conveniences; instead we found that we were better off on the train as 
far as kitchen e(iuipment was concerned. Our Chefs dc Fuxe upon 
their entry to the kitchen found one worn out range and four boilers 
.■md two G. I. cans. The dipartment was immediately initiated into 
the intricacies of the game called "beating the Q. M. ('.." or in other 
words, obtaining sui)plii's by dint of ])erseverance. ^^'hile here the 
cooks were hampered somewhat by having to stand fortv-two inspec- 
tions per day. including e(iuipnu-iit "C." 

finally, after six days of insi)ections, we started for Hoboken and 
there embarked on the good shij) Mi.ssaiiahic and mess officers' and 
sergeants' worries and cares were nil. Our next point of importance 
was Liverpool, Fngland, where we entrained for Southampton (so- 
called English rest camp). The "Cowherd" cam)) kitchen was ])laced 
at our dis})osal (also to about ^200 other trooj)s). This kitchen was 
designed to take care of about ;)()() men. However, the British rations 
were not so plentiful as to cause much congestion in the kitchen, but 
each man of our personnel managed to get several pieces of bacon, 
bread and marmalade during our two days' stay. 

The .Mess Department of " Mi" was not called on to function at 
Cherbourg, except to take on the travel rations for our three davs' 
trip from there to Bazoilles-sur-Meuse. Feeding the organization 
from Cherbourg to Bazoilles on the b'rench train was easv, the main 



122 On Active Service 

difficulty being to know when the train would stop long enough to 
distribute the hard-tack, bull3'-beef. and marmalade. Along the route 
we were served with coffee at our nunierous stops by the French and 
American Red Cross. We enjoyed our first regular meal at Is-sur- 
Tille. 

Upon arrival at our destination, we found kitchens and dining 
halls for personnel, officers, nurses and patients. Here our work be- 
gan in earnest ; a personnel mess was first equipped and put into 
operation. Our officers messed with a neighboring hospital pending 
the equipping and furnishing of their kitchen and mess. The person- 
nel mess was started and encountered serious difficulties in obtaining 
supplies. However, we furnished the boys with tlie best food that 
could be purchased at the Q. ]\I. C. After two weeks of this we were 
ordered to equip the patients' mess to handle the personnel and our 
long-looked-for nurses, wlio were expected to arrive at any time. The 
nurses arrived July 16", and owing to the shortage of chinaware, they 
were initiated into the art of wielding a mess kit. No sooner were 
things beginning to be straightened out in our first jilace of residence 
than we were told to move across the River Aleuse to our final location. 

It was then we received notice that patients would arrive "tout 
suite. " However, we were soon able to equip a patients' mess, person- 
nel mess, officers' mess and nurses' mess and also the diet kitclieii. 
The personnel mess was turned over to Sergeant Bashor, and, believe 
the boys of "4>6" or not, he put over a daily menu that was a credit to 
any kitchen and especially the army, as often there was none too much 
to work with. Sergeant Sackrider's capacity as a manager was quickly 
shown. There falls to the lot of a few in the army to take one can of 
beans, one can of corned "willy" and two pounds of coffee and then 
feed the string of 2()() luingry patients lined up outside the mess hall. 

The diet kitchen was superintended by Miss Gertrude Palmer, 
dietician, who came over with the nurses. By able management and 
hard work, she supplied the liquid, light and special diets to the sick 
and wounded boys. Her department took care of an average of 100 
diets a day. 

Our first patients arrived July 23, and the difficulties encountered 
in the patients' mess were many. Su]jplies suitable for the sick were 
very hard to obtain, the lack of proper variety, such essentials as fresh 
beef, flour, sugar, milk and potatoes were not to be had at our Q. M. 
C. However, the accommodating sergeant would inform us that there 
was a plentiful suj)ply of tooth paste, shaving cream and cigars. For 



U'lTH Hash Hosimtai, I'ohtv-Six 123 

instance, our first convoy canu- .S8() strong witli practically no notice. 
Our cooks worked all night preparing sandwicliL's and coffee for the 
half-starved men. From that time on it was a continual procession, 
one day receiving from 100 to (iOO ])atients, next day evacu/iting 2(H) 
to 300. A night crew was put on, which took care of all convoys arriv- 
ing at night, also feeding night nurses and ward men. The mess 
sergeants had to learn to "parlcz vous" to the extent of "ponnnes de 
terres," "oeufs," etc., the latter being usually at least $1 i)er dozen. 
Buying food in large quantities from the French markets was prac- 
tically impossible, the I'rench considering one a nnicii better customer 
who buvs only a few centimes' worth than a person who takes their 
entire stock. 

Our kitchen was always hampered by shortage of space, also uti'U- 
sils. It was designed to provide for 7 •'>() and we were feeding from 
1000 to 2000. 

On August 14, Lieutenant Wm. G. Sutton, S. C, arrived to take 
charge of the patients' and personnel mess. He innnediately organized 
a business office and from this start he built up an elastic system which 
could easily handle from 500 to 2000 daily. On October 1 he took over 
the officers' mess and made a complete success out of that, and on 
November 1 the luirses' mess was turned over to him. also. 

The general run of feeding a few hundred patients and hospital 
personnel did not detract from the Thanksgiving dinner planned for 
the officers, nurses, personnel and patients. This dinner the personnel, 
especially, will always remember, and in future years, when speaking 
of good things to eat. the memory of that dinner that was served them 
back in 1918 will bring a smile to their lips and they will not forget 
the hard work and worry that it caused Lieutenant Sutton and the 
Mess Department. The preparation of this dinner was started the 
day before and from then on there was nothing to it but work. With 
two shifts of cooks and a detail of men the dinner was prepared and 
served to the boys at 12:.'5() Thanksgiving day. A few of the i3relimi- 
naries for this diinier were buying turkey at $1.00 per pound and 
fruit ranging along at the same high price. It took some head work 
to give the boys a real feed and still retain a semblance of "the" 
bank roll. However, it was done even to furnishing a first-class 
cabaret with full orchestra accompaniment. 

The buying for and feeding of the different messes of a hospital 
of this size, especially in a foreign country, is a task that few people 
realize and Base Hosj)ital Xo. i(i can be proud of the men in charo-e, 



124 



On Active Service 




DAILY LIFE IX THE BASE HOSPITAL KITCHENS 

\ ONE year's time, Lhicle Sam has gained the reputa- 
tion of being the best provider in the world. There is 
only one secret in the achievement and that is "System." 
One cannot have system unless those under his charge 
cordially assist him in their coo])eration. 

How many of those who read this article, even those who have been 
in the army, also perhaps those who have not been in the mess depart- 
ment office, have an idea of the system which is employed to keep track 
of the numerous accounts.'^ We will study the mess kitchen of a base 
hospital to which I was assigned. 

Everv hospital is given two allowances, namely, one for the person- 
nel members, rations in kind, and one for the oatients and nurses; 
hence two dili'erent accounts for food supply. The mess sergeant must 
prepare his meals accordingly to keep within his allowance or show 
cause to the mess officer why he cainiot do so. The menus are prepared 
daily, commencing with noon-day meal, including breakfast of the 
ensuing day, then submitted to the mess officer for approval. 

We must consider, that at a base hospital evacuation work, \n-\n- 
cipally, is perfornu'd ; transient cases mostly. Their total number 
fluctuates daily and sometimes hourly, ^^'hen the commissary has not 
all the articles required for the very sick, such as eggs, chickens, green 
vegetabl(>s. etc.. we nuist make arrangements for the purcliase from the 
civilians at nearby towns, having to pay five times as much as we would 
if we purchased from the Q. M. Department. Still we must have them 
and we managed in most eases to get what we wanted. Then there is 
the problem of trans])orting these sujiplies from this town to our hos- 
pital, four miles away. 

Has anvone ever realized the amount of food recjuired to relieve 
the hunger of hundreds of men just admitted from the front, having 
had nothing but bully beef and liard tack at various intervals during 
the battle, from which they have come, ready to eat us out of house and 
home three times a day, especially when they have been in the hospital 
for a (lav or two? Numbers vary almost daily. Here is where system 
comes into i)lav. For instance, at Base' Hospital No. Ki. where, as I 
have related before, we were performing evacuation work to a great 
extenL the number of patients varying daily from 100 to laOO, de- 
])ending r.pon the size of the convoys and the number e\acu ilfd. How 
c.-iu tile senior mess sergeant tell what to do? Sup])ose we draw r;itions 
for 600 per day for three days; then comes a daily evacuation of 100 
or more f-.ir six davs ; then a lull for a week or ten davs, when all of a 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 125 

s>i.];lrii ;< ''irii-f f()ii\()\- fonifs in |)lnfini>- our p.itiriil status at over 
I.i);)(). ^^'ould tliat situation niakt- one antic'ii)atf sonutliing wrong? 
Hut wliv worry? You ask liow does the mess officer make his plans so 
that the food will he Mitfieient for all, simultaneously, renirmher. tiiat 
the planning upon a certain iiumher of men may i)e increased at a 
moment's notice. 

Provisions in the army can he prepared for '2. ()()() ahnost as easily 
as for 1 .()()(). In fact, we ha\(' always been able to show a saving for 
the hospital fund with a larger (piantity of men to t'cvd. Strange — hut 
it is true as e\ ideneed hy the hoarding house, wlien the proi)rietor 
can show a balance on .')(», but a deficit as a rule on .'?(). Again, I have 
rxpcrienced th.nt there is less waste with a larger nundier of diners. If 
plans call for (piantities of food, which I find cannot l)e eaten at the 
meal (the left-overs, those that have not been served), can be used, by 
being camouflaged for another meal, by the addition of other articles 
of food, or by being ruled by di])lomacy in pre])aring food, the loss can 
lie turned into a sa\ing or profit. This oiu' plan, since being tlu' mess 
officer, works fine in the army and one would be sur{)rised at statistics 
in revealing balances on the right side of the ledger. The army wants 
good, wholesome food and i)lenty of it, too. 

The best body builders — good food and exercise, also plenty of good 
drinking water. Beef, tomatoes, potatoes, beans, onions, corn and peas, 
are greatlv used, also oatmeal and bran. Potatoes are served twice 
daily, due to the food value. 

We are given definite allowances by the U. S. govermnent and we 
uuist keep this side of the line and our object in view is to give good 
food and vet save. In the stated instances, waste has been kept to the 
mininunn. while m.ixinunn proficiency is ])rocured. 

The supper is the most substantial meal, but the (juantity of food 
hardly com])arcs with the noon meal. 

How system is a])])lied: So nmeh system has to he })racticed in a 
hospital mess, in the preparation of meals and the storage of foods, 
that the heads of departments are always on the alert for emergencies 
and know what (juality and (luantity of food will be necessary. It is 
an easy matter to prepare for any influx or evacuation at any time, so 
jjcrfect is our system. Each department head, personnel, patients' and 
mirses' mess have records to show actual quantity of food on hand at 
all times. They show. too. that their stock should not be allowed to 
fall below a certain mininunn (juantity and endeavor to kec]) the 
(juantities to a reasonable stri'iigth to be on the safe side. I have 
found, personally, that ])reparation and system work together fine. 
^^'. (;. SUTTOX. Second Lieutenant. M. C. 



12b" 



On Active Sekvk e 



THE MEDICAL SUPPLY DEPARTMENT 

KiiisT Lt. C'has. V. liorr.nix, Officer in Charge 
Sgt. First Class Adolph L. Blorli Pvt. First Class William J. Paeth 

Sgt. Clarence H. Harris 
Pvt. First Class llov E. Cnrnatlian 



Pvt. First Class Willis S. Asliley 
Pvt. First Class .Morris Weil 




HIXCjS did not bfgiii to r( ally "pop" around tlic Mrd- 
(^^^7 ical Snjjplv Department until after the unit had reached 
[Jm/ tJK'ir destination in Erance. L^p to this time the property 
, ,^>^w con.sisted of" three field desks, three tvijewriters and one 
>?2_Sr^^A2i> "Par. 9o8." Yes, indeed, the total responsibility of" the 
department could easily have been carried in the vest pocket of" one 
Adolph I>. Bloch. who up to this time was Vice President, Secretary- 
Treasurer, and General ^Lanager of" the de})artment. Captain Otis B. 
\A'ight was the only other stockholder in the concern. 

Shortly after our arrival in the little village of Bazoilles-sur-Meuse, 
Captain ^^'ight was relieved as medical supply officer by Ca})tain Otto 
W. Koch. 




I'ERSONXRl, MKDICAL Sl'l'TLV DKIWKTMENT 



With IJase Hosimt.m> Forty-Six I'i? 

Tlir hard work started on July IS). wIkii it was kariicd that thirty- 
tree carloads of medical .siipi)lies were on the tracks waiting to be un- 
loaded. At the same time we were moving from one side of the Meiise 
River to a better location on tlie other. The work inxoKcd practically 
all of the detachment, and long hours were spent in making the hos- 
))ital in readiness for ])atients. Beds had barely been set uj) in the 
wards, and boxes and su])plies were still being opened, when a conxoy 
of 2:'>() ])atients was reeei\i(l. Tliis situation inv()lved many difficulties 
in an effort to supply the !u)s])ital necessary medcines and ecjui])- 
ment, and at the sami' time keej) accurate records. 

Other cars contimicd to come in; convoys continued to arri\f. and 
w" had many sleepless nights. But in s])ite of all, the ))lace was finally 
rounded into sha))e so that the sup]>ly bnilding would make Sears, Roe- 
buck and Company look like thirty cents. Boxes were juggled about, 
containing everything from motorcycles to safety jjins; but eventually 
quite a record of efficiency was established in the operation of the 
department. New hospitals coming into the valliy would send men to 
Base Hospital Ki to ascertain just how the system was established. 

Then on August l,"). Captain Koch was relieved by Lieutenant Chas. 
F. Bouldin. Under his cajjable management, the sui)ply department 
was gradually perfected. There were troubles of course, as might nat- 
urally be expected; but when the difficulties were placed before the 
"Li^^ut.," he would wrap his long legs around the little b'reneh stove 
in the office and mildly proclaim, "The first seven years of the war are 
always the hardest." 

In addition to eciuipping the hospital, and issuing nee.ssary medi- 
cines and accessories, the laundry exchange was established. This 
branch of the department was in chargi^ of Private First Class Willis 
.'^. Ashley, assisted by Morris Weil. Judging from the experience 
gained in this undertaking, it would not surprise any of us to find 
them operating the largest laundry in the Northwest one of these fine 
days. 

The ])aper work in the office of the Medical Su])ply Department was 
increased considerably b\- numerous inventories, bookkeeijing, corre- 
spondence and filing, until Carl Steimnetz was added to the force to 
assist liloeli and Carnatlian. The office was small, crudely furnished, 
and the lack of files and material with which to work was a great 
handicap. 

Sergeant Harris, who shouldered the responsibility of the warehouse 
and issue room, was abl\- assisted bv Wm. Paeth. the laiikv rano'er 



128 On Active Service 

and vegetarian from \\'a.'sliington. "I'ourtecn Carrot liill." as lie was 
commonlv known, was responsible for the neat eonstruetion of our 
shelves, file boxes, etc. He was always on hand to make chocolate for 
anv little lunch we might plan after a hard dav's work. 

Some idea of the immense amount of work connected with the de- 
partment can be gained from the size of the hospital. At the time the 
armistice was signed bv Germany, the entire capacity of the hosjjital 
was two thousand three hundred beds, the largest lios])ital in the 
vallev bv three hundred beds. 

One of the chief reasons which might be attributed to the successful 
operation of the Medical Supply Department, was the cooperation of 
the entire force, and desire of each man to do his best. We might add 
in closing that the experience will be vitally iuiport.-uit to the members 
of the department in future undertakings. 

ROY E. CARXATHAN 



With Bask Hosimiai, Forty-Six 



1-29 




A RESUME OF THE QUARTERMASTER DEPARTMENT 

ROM tlif date of mobilization of Base Hospital if) in 
Marcli, 1918, when the Quartermaster Department 
issued its first suj)ply of canvas trousers of a strikinjj 
Vfllow line and cotton coats that mitjht pass for oli\c 
green in color until the unit completed its mission at 
Bazoilles-sur-Meuse. the joys, trials, and tribulations of the Quarter- 
master Dejiartment were many and \ aried. 

The first duty of tlie (Quartermaster was to ()utfit the enlisted per- 
sonnel with clothing and complete^ field equipment. This task was 
partially accom])lished at Portland and after some weeks of strenu- 
ous fffort was completed at Camp Lewis. The next duty was the han- 
(lling of trans])ortation o\i'rseas for tlie officers and enlisted men and 
of all |)ersonal baggage. 

Not until we arrixed overseas and wt're f.airlv well establisiied did 
we begin to realize of what our duties as a Quartermaster Department 
in a Medical Unit consisted, ^^'e started in with a transportation 
department and to this was added in rapid succession, carpentering, 
jilumbing, sterilizing, clothing and effects de))artment ; the probkan of 
supplying wood and coal for fuel and of ))olieing the grounds and 
keeping tliem in a sanitary condition also fell to our lot and last but 
I'ot least we also conducted an undei'taking establishment. 

Just a word about transportation: A few days after our destination 
was reached word was joyfully received that we might have two large 
trucks and two cute little side cars if a detail of drivers were dis- 
patched at once to Bordeaux. Of course nearly e\erv man in the unit 
was an expert meclianic and driver and all promptly voiiuiteered their 
-icrvices. The ]iroeess of elimination was brought into i)lay, the re- 
quired number of drixcrs tried and true selected and given traveling 
orders and one fine morning about a week later we found quite an 
imjiosing array of motor transportation lined up in front of the Ad- 
ministration Building. Our joy was short lived, however, for a centra] 
transportation department was created and our trucks and side cars 
were ordered pooled with those of other organizations in the center and 
thereafter wlien transportation of any kind was needed it was neces- 
sary to telephone for a tru( k and then take whatexcr the dis])ateher 
might send, when he decided to send it. 

The major part of the l)uildings oecu})ietl by our unit were c-on- 
structed prior to our arrival. l)ut our carpenters were kept busy with 
a varied and never-ending linr of repairs. There were leakv roofs. 



130 Ox Active Skrvice 

doors that rt-fuscd to opfii or close, partitions to he ino\ t'd and numer- 
ous stoves to be installed. 

Then there was the plumbing department. The man in charge knows 
the plumbing game as well as Ambassador Girard knew the Kaiser, 
but says he never built sink traps out of tin cans before or made stove 
pipe out of scraps of sheet iron ; neither had he ever been compelled 
to melt old tin cans to secure solder. He started his plumbing shop 
'!! France with an antiquated French hammer, a broken pair of pliers, 
and a bicycle wrench. Later, quite a respectable kit of tools appeared 
in his shop, though where they came from no one seemed to know, 
but the engineer organization that had been stationed at the Center 
moved out shortly after the armistice was signed and 'twas rumored 
that it was on account of a shortage of tools. At nuy rate, whenever 
ttl needed anything they generally got it. 

The sterilizer jdant, better known as the "Cootie Kitchen, " was ])re- 
sided over by a capable engineer. It was here, gentle reader, tiiat 
capital ])unishment was meted out to all germs and cooties after tluir 
death sentence had been duly read to them at the receiving ward. Regu- 
lations i^rovide that all cooties must be cooked by steam for thirty 
miiuites under forty pounds of pressure; after this treatment a cootie 
could generally be considered "hors de combat. " 

The fuel problem was a serious one for a while — serious chiefly 
!)ecause of a lack of transportation. This was eventually solved by 
night details for hauling coal and I might add that a heav}' load was 
lifted from the detachment sergeant's shoulders because these night 
details furnished a large field when he wished to assign a little disci- 
plinary duty for failure to answer reveille or retreat. Transportation 
did not prove to be the only coal difficulty encountered because there 
were some who persisted in making nocturnal calls at the coal pile 
and sorting out the nice large lumps. In order to stop this we found 
it necessary to ask the already over worked guards to kec]) an eye on 
the coal. 

Of all our work perhaps the most difficult was the undertaking work. 
Difficult because it was hard to lay away tlie boys who had made the 
supreme sacrifice for liberty; difficult because we knew that some one 
some where was waiting for the hoys that would never return; difficult 
because we could do nothing to lighten tiie burden of grief that must 
fall like a pall when the stern, cold message went home from the War 
Department. We gave each a military funeral; sometimes a single 
brief service was held for one of tlie bovs who had answered the last 



With Base Hospital Fohtv-Six 131 

roll; atjain it was for fivi' or six and sonii'tinu's lor ten or twthf. This 
(k-partnu'iit was also charg-cd with the duty of colk'cting, listing, and 
forwarding to the war dejiartment all money, trinkets, and personal 
effects of the deceased and had to see that all graxc nunihers were 
2>romptly .and ])roperly registered. 

CLIFFORD (t. SCHNEIDER, First Sgt. Q. M. Dr])t. 

I have never heard before that the (Quartermaster Dep.irtment was 
supposed to do anvthing more literary than make out re(|uisitions or 
pay checks. We had to shovel coal as well as gather the tin cans, and 
were glad to do it, hut I a])))roach this task with temerity and mis- 
givings. However, being in the army I am expected to do what T .am 
told, but I want it clearly understood that I am being driven to it. 

Fortunately, I don't have to write very much, as most of the space 
in this ))ublication is .already taken u]) by unimportant departments 
%vho have "horned in " for .a little advertising. A few words about our 
work is enough, .•inyw.ay. because every body knows it is the funda- 
mental p.art of tile army. 

Before the w.-ir the American Army consisted of the fighting arms 
and some eight or nine services, among them the Adjutant General's 
Department, the Inspector General's Department, the Judge Advo- 
cate's Department, the Medical Corps, the Quartermaster Corps, the 
Ordnance Corps, the Sign.il Corj)s .and the Engineer C()r])s. Since the 
outbreak of hostilities tliis number has l)een somewh.it increased. 

According to the (^ii.artermaster Manual, there .ire H\ c m.ain func- 
tions of the Quartermaster Corps, viz: Fin.anee ,iiid Accoiiiiting. Sup- 
plies. Building .and Rcp.iirs. Tr.ansport.ition ;iiid Administr.ation. 
Somewhere in this s.ame book is ;i list of ,ill the duties of 
the Corps in detail, but the .author .apparently r.an out of ideas toward 
the end because he ended by s.iying that "Anything not specially 
assigned to another corps is the duty of the Quartermaster Corps." 
and no doubt th.at is the cl.iusc under authority of which I .am now 
required to write this .article. 

For ;il)out three months I h.ive been trying to dope out the duties and 
functions of .a hospit.il (lu.irterm.aster. .and .as f.ar .as I can see he is a 
sort of glorified j.anitor. undert.aker and f ootrest ; his duties seem to 
embrace .all five of the .above mentioned branches in a kind of a half- 
baked, tinbryonic f.ashion. so I will try to set out our work showing 
it divided into the five aforesaid divisions. 



132 On Active Servick 

Our part in tlii' T'lnancf and Accounting branch consi^its in paying- 
off the patients "every once in a wliile" (there is very little money in 
this, as the Adjutant is always right tlicre). I liave heard a good many 
times that the men in the hospitals are not ])aid sometimes for as long 
as six months or more. There is a certain amount of truth in this, of 
course, but the Quartermaster Corps is not to blame, as those cases 
usually occurred because the soldier didn't stay in one place long 
ftnough to sign a payroll and receive the money. But ordinarily, when 
conditions are projiitious tliis department disburses j'jart-jiay to lios- 
pital patients. 

Supplies: W'f have nothing to do with pro\isioning tlu' liospital, as 
our mess officer works directly with the Hospital Center Quartermaster 
for which I am very thankful, because he is the only one I have ever 
encountered that gave 100 per cent satisfaction. He. however, repre- 
sents the supplies branch through the instrumentality of the Clothing 
and Effects Department, which is one of the efficiently run institutions 
in this hospital. The idea of the Clothing and Effects is to clothe the 
patients as quickly as possible with due regard for economy, and this 
is tile manner in which it is done. When the convoys of new patients 
arrive, our Clothing and Effects "gang" take the clothing of all 
patients, except where it is necessary for tlie health of the patient to 
leave them in his possession; these clothes are put in a gunny sack and 
given a serial number. As soon as possible the sacks are 2)ut through 
the steam sterilizer, or "Cootie Kitchen." where all sorts of birds and 
beasts are killed and dried; then the sacks are returned to the Clothing 
and Effects room, where the clothing is gone over and all garments that 
are too soiled to wear, torn or otherwise unfit are salvaged, the cloth- 
ing found to be serviceable is put in a bin bearing the same serial 
mnnber that was placed in the sack in the receiving ward. Great care 
must be taken that leather goods are not put through the sterilizer 
because they come out about the consistency of a soda cracker. Money 
and valuables are also removed from the clothing, if overlooked by 
the patient, and o])timistically turned over to the Quartermaster for 
safe keeping — the Adjutant having notliing to do with this! 

Of course there is nuieh clotliing salvaged and it must be replaced in 
order to reoutfit the soldier when he is ready again for a uniform and 
equipment. M^- draw sufficient clothing from the group quartermaster 
for this purpose. P'requently it is invoiced, often we get it on requisi- 
tion — sometimes by mistake! The paper work is rather vague in this 
connection, but we sign as little as })ossible. 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 1.'5.S 

Building aiu] IJcp.-iirs : So far \vc liaxtii'l done any l)uil(lin<i- of 
moment, but haxc done lots of re})airs — at least we call them repairs. 
For my part. I think our earpenters have done exeellent work and 
have even overheard oiu- ()Hi;'er, after a g'ood mail, refer to them ;is 
"nearlv human. ' wliieh was very gratifyiny,-. I lia\r never heard ol" 
anvthing along these lines being satisfactory to the medical officers, 
but that shows impartiality. 

Transportation: In this unit our transportation consists of three 
wooden wheelbarrows, one steel wheelbarrow and two litter carts, with 
German prisoners, convalescent patients, cor])s men or "Frogs tor 
motive power. All other transportation is controlled by the Hospital 
Center for the benefit of all the hospitals and that is unquestionably 
the correct idea, but notwithstanding that, it has been the scarcest 
thing in the \^osges. to such an extent that most of our heavy trucking 
has had to be done at night. 

Administration: I can't very well give an exam])le of the Adminis- 
tration branch, not knowing exactly what it means, but fOr lack of a 
better classification and to get through with this article (juickly. we 
will call the undert.aking administrative. 

Having raised the veil, allowing th.e layman to ga/e upon the rami- 
fications and mystery of our incomparable work, it is to be hoped that 
the reader be uplifted without losing the erstwhile reverence which 
familiarity sometimes dissipates. 

r. A. \\KLLS. Second Lieutenant. (^ M. C. 



THE ELFCTRK P()\\1-,R PLANT 

THE ELECTRIC power plant in the hos|)ital grounds was built 
by the U. S. Engineers; it is '2 1 by .'i'J fecL and lias .1 concrete 
Hoor. Three generating sets with switch b.oards constitute its equip- 
ment. The dynamos are of the Thomson-Houston 17 K. W . 110 I). C. 
tyjie. driven by three four-cylinder De Dion Bouton gasoline motors. 

Tl>e plant furnishes electricity for all the wards, officers, (juarters, 
X-Ray operating room. eti-. The entire output of the three generating 
sets will furnish enough electricity for approximately ','.()()() '•2.'J-Watt 
l.unps. Two lUiits suffice to carry the necessary load nearly all the time. 

Electricity is also supplied from our pl.-mt to the V. M . ('. A. hut 
for lighting ])urposes and four times per week for the moving picture 
machine. The camj) steam laundrv is also sujjplied from our ])lant and 
lights are furnished to the salvage department, -.vhere over 1() French 
iiirls are employed s/ihaging clothing for L'nele Sam. 



13i 



On Actia'e Service 



Eacli base hospital has its own power plant and for a while the 
])lants were run individually, under the supervision of the Quarter- 
iiiaster Department of each hospital. This did not prove successful 
from an efficiency standi)oint, and consequently all the plants were 
])ut under control of the Hospital Center. The plants were connected 
to gether in such a manner that on.' would suj)ply electricity to two 
base hospitals during the day, when the load was liglit. thus saving- 
gasoline and wear. Bickford, in charge of our plant, was made chief 
mechanic of all plants at the Center. We had a day and a night 
oj^erator. 

A street lighting system was put in through the village from the 
liospital to the railroad station. 

Two things will be remembered by the force .is being distinct fea- 
tares of their daily routine of army life at the plant; one, the continual 
"fixing" of the lights at the nurses' quarters caused by their steady use 
of the electric iron, while the other was the wading through the mud to 
get into or out of the power plant. 



SANITARY DEPARTMENT 




z ^MAGINE a 
^ itants, withi 



an inland city of from ,")()() to "^OOO inhab- 
ithout a sewerage system, and you will have 
some concejition of the sanitary problems that confronted 
liase Hospital i() during their stay in Erance. To make 
matters more difficult, the Erench Government prohib- 
ited the burial of refuse. Consequently all waste materials had to 
be burned. 

In the beginning of camp activities, our sanitary scjuad was made 
ti]) of men doing disciplinary duty as penalty for some minor military 
cffense. College men, professional men; in fact, men from all walks of 
life served on this detail; not because they were criminally bad, or to 
use the favorite expression, "Hard Boiled." Indeed not. But in the 
iirmy it is always eas}^ to get a detail for disagreeable tasks when no 
one is willing to volunteer. 

Every morning on schedule time the squad made its rounds. All 
licjuid waste was emptied into a soakage pit, solids were taken to the 
destructor and burned. All mixtures of solids and liquids went through 
:i straining process before it was possible to burn or filter tlie waste. 
3.1any were the complaints: "I joined the armv but not to do this." 



With Bask Hosi-itai- 1''()1!T\ -Six 135 

For time to come the men who served on this drtail will li;ivc stron-r 
and vivid reeollretions of their duties whcncxfr this department is 
mentioned. 

Witli the intinx of patients the men serving- (ni this detail were o-iveii 
other dnties, and the i>-overnment furnished us ti\e I'reneh civilians, 
who performed all scavenger tasks. These men. aeeustomed to such 
labor, took to it like ducks to the water, therehy reliiving us of a very 
.serious ditHcultv. Transportation of this waste w.'is another trouble- 
some jiroblem. Some days we had a team, other days an auto truck, 
and on several occasions no transportation at all. Conditions w^ere 
i>etting critical when they organized a sanitary sciuad at the hospital 
headquarters. This squad consisted of two large Quad auto trucks, 
with drivers, and two additional men to assist in loading and unload- 
ing. There were seven hospitals in this center, and it took these two 
crews working from eight to twelve hours each day to keep the hos- 
pitals from accumulating waste and rubbish. 

During the summer months. Hies put in their appearance by the 
}nillions. A few hundred yards from our camj) was a French village, 
each family in tierce competition with its neiglil^or. as these jieasant 
))eople measure their riches by the number of stock owned, and indi- 
rectly bv the size of the manure ]ules. These manure piles, basking in 
the summer's sun were the latest, best and most efhcient tly incubators 
possible, if results can be taken as a criterion. Our camp was infested 
with flies. We found them in the coffee, souj). and all other edibles. 
Quite fre(iuentl\- we were ]H\stered with hornets who fought with us 
over jam or other sweets we were fortunate (Miough to \\:\yr on the table. 

Such conditions were contrary to all laws of sanitation, and our 
sanitary ins])ector took steps toward a remedy. \"ainly we sought the 
(Quartermaster's I )ep.irtment for screen. They were always out of that 
.irticle until the inspector made headcjuarters a visit and interviewed 
the Lieutenant in charge. On returning he brought back all the screen 
there was to be found in Ha/oilles and Neufchateau. This was otdy .i 
beginning — our combat with the flies ceased — conditions grew worse — 
we renewed the battle, and this time our C'hajdain came to our rescue. 
Through the Rerl Cross lie was able to furnish u^ material for screen- 
ing all the doors and windows in the mess halls, kitclieus and latrines. 
It fenced the pesky fly out of our food, and who knows but this may 
have saved one or many of us a severe illness. 

Supplying the cam]) with drinking water came under this depart- 
ment. This w;;s no eas\- matter, i'or durin<)' the sununer months all 



1,'56 On Active Service 

drinking water had to be chlorinated, an attempt to kill all danger- 
ous and hirking germs. Our supply of water came from a large con- 
crete tank on the hill. Where it came from before reaching the tank no 
one ever knew but the engineers, and they never said. Rumors say it 
cam from a spring. Other reports that it cam.' from the Meuse River, 
which idled through town collecting all the dirt and filth possible. In 
fact, during the driest part of t!ie season, when the river was at its 
jowest, our water sui)ply became exhausted, and it was no uncounnon 
sight to see the men washing with a few dr()])s of water from their 
■ •anteens. 

Our first serious shortage occurred one midnight. The water had 
been shut o.f all day and the water connnissioner whose duties were 
to keep the lister bags, scattered throughout camp, full of chlorinated 
water, had been unable to fill them. The hospital was full of patients 
suffering from wounds or illness, and they required drinking water. 
The night ward men had to have it also, so the inspector was aroused. 
He gathered a detail and set out in search for water. The town pum]), 
several hundred yards from camp, proved our salvation, and along in 
the wee hours of the morning the task of filling the lister bags had 
been completed. The })atients had drinking water such as it was, but 
the best to be found. 

The cooks and kitchen police suffered the gravest trials during this 
drought, ^^vlter for cooking and washing dishes l;a:l to be carried 
from the town pump, and when yon are feeding 1 ;)()() to "^OOO in- 
dividuals, this is no easv task. 



\\ ITH Base Hospital Foutv-Six 



is: 




THE CHAPKL. AM) THK C'HAPI.AI NS WORK 

1' WAS on I'raiic:' s " I nde])t'iidtiu'i- Day. tlif day wlit-ii 
the last (jtruiaii ort'cnsivi- hfy-an. tliat tli/ tirsL rcliu;ioiis 
siTvicf of tlu' unit in I"rancc was held. A \ acant ward 
was used, the liciulirs had hvru hurriedly mamitactiircd 
h\- a detail the day h.t'ore. and the origan had been 
borrowed from the C'ha])lain of another h(,s|)ital. At this service the 
Chaplain proposed that an orphan l:e adopted by the unit, and the 
siiggcstion bore fruit in the adoption of Mauriee (iousselot. whose 
i'atlier liatl l)een killed in the tirst month of the war. 

Ht^'ore the next Suiulav tl;e unit had mo, cd to new (juarters across 
the ri\er. ,and ser\ices were held that day in the Nurses' (lul) of Base 
Hos])ital No. IS. ;it that time shar. d liy both units. The Chaplain 
was ha\in<i- ditficult\- in yt tting space t"or the ('ha])el. That iirst 
.assigned was })resentl\- taken for the morgue, the next location was 
found suitable for the guard house, and the third cx))erinicnt saw the 
(']iai)el displaced by the isolation ward. These days of getting settled 
were marked by kaleidoscopic changes, and the Chaplain fared like 
Xoah's dove. Finally, through the good offices of Major Benson, one- 
lialf of the building occu))ied by the laboratory was secured, and 
proved very satisfactory. There tlie services were held on Sundays 
and sometimes on week days — including the funeral services when pos- 




- Ci 



■«-"^ III I I'll 



mo 




CHAI'KI.— OIK CHMM.AIN 



138 



Ox Active Service 



sible; and the saiiif (luarters were used by the Personnel Club, of which 
some account is given elsewhere in this xolunie. 

The Chaplain's work, in keei)ing with the ])ur])ose of a hosi)ital, is 
first of all for the welfare of the jjatients, and Isas neither beginning 
nor end nor any \ ery definite outline. When the hospital is unrler full 
lieadway, if the Chaplain is not as busy as anybody he is shirking his 
dutv, and in quiet times there is still unlimited opportunity for him 
to make himself useful even if the calls are less argent. 

It goes without saying that there are many of our young soldiers 
whose religious training at liome has disposed them to look for help 
in their hour of need to the faith of their fatlurs. \\'ith them it is 
only necessary for the Chaplain to present himself to receive an earnest 
welcome. On the other hand, there are many whose religious experi- 
ence has not been sufficient to establish an initial bond with the Chap- 
lain, yet their receptivity to the a])pi al of faith has been developed 
l)y what they have seen and felt on the battlefield; they ha\e prayed, 
perhaps for the first time in years; it is for the Chaplain to meet them 
on their own ground and to give such encouragement as his svmpathy 
and judgment may suggest. 

The most eft'ective part of the Chaplain's work is doubtless that 
which is the least formal, and therefore any attempt at description is 
not likely to convey the truth. Those who know best what he has ac- 
I'omplished are scattered on diverse paths, having passed through the 
hospital and gone — whither he does not know. Lives may touch each 
other, but for a moment and these contacts may sometimes leave ])erina- 
nent effect. T'lie Chaplain's message may be but a tiny seed, yet sown 
ir. soil fresh-broken by war's tremendous experiences it mav strike root. 
.^\ich. at least, is the ho])e which kee])s the Cha))l;iiii at his task. 



THE RED CROSS 
.M()X(i the many and diverse activities of the Red Cross 
in army hospitals the supjily of comforts to the sick and 
wounded soldiers as they arrive and during their stay 
is one of the most effective. It must be remembered that 
most of them have lost their personal effects somewhere 
between the dugout and the base hospital, and arrive minus all necessi- 
ties of comfort — also, usually, without funds, having received no pay 
for months. 

A wounded man, lying on a stretcher, waiting to be taken to the 
ward, may want a smoke; a cigarette is at hand. After a good sleep in 
a real bed he begins to think of the toilet articles he misses; a "dittv 




\\ iTii Base Hosimtal I'ohtv-Six 



181) 



bag" containing tlie elfnientary nect'ssitics is ready. It" lie is able to 
look at the papers he finds one at hand each morning; and later he gets 
ihe benefit of" the magazine service from Paris. When he wants to write 
a letter home he finds Red Cross stationery in the ward. During his 
convalescence there are games and puzzles to lighten tiic dragging 
hours, and when he gets up he is given a Red Cross convalescent suit^ 
and maybe a Red Cross sweater. As soon as he is al)le to get out he 
finds his way to the Red Cross Recreation Hut, with its canteen. |)iano, 
L'dliard talile and movies. 

The Red Cross Home Connnunication Service is at his dis|)()sal in 
case he has any worries about home conciitions. It" the matter is urgent 
.': cablegram may be sent to the States and a messenger sent directly 
t') his home to straighten things out and re])ort back. The Red Cross 
Searcher, in addition to her duty of" seeking information about the 
missing and those who are being incjuired for by their friends, does a 
thousand things for soldiers who are incapacitated, writing letters, 
giving advice, encouragement and sympathy, supplementing the 
womanly touch of the nurses in a s))liere of her own. The Chaplain, 
.ilso provided by the Red Cross, seeks to keep the soldier, during his 
hours of pain and weariness, in union with the source of strength wdiich 
religious faith alone can su])ply. to give him sjii ritual su]i]iort in the 
valley of the shadow, if he is called to enter it. and to su))plv the 
(•(tices of the churcii in burial when that sad neccssitv arises. 




CHRISTMA.S IN A HOSl'ITAI. WARD 



140 



On Active Service 




OREGON NURSES GLADDEN HEARTS OF FRENCH 
KIDDIES 

N the afternoon of December (), in their attractive cluh 
room, the nurses of Base Hospital Xo. K) gave a really, 
truly Christmas tree to more than one hundred little 
I-'rcneli ehihlreit from the \illaQ,'e of Bazoilles-sur- 
M''use. Many of the children were from the or])hanage, 
lieing the unfortunate victims of war. 

For se\fral days the nurses, aided by Father Din;in, and the other 
members of the persoiniel, worked to make the event a success. 

Tree decorations, toys, candies, and dainty eats were prepared. Fifty 
or more rag dolls, brown dolls, white and blue dolls, both large and 
small. F2ach nurse worked out some original idea, which made everv 
doll individual and attractive. Candy sacks were made of gauze run 
Ihrough with bright colored yarn and the contents therein were of 
the very best home-made candies. Each child received a toy or two. 
a sack of candy, a package of gum and a funny little crepe paper 
chapeau. 

The custom of celebrating the sixth of December as petite Cln-ist- 
mas, which is St. Nicholas Day, is a localism adopted by the particular 
locality. The wooden shoes are always placed before the fireplace for 
.St. Nicholas to put gifts into — so few of the cliildren, if any. had 
ever seen a Christmas tree. When they filed into the club room and 
beheld the toy-laden tree, it is nt)t to be mar\eled at that they looked 
dazed and bewildered, and when real, live St. Nicholas entered, all 
dressed in robe of brightest red trimmed with white fur, their looks of 
bewilderment gave way to squeals of childish glee: but it brought 
tears to the eyes of those who had made the event for the s;id-faced 
little fellows. 

Each nurse took charge of one or two ehildri'n and aided them in 
receiving their toys. They were served jelly sandwiches, two kinds of 
cookies and cocoa, to all of which they did justice. 

Father Dinan has told the nurses that it was a great event in the 
lives of the children — that for days following they talked of little else. 
They had been told about and had read of St. Nicholas, but to see a 
really, truly, living St. Nicliolas was a thing they had never expected. 



With Bask Hospital Forty-Six 
KIDDIKS OF FRAXCF 



lU 



(^Uft-r littlf kiddies of l''r.aiu-f. 

Is it vour a])r()n or is it your p.iuts 

That gives you the h)ok of a half frig-l.tened thing. ' 

We wouhi h)\c to t( ac-li you to laugh aiul to sing. 

Your eves are so big aiul so rouiul and sad. 
Fs it because the Hun killed your dad r 
And \()u. little girl, with l)ig eyes of blue, 
^'our sister but se\ en and you. only two. 

All sununer long we have watched you 

Each day herding your cows, 

Never stopping to l^lay. 

We have been, O, so sorry for you. 

We wanted so uuicli to do something to make you 

Forget the past years 

That have meant to you only sorrow and ivar.s, 

So we decicled on St. Nicholas Day 

To ask you to come to our club room to play. 

And when we have goiu' to our native land 

We ho])e that oiu' day will staiul .apart fiom the 

Other d.nvs in \i)ur life. 




14-2 



On Active Service 




LO, THE POOR WARD.MAN 

Oh, orderly- ORDERLY! 

This may serve to introduce "Buddy." as the wardmaster is usually 
called. 

T CAMP LEWIS he and his mates were assembled soon 
after mobilization, to undergo intensive training, and 
from this number a large ])er cent were sent into dif- 
ferent wards to familiarize themselves with ward man- 
agement and gener.illy to "observe" all things necessary 
in the successful operation of a ward. 

It was here that they soon learned that the call for "IJuddy," 
"Orderly," or "Wardmaster" meant the iuunediatj need of their serv- 
ices. It was here they learned the whys and wherefores of modern 
hospital equi])mcnt. aiul the reason why some patients receive more 
careful attention than others. They were drilled in the necessity of 
absolute cleanliness about the ward, and grounds, the best methods of 
serving foods and the necessity for ))ersonal cleanliness. They were 
taught, and reluctantly learned, how to jiolish ordinary Hoors to the 
envy of all mirrors. 

There were four so-called orderlies on a ward in those balmy days, 
and all four were more or less busily engaged carrying out the daily 
routine and orders, even though the total lunnber of patients rarely 
e.'vceeded twenty or thirty. 

Then, too. between s])ells future iiuddies did their share of scjuads 
cast and s(|uads west and worked up a little enthusiasm each morning 
during the |)eriod of setting-up exercises. In his spare time Buddy 
dreamed of what valiant service he was to render "Over There," and 
just how he in ])articular was to excel. But of course, everything would 
be as modern and ))leasant as in the hosj)itals back home. 

.So orderly man crossed the sea and shortly afterward fouiul himself 
in the midst of that now-famous struggle — The Battle of Bazwillie. 

After a few weeks of hard work uiulertaken largely with medieval 
French tools, the roads which Base 46 were to use were in fair shape, 
all having complete drainage ditches and culverts. The so-called wards, 
of which there were 2*2, were all scrubbed from floor to ceiling, and 
here and there the roof patched and the Hoors balanced, and such 
equipment as was "necessary" installed. 

The wards in which Buddie was to work were in sharp contrast with 
those Ijack home. Buddie was rushed into a building, some 100 feet 



With Bask II(isimt\i. 1* Outv-Six 143 

long and about .SO fttt wide, acconnnodatinir ,)() In-ds. He found no 
hot water or modern plumbing; no floors that could be ))olished or even 
made to look clean; no adecjuate sewage system. Oh. no. it" he had a 
sink and cold water, a latrine that was well supplied with pails, a ward 
that did not admit either wind or water too profusely, and possessed a 
floor that had one section level, he was a lucky guy. 

But instead of there being four orderlies to a ward. Buddie was 
alone with wliat eonwih scent help lie was fortunate enough to have. 

Just as he finished with these and the swee))ing of those many-way 
slanting floors, the scrubbing of the hallway and latrine, while the 
nurses had made the beds, along would come the ward surgeon for his 
usual morning round. 

The whole ward en \v would immediately start to assemble the 
artillery and get all instruments sterilized. During the dressing it 
was Buddy's duty to carry the bucket that received all the soiled 
bandages, etc., sometimes to cut them loose. He held arms and legs in 
a gi\-en position, and lifted the patient into ])osition for the surgeon 
to work. Occasionally he was given a chance to do a little real work 
himsely. 

Hardly was Buddy well ac-(iuainted with his patients when along 
would come an order to send a lot of them to another hospital. He was 
given the necessary supply of litters and blankets, and with a man to 
help, he would load them, tag and carry them to the doorwav. Hardlv 
would they be gone when nurse and orderly were busilv engaged re- 
making beds and cleaning up again. Perhai)s by night they were once 
again caring for a full house — feeding, bathing, decootieizeing and 
making comfortable a bunch of fellows just out of the trenches or a 
hospital behind the lines. 

However, adhering to the old rule of persix craiice and patting his 
aml)itiou on the back. Buddy determined to make the best of the sit- 
uation, then oiu' wet day in late .July along came our first convoy from 
Chateau-Thierry, and the real service began. 

With the fifty beds full and wounded men all needing special 
•ittention. Buddy's energy was taxed to eajjacitv 

I'roiii then on Buddy's dreams of distinguished service faded and 
his one idea was to get through the daily routine without failure to 
jierform any of his manifold duties: Commencing at ():,'!() A. M. he 
began that hasty pace u}) and down that full 100 feet, manning to the 
best of his ability the ward fleet, and answering all short calls. 



li* On Active Service 

Then tile imals that had to ht- hauk-d over from the kiteliens. but 
instead of wheel tables. Buddy used a jiiood old butler tray, some 
pails and a strong back. And it was up to him to see that they were 
served as per schedule. Hardly would he finish serving them all before 
someone would begin to cry for seconds, a crv which soon became 
general. "Firsts and Seconds" all out, Buddy gazes at his watch and 
finds that his mess hour is well nigli ])assed, so he scoots u]) to the mess 
hurridly gulps that down and dashes back to the ward to gather u]) the 
dishes. 

After the meal, our hero slackens the pace a little and does just 
"good old favors" for the boys in his ward, su,' h as chasing to the 
"Y" to buy eaudy. cigarettes and tobacco. He sliaves them, adjusts 
their bandages, or refills their hot water bottles. 

To make Buddy's life one of ease and comfort, he is placed between 
the mess d.'jiartment and the patients. The former is always trying 
to cut down on the amount of food served to avoid waste, while the 
latter are constantly shouting for seconds and thirds. It is a noticeable 
fact that a wounded man seldom has a wounded ap])etite. Then too, 
tlu ward surgeon must crab a little now and I hen to let Buddv know 
that he is the all-highest. 

Cooties ! Yea, bo, we Buddies have met them under almost any kind 
of circumstance. Once discovered, patient and young friend must 
undergo a general sterilization. This is just one of the usual routine 
jobs. 

Then after the supper hour Buddy and the nurse see that all is set 
:''or the night crew. They make everything look orderly about the ward, 
straighten u]) the beds, rub backs, and tuck their charges awav for 
the night. 

When all is said and done. Buddy may have served in the S. O. S. but 
ne one can say tl;at his service has not been as active and arduous as 
tliat of anv nan in the trenches. 



^^'I■|■ll Hash HosiMTAr. I'oinv-Six 



ll") 



THK TEXT ( ITY 

M v.roii O'lis B. Wkmit. ill C'h.irii! 




IM'.USOWKI, 

Sfit. I-'irst (MjI'.s Artliiir 1''.. House I'vt. l'"irsl Class I.i.yd Wood 

Sfit. I'irst flass MitIc (1. Cainphcll I'vt. l-"irst Class X'iclor M . W. Orr 

I>vt. iMi-st Class Harry K. Mackley Pvt. First Class Henry 15. Hiil)ers 

I'vt. I'ir.st Cla.ss Earl L. Deviiu- Pvt. First Class (lei.r-e W. Mclntyre 

IM. Heiuy W. Hastiii;>s 

X M()\'IX(i across thv v'wcr we t'oiiii(l twenty tents as 
an added portion of tlie hosjMtal. Supposedly of Knglisli 
oriii'in. tlie\- were built in sections, e.acli accounnodatiuii- 
fourteen beds. 'J'hi'v could be used aloiu' or spliced to- 
o-etlier. Lined with y(dlow and witii rubber Hoorinji' tlicy 
made a very satisfactory acconunodation for ]>aticnts. The tents were 
used as an overflow to the liospital to house ]iati."nts nearly recovered, 
who would shorth- lie ready to return to duty or be sent to the conva- 
lescent camp. The;- were even used for walkiu'^' surtiical cases who 
need only minor dressings. K.ach tent had a tent master whose I unctions 
niaiidv were to see that the tent was ))roi)erly policed and to hold roll 
call, though in times of stress he took more the duties of a mirse. in 
bringing meals .aiul caring for j)atients. 

The organization of the Tent ("ity consisted of the tent masters, one 
sergeant in general charge of the tents and th.eir management and 
furnishing of the various details to the de])artments of the hos))ital. 
and another sergeant who ke])t the records and histories of the patients. 
The writer would ne\'er ha\c been al)le to carry on the work in 
I he tents if it had not been for the faithfulness of this orgain'/ation. 
and the assistance of .Major Koch during the strenuous days following 
the Ar<ronne dri\'e. 



The tents were run as a separate departnunt of the hospital with 
a single section centrally placed, as headcjuarters. On entering, each 
patient's name. rank, organization and diagnosis were entered upon a 
separate card tog\'ther with a probable date of dismissal to duty or to 
convalescent cam]) and Hied in ,an index for each tent. 'I'he V. M. C'.s 
were also kcjit se])arately according to tents so that dail\- duty records 
or convalescent camp lists could be regularly made out. or if sudden 
orders for evacuation came, it was relatively easv to pick the proper 
ca.ses ; the tent masters could take their charu-es to the clothino- 



146 



On Active Servu e 



dt-partnu'iit for compktion ot" tlitir outfitting and to thf receiving ward 
for a final check before discharge. 

(Originally the twenty tents held 1 ()()() beds, but in September the 
2;rouping was rearranged so the final capacity was about 700. The 
number of patients fluctuated greatly — in late August a bare half dozen 
wa« the total muster — in lurid C)ctt)ber all of the sixteen tents were 

<>pen and we struck a maximum of (JOO patients. 

Then busy days lasted about a month, starting about the time of 
t)ip Argonne drive. During this period we received one convoy of 1,59 
jiatients direct from the receiving ward — two of smaller size — and 
these made plenty of excitement and necessitated rapid opening of 
unused tents and doubling up of the work of the tent masters. For a 
!iionth we hustled and just about finished recei\ing one convoy or 




Abjve— TENT STAFF. Below— TK.NTS, N'ALl.EV IN B ACKfiROlND 



With Bask Hospital Fohty-Six 117 

so'.idin"- out a huiicli of patients. \s liiii soim' other excitement would 
develoiJ. But it was part of tlie o-ame and none of us suffered from 
these sudden .spurts of work. We were fortunate in being able 
to pick out occasional serious eases coming direct to us by convoy 
or rarelv develoj)ing- among the patients, so that we were able to close 
u)) in mid-Xo\'ember without casualty or ha\iiig any epidemic develo]). 

Vnother function of the tent organization was to keep our patients 
partially employed, feeling that some light labor was a beiuHt to 
t!ie man. besides helping the various departments of the hospital. 
Reciuests were varied and all kinds of vacancies were tilled, such as a 
gang to keep the Lister Bags filled and cleaned. K. I's.. workers in the 
wards and messes, car])enters. etc. In fact for a time we held some 
sixty men who were steadily eni))loyed in various linrs of work asso- 
ciated with the ]ios))ital. 

One of the most important tents was Isolation under direct charge 
of Major Koch and handled entirely by him. though carried on the 
!ios]ntal roll as part of the tint city. Many interesting cases were seen 
there, and the four sections of this tent served as a mighty useful 
con.tagous ward, the scri'ening apart by the tent Haps forming etfeetive 
l>;;i'riers to cross infei-tiou. 

MAJOR OTIS B. WIGHT 



ROBINSON CRL'SOK AND HIS ISLAND 
'ISOLATION" 

0\'KR the bounding seas of routine, ever I lown by breezy rumors 
of war news, occasionally there drifts a word from the lonesome 
•stand where lives the Robinson Crusoe of Forty Six. Almost a world 
l)y itself in this little place so seldom heard of; a beautiful spot with 
.1 most charming array of scenery; muddy graveyards, noisy (juarry, 
solemn remnants of a once noble forest. In all the glory of a majestic 
noble on a south se.i island reigns the tent master surrounded by his 
faithful clan of patient I'ridays. Days for him are monotonous and 
dreary. His j)alaee is simply an unromantic tent ! His throne room is 
his bed room, dining room and reading room. His royal bed chamber is 
simply a bed and his imjxrial re))ast. when he has ham. is the town 
f.norite. ham and eggs, if he has the eggs also. 

Thrice daily he is visited by members of the outer world who come 
laden with mysterious foods called slum, stew, rice and even an occas- 
ional slice of pie or a slab ol" cake. 



148 



On x\ctive Skrvk e 



All tlir()u<>;li the day and night conu's the trt-atnuiit of many various 
contagious ailmt-nts of" the tribe. Diptheria bugs, tonsillitis germs and 
evils of all kinds of ])estilent diseases retreat into the oblivion from 
which they came when he gets down to business. 

Law may come and law may go in Mac's life in tlie future but in the 
course of events we are sure that he will never forget his days as 
Robinson Crusoe. 

BRIAN DONLEVY 




THE FIRE DEPARTMENT 

I\'E SHOTS from a revolver, fierce beating on a tri- 
angle, horrible shrieks from a bugle, announced to the 
fire marshal of Base Hospital No. i6 and his assistant, 
that the fire drill they had been ordered to witness was 
^^ taking place. 'Midst the din of noise, shuffling of feet 
and sharp eounnands, the Ford fire engine arrived; the hose connec- 
tions were made, ami an imaginary stream of water was played on an 
imaginary fire. Thus on August ^21. 1918, the fire chief and his assist- 
ant were gi\-eii an introduction to their future duties. 

On this dati' our e(iuipment consisted only of 150 two and a half 
gallon, acid and soda fire extinguishers, and with this insufficient appar- 
atus we were ex))ected to extinguish and jjrevent the spread of all fires 
occurring in our hosi)ital of forty-five buildings and twenty-three tents. 




A PRACTICE RUN— KIRK DKP ARTMFAT 



^^'I■|•ll Bask IIosimtai. I'oirrv-Six 1 H) 

();ir ni.iiii wattr supply, a larjic coiicTttc tank on the hill, had ii-om- 
nearly dry. and our sanitary insptctor was usin<>: it tor an aciuariuni. 

Hv skillful nianfUNt-ring and ri-pcatt-d ncjuisitions. we were ahlc to 
capture two fifty -gal Ion hose carts, t-ightccn fire ladders, twenty water 
casks, two hundred and s(venty-H\c tire huckets, eighteen pyrenes. two 
axes and two ."rowhars. This eciuipnient was scattered throughout the 
lios))ital in tit.- most advantageous ))laces for combating tire. 'I'his. 
in addition to tlie I'ord tire engine, gave us an even hreak in case 
. f fire. 

The fire risks in a hospital of this type were numerous. The hnild- 
ings were constructed of light, dry lunihir. with roofing of tar pa])er. 
The m.ajoritv of the huildings stood less tlian "2.") feet apart, and the 
tents even closer together. Kach building had at least three heating 
stores. All wards and clinics used oil stoves for heating water and 
sterilizing instruments. 

The stoves were treacherous affairs, always flaring up unexpect- 
edly in an endeavor to set tin- ward on fire. Protecting the wood work 
in near proximity to these stoves fell to the fire department. \'ainl\- 
we re(inisitioned the (). .M . I'or material. Regularlv his replv would 
cvime back. "No material available." Not stnm|)ed. we g.athcred all 
flu tin cans in the neighborhood, h.ammered them fl.at. and covered all 
wood work adjacent to these stoves. In /uldilion. we furnished all 
wards and l)uildings whei'.' oil stoves were used, a box of loose sand 
to be used as a fire extinguisiier in case of necessitv. 

The fire departments policy was tire ])re\(iition; bi-weeklv inspec- 
tions were uiade of all fire-fighting ap))ar.atus, keeping all equipment 
in place and working order. A fire patrol was instituted and the 
grounds were patrolled daily, keeping ,i vigilant look out for hazardous 
fire conditions — rubbish piles, defec-tivc flues, unprotected smoke stacks, 
etc. Thus far our policy has been successful, .in.l we can point to our 
fii-elcss record with justifiable pride. 

AIA'IN C. SIIAGREX.to Assistant I'ir.' .Marshal 



THK (;UAR1)S 

F,n;i[T NuiHTS IN .\ HOOSGOW 

1^1/ A Prisonkr 



FIRST NIGHT: Well, this is "finis' for my first day in this 
cliiik. Got l)y pretty well, too. These guards, though, are hard 
boiled. They're fixed up nice, though, got a l)uilding to themselves, 



150 On Active Service 

<j;ood sleeping (juarttTs. and nothing- to bother 'cm. Wonder who tliis 
ragtime sergeant of the guard is; always singing, guess he even sings 
in his sleep. 

Second Night: Had two diti'ertiit guards today. First bird used to 
i)ull teetli in Portland. Found out tliat the sergeant used to pb'iy 
fi,>otball. He's been sergeant of the guards since the outfit moved 
into Bazoilles in July. Guess tliat's why he's singin' all the time. 

Third Night: These pictures on the walls are getting interesting, 
now I get their history. Here's one of the first guard. That's how 
they're labeled, anyway, "Base Hospital Forty-Six Guard: Guards 8, 
Officers 2." I>ooks as if they could ]ilay a baseball game all right. 

Fourth Night: Fl'ad gold fish for sup})er tonight. I don't mind bein' 
.a prisoner for life, but lay off" the dog salmon. 

Fifth Night: Corned bill today. I wonder if I can bust that 
window and find a feed somewhere.^ 

Sixth Night: Guess I'll stay with it. Guard allowed me a can of 
jieaches. 

Seventh Night: Another new guard on today. Used to be mess 
sergeant, but the strain was too mucli. They got two guards on Num- 
ber 1 post, here at the gate, another two at the Cootie Kitchen, and 
four on the Jerry prisoners. Well. I don't envy 'em. They got 
beaucoup inclies of water to stand in. but of course, if they don't like 
to stand in it they can keep walking in it. 

Eighth Night: A\'ell, this is my last night. I get a trial tomorrow. 
Hate to leave, too. Best hoosgow I was ever in. Best bunch of guards, 
too. Guess I'll have to come up this wa}' next time I go A. W. O. L. 



^^'hen the sun is shinin' down. 

There's the guard ! 
When the skies begin to frown. 

There's the guard ! 
When the rain is coming cold, 
He's a doin' as he's told, 
Walkin' on his post so bold — 
Poor old ouard ! 



\\ rri[ \i \s\: Hosi'iTAi, 1()i;tv-Si.\ 



lyl 




xrusKS' cT.rH 

N OXl'' of tlic Britisli tropical tciil^ oiir "('luh" Ix-gan 
its hrilt' life; briff, but a scparatr mi'inory i'or each 
liiiiiutf. for tliino's liapj^riicd in those days. Tlic tint 
was roomy, one liimdrcd and twenty feet lony. twiiity- 
li\c t'eet wide, and nearl}' five feet lii^!;li at tlie sidis. The 
cerise lininy- and yellow interlining gave a wonderfully soft and 
restful light. Hlaek oilcloth ei)\ cred the floor. Tli.- Ked Cross gave 
us some wicker chairs, the Medical Supply lent us a mess table and 
sex'era] army cots. Of the army cots we made divans, using I'reiicli 
niattrt'sses for the backs and co\'ering tliem with strips of the glowing 
lining that had been taken out for doors. An army blanket served 
as table cover, and the walls were hung with j-rench ])riiits and 
posters, ivy, and the Hag on one side. Tlu'se with wild flowers served 
as our decorations. 

In this setting we spent our time, looking o\'er rc<j;<>iii(iii.s, Jounutis 
and Tclciirani.s, and reading our letters from honv. Here we discussed 
the probable end of the war. the downfall of kings, the Owl drug 
store robbery and the latest rumor. Mere ewry afternoon we gathered 
for tea, drinking it out of a very |)retty tea set that we had jnirchased 
in Paris with money from the "fund." With the tea was served thin 
bread and butter. Sometimes the butter was "oleo," sometimes svru)), 
and often the bread w.is limited, but there was alwavs tea and chattel. 
During the latter part of the Cliateau-Thierry drive the time spent 
in the room was short and the chatter confined to a hurried question 




NURSES CLUB 



152 ^^^ Active Skhvice 

about a |)atifnt. this case or tliat was discussi-d — souictinu's a hush for 
"Taps"— well ! 

One of our doorways faced a pauorania of wood-crowned hills, a 
river and three of the most noted roads in l^'rance. One road was tree- 
bordered, a silver line wliere trucks and motors passed up and down 
endlesslv. The second was the railroad on which our boys went to 
the battlefields, sing-ing-, waving-, and cheering; and on which they 
returned to us. silent, broken, but undaunted. There was a special 
train known as "old :>()," and when it was missing from the tracks 
we knew the errand on which it had gone and unconsciously watched 
for its return. It used to come around the liill so slowly that one could 
scarcelv see it move or l)e sure it halted until the three short whistles 
that meant "a convoy is in" called us to our posts in the wards. 

The third road ran just a few yards from our tent door, with the 
river beyond — the last road of all. for the boys we left in France. 
It was a short road, ending in a plot at the foot of the hill where the 
sun's last light touclied tlu' white crosses "row on row." 

^^'h(■n the sunnner waned we planned for a more substantial struc- 
ture. The onlv building available was a ward occupied by woiuided 
German ])risoners. WJicn they were evacuated we had more leisure 
and willing hands transformed the unpretentious barrack into the 
pretty, comfortable "club." Oerman ])risoners under Tieutenant Wells' 
direction built a huge fireplace of eonnnon rock and cement, the only 
fire))lace in anv club we knew — how tiie fame of that fireplace went 
abroad in the A. E. F. ! Sergeant Phillips made tea room, kitchenette 
and dressing rooms out of the offices, ])ut seats in every corner, shelves 
and window boxes according to .Miss Phel])s' blue prints, and last of 
all made specially shaped boxes for tiny fir trees. Flectricians wired, 
skilful fingers put the piile yellow paper on the walls, while others 
cleaned the windows and filled the boxes with iv\ and moss. 

In the midst of it all someone said: "There's a car going to Chau- 
mont at noon with a ]>atient — a French officer. Could you be ready to 
start for Paris then, for draperies for the club?" The forced calm- 
ness with which we answered, "Yes, we'll be ready." How the gray 
November day brightened ! The drive through the Torraine country, 
peasants at work in the fields, an ox and a horse harnessed together. 

November 10 at Versailles we passed the hotel where the confer- 
ence was then going on. Armed guards were without. 



\\lTlI J5.\SK HOSI'ITAL I'uUTV-SiX 153 

\()\(inl)<r II in Paris I NoNcinhvr 1 '2 in Paris! Tlicn ransacking 
Paris shops on tlic tliirtrtntli and t'ourtccntli for Jnst the rii>ht sliadcs 
to blend with the yellow ])a|)er — (ialleries Lafayette. The IJon Marehe. 
names to eonjuic with. At last we found a lo\tl\ shade of hluc t"or tin- 
windows in the larji'e room. l)luf and yellow entonne for cushions, a 
yellow rose on a white 1> ickiironnd tor the tea room, and jxjsters from 
Hrentano's on the Rue del Opera for the walls. 

Then came the trip home, our baggage lost Ix tweeii Paris and liar le 
Due. our journey to Nancy to recover it. We ne\ ir could explain tlie 
trip to Nancy because excryliody was doin*;' it just then. Closed during 
the war. many sightseers rushed th.re iuunediately afterw;irds. 

.Monday our pai-kages arrived intact and \\Cdnesda\- night every- 
thing was in place for the ()])ening dance — even -.hades for the I'iectric 
lights fashioned at the last moment by the busy Red Cross Scarcber. 
\\'e were so ])roud that night I And often afterward we were proud. 
•■IS on the night of the Thanksgiving party, the night tbc "bovs" gave 
an tiitertainment — such a splendid one it was. And our "Little 
Nicholas'" party — shall we e\ tr forget how those hundred I'reiich tots 
filled their pockets with j;nn sandwicbes, or hung around the tree 
entranced, and finally went home singing 'A'ive L'Ameri({ue !" 

Afternoon tea went on daily. Then came the Christmas ])rcpara- 
tions. \\\- found some real decorators among the convalescents and we 
made our wreaths beside the fire and in the te.-i room, our candv for 
the boys in the little kitchenette. 'I'he Christmas part\- -tbc New 
Year's dance, when we luard for the first time th.at we were going 
borne — the impromi)tu parties and little dinners beside the fire; the 
ghost stories, the day we ex))ected Mary Roberts Rinehart. tbc dav 
Miss Stimson and Miss Isom came — but the climax of memories 
comes when, the uuisie over, the d.ancers gone, rnv turns for a last 
look down the long room through the ivy garlands to the glowing 
fire. 

ELEANOR DONALDSON 



I ,", I () \ A ( i- 1 V I'. S I : H \ I ( 1 •: 

IMII", MUSl'.S' IM'IHMAHV 

A 'I' I'MHST. wlicn .iiiv i>l' llir inirsis hcc'inii' sick, tlicy wcrr cnrcd 
J. 5l I'or in llicir (lumicrs, wliii'li \v,-is I'.ir from sal isl .•ictory. hci'.-iiisi 
('\('ii luirscs. \ou know, wani lo I'dl they .in- in tlic proper place when 
lonsillitis. measles or an\ oilier inrei'tion a|)pears. 

I'nclc Samuel, when Iw Ix^an lo liuild up liis war machine, did not 
|)ro\ ide nuich for ihc care and trealmeni ol' his nurses. lie lilted iheni 
oul in i>re.it st\le. oro-.mi/i d them well. Iiul a|)parently I'oro-ol that 
llie\-. as well as the men ha\c llieir illnesses. So after a short tim,-. 
Ihrouiih the help ol' CoIoimI \'einu\ and the o-cnerosity of the Red 
Cross. .1 section ol one of the linildin<j,s w.is allotted I'or a nurses 
inlirni.'irw The sei'tion w.as p,-iuelled oH'. linoleum 1,-iid on the lloor, the 
w ills p;ipered, idi.iirs. rui;s. elc. until the pl.icc .ictually had a home- 
like .iiiijear.ince. .iiid I rom th.al time on the nurses inlirm.iry was n 
"i're.'il .addition to the m.iin dcp.irtmeiit s of H.asc Hospital Ki. 

ir ore douhted th.il the nurses who were p.itieiils there did not (iijov 
lllcnisi l\ (s. .ill tli.it had to he done to jirovc tli.il the\' were \ cry con- 
tented w.-is to st.and ,it the door of the inlirm.irv .iiid listen. 




MK.>^K.S W AUn 



With Base Hosimtai. Fohtv-Six 



155 




THE LITERARY SOCIETY 

N tlif ,irri\al of Base H().s])ital Ki at Bazoillts. it was 
found that the city, so beautiful in arcliitccturf. so 
rich and frajrrant in its cvcr-chano-inii; nioinuncnts to 
thi' Cioddess of Aj^riculturc, was lacking in those thinti-s 
appealing to the higher literary tastes and ideals. To 
meet this lack, the Eiterary Society was organized. The idea emanated 
from the brain of Major Benson, who. though a mere Captain at the 
lime, dis))l;iyed as never before, his re.il talent for organization. His 
promotion to a majority came largely as a result of these efforts. 
Inducted into office as its first ])resident, he maintained his leadership 
for many months. It was with keen regret that we were compelled to 
accept his resignation in November, when he returned from leave so 
weakened and enfeebled that he felt inca[)able of presiding further. 
A resolution passed at the following meeting expressed the heartfelt 
regret of the Society at being unable to get from him nnich of the 
accumulated wealth of his ])revious experiences. 

Meetings of the Society were held at irregular inter\als — weekly, 
semi-weekly, daily or T. I. I). P. C. — .-ind could !);■ called b\- any mem- 
ber who felt he had something of interest or value to offer. A quorum 
consisted of three or more members, each one of whom was required to 
lia\f several memlxrship tickets. These membership tickets were 
engraved for us at considerable cost by the French government. For 
those who are anxious to obtain souvenirs of Base Hospital M), dupli- 
cates of these tickets are still obtainable. Sessions of the Societv 
closed promptly at 1 1 o'clock, at which hour the lights Avent out. For 
a time they were ])rol()nged by the use of candles, but it ])rove(l diffi- 
cult to rend ))a|)(rs or shady drawings by this dim and wavering 
light, so the |)ractice was discontinued. For a time great inconvenience 
was caused by the frecjuent occurrence of air raid alarms. The ])ro- 
(Iromal symi)t()ms. fi\-e winks of the light, weri followed within a 
few seconds by a l)lackn(ss discouraging even to the most devoted 
literateur. 

A resolution signed by all of our members was forwarded to the 
airplane service of the (ierman Army. re(]uestiiig that no airplanes 
be allowed to cross the lines before 1 1 p. m. ^^■ith customary brutality, 
the request was refused. Tliereu|)on. a protest was sent to the Com- 
manding (ieneral of the American Army setting out the degree of our 
distress. The reply came promptly in the form of an Allied Drive, 
which forced the enemy so far from our beloved Bazoilles, that air 
raids no longer occurred. Thus was the Societv saved. 



]'>6 Ox Active Service 

Not .-vll of the ()ri<>:inal ineinbcrs of tlir Society remained as active 
participants. I^icutcnant Palmer was prevailed u})on to resign and 
accept a ))osition as Kibitzer. This change was welcomed with great 
enthusiasm by Lieutenant Houldin. who was never more cheerful than 
when Lieutenant Palmer acted as his special mascot. Lieutenant Blair, 
to whom tlie Society owes an eternal debt of gratitude for his expert 
dissertation on "The Position of the Goophle and Gim])er in Modern 
Day Literature. " was tem])orarily disabled by the practical a))plica- 
tion of his theories. To replace these losses, an attempt was made to 
develop two jjromising novices, Lieutenant Mangan and ^NL-vjor Skene. 
The attempt proved costly, and was a dismal failure. The names of 
Cliaplain Colton ,'ind Lieutenant West were then considered, but they 
refused the protfen-d election. 

^Lajor Wight was with us on several occasions; being of nervous 
temperament, he was lU'ver able to sit through an entire evening. 
LTsuallv he came late, but his coming aroused in all tlu' keenest en- 
t'uisiasm. as lu' was almost certain to contribute something of value. 
Another of our fairly steady contributors was C'ai)tain Morse. He 
showed a tendency to force an argument, even when he was not com- 
petent to dis])ute the facts in liand. He raised many interesting ))oints. 
but the results were costly, aiul his discouragement was expressed in 
phrases which we hesitate to quote verbatim. Major Joyce was seldom 
with us. Owing to his high position in the unit, he was furnished with 
sjjccial menibersliip certificates by the (luartermaster. He was care- 
less enough to h)se several of these, which the tinders found great 
difficulty in using. 

Special mention nuist be made of Major Koch. On sucii oc-casions as 
he could be relieved from his s])ecial duties at Base Hospital ()(). lu' 
joined our members. His decisions were always slow and deliberate; 
his remarks were frequently pat. and there was little bluff about them. 
His ealnuu'ss under stress was notable; even in a crowd with a full 
house before him. his liaiul did not shake nor his voice tremble. 

During a few of our earlier sessions, we were held spellbound bv 
some peculiarly original contributions from our young Southern 
friend, Lieutenant Daves. But his guardian. Major .lovce, put his 
foot down solidly and firmly, refusing to allow the child to remain 
up for any further sessions. 

We cannot close without expressing the gratitude which we know 
the wdiole organization feels toward one of our most zealous workei's. 
Lieutenant Steiner. Li a spirit of utter open-heartedness, he extended 



With Uase Hospital Fohtv-Six 1.V7 

to the Society tlir iisf of liis (juartcrs as a c-lul) room. He prniiitted the 
use of his chairs and table, the latter upholstered with one of his 
most cherished possessions — an autiqiu- — a relic of his former ca\alr\ 
(lavs (Blanket — (). 1). 1). He furnished light, he furnished heat, 
and on extra cold davs. he served licjuified Sterno .as an adjuni'l. l'"or 
all this we herehy express our lirateful tlianks. 

We feel keenly that the Literary Society has l)een one of the most 
patent factors for good in the entire organization. It has stimulated 
literary taste, promoted good fellowship, and aided materially in keep- 
ing up our morale. 




THE PERSOXXEL CLUB 

■N ALCiL'ST. H)1S. Chaplain Colton developed the idea 
that the personnel of Base Hos])ital Ki needed room 
for ])lay. Suitable s])ace was tinalh- obtained b\- parti- 
tioning otf a portion of the Laboratory Building. Next 
came th,- problem of furnishings •••.nd decorations. The 
Red Cross was a])pealed to and agrei'd to furi'ish the club, and oui- 
nurses sewed and })repared draperies and hangings. The walls were 
decorated with French ^^'ar Posters and a ])lace of honor was allotted 
to the Ixautiful silk Hag. ])resented by Elks' Lodge I t'^ of Portland. 
Ori'gon. 'I'lie club was then coin))lete with writing tables, games of 
all kinds, magvizines and ;i small library. There were comfortable 
chairs and a good coal sto\ e around which the boys gatlu-red nightly 
to toast their shins. 'I'his was always the one really good ])lace to 
find men for the numerous det.ails. which speaks well for the comfort 
of" the club roouK .V house committee was formed with Sergeant Hughes 
as chairman. 

The formal opening of the club was an evening which will live long- 
in the memory of the boys. The ])rogram was entirely imj)romi)tu and 
w.as opened by l)rief reniarks by Coloiu-ls Davis and Yenney. The 
balance of the program was furnished by mtinbers of the ])ersonnel. 
winding up with a tempting linieh. 

The club room gave sjjlendid service from all viewpoints, as a recre- 
ation hall, for religious services, orchestra ])ractice, etc. The club 
aided materi.ally in maintaining the morale of the men in the long, 
hard da^'S and nights wdien the great drives were on. And every two 
weeks an imjiromjitu j)rogram was given, though it frequently hap- 
pened that during these, the air raid alarm \>ould be sounded and 



158 



On Active Service 



lights would go t)ut, making postponement necessary. We all feel that 
the greatest value of the club was in helping cement the friendships 
begun in Camp Lewis or on our trij) over — to endure as long as we 
all shall live. 

SERGEANT EVERETT HUGHES 



THE BIBLE CLASS 




l''ACTOR of considerable importance in the life of our 
unit has been the Bible Class. On our arrival at Cam)) 
Lewis it was soon discovered by those interested that a 
class was being held twice a week at Y. M. C. A. Xo. 1. 
and many availed themselves of its benefits as time and 
oi)portunity would ])ermit. 

In the verv nature of things, however, such a class could only be 
transient. When our hospital was called for overseas service it had no 
organized effort of its own in this department until it reached Cam]) 
^Nlerritt. On the last day of our sto]) at this place it was announced 
that the Rev. T. R. Davis wished to mei't the boys that night in one 
of the barracks. He spoke to us of the practical benefits and tlie 
necessity of systematic and daily study of the Book of Books, and 
presented each with a copy of the New Testament in return for a 
pledge to do, as far as possible, some daily reading. Six leaders were 
appointed to give organized form to this effort. The group thus 
became a member of the great Pocket Testament League. 

When we finally became settled in our new home in France a Bible 
Class, open to all, was organized by members of the I>eague. Mean- 
while, many of the less active members still remained faithful to their 
pledge. Much credit belongs to Private Hargrove, one of the ap- 
pointed leaders and chairman of the class, for his untiring efforts. 

During the sunnner months, and as long as the weather permitted, 
the class used to go out on the hillside back of the camp for its meet- 
ings. The reservoir was a favorite rendezvous. Beside the personnel, 
patients were invited to attend. A systematic study of St. Matthew's 
Gospel was begun. Much value and benefit has been derived from 
these meetings, and their moral effect, though not appreciated by 
some, cannot be doubted. Although the unusual rush during the great 
Allied offensive made such meetings tnicertain and secondary, yet no 
on? feels tliat his efforts to attend them, and es))ecial]y. to do some 
dailv readiuii' of his Testament have been in \ain. 



AXEL NELSON 



\\'iTH Bask Hospital Fohtv-Six 



159 



BASEBALL AT lORTV SIX 



B 




BASEBALL 



lASEBALL was alxxit the ni\\y iivunr 

for wliicli liic enlisted personnel of 

K) found nnieli time, and altliougli the 

men did not lia\c nuieli time for ))rat'tice. 

ne\ irtlieless tlie\' often yaxc a neat exiiilii- 

tion of the Ji'ame. The handicap of Laek of 

e(|uipnKnt also ha 1 lo lie considered. A 

\)\iX supply of ((luipmt nt was furnished hy 

the Red Cross at (amp Lewis and it was 

( sen! o\trseas. where it finally arrived Feb- 

Mf - ■ . • ' "H ruar\- \. li)IS). a triHe late for the season 

oC 1})IS. The hoys lost no ti ne in iitttin<>; 
started after t!iey laiuled on the hanks 
of tile Meuse. for on July I. I!) IS. two days after arrival, they met 
and defeated Bas Hospital IKi. ^^'hen the unit mo\ ed across tlie 
river to its |)eruianent location, a short time was dexoted to ])rattice 
e\try afternoon wlKiiever it was possible. Se\tral games were i)laved 
throughout the season and 1() won the great majoritv of them. The 
only team that bested her at .all was a Miobile Operating unit that had 
till' good fortune of ha\"ing sctcr/il cx-j)rofessionals in its line-up. .Vs 
cliami)ion among the scM'ral base hospitals in the valley. Ki stood 
supreme. 

The team had the ad\antage of a real ])itcher in the person of 
"Slim" Kackley. This tall, lanky ])itchcr. with his long right arm. 
shattered the fond ho])es of inanv a slugger, for he had plent\- of 
curves, a good "fast" one. and f;iir control. He had the ad\antage 




TATIFA'T S MESS HALL 



]()() 



On Active Skkvice 



also of liavin<;- a tirst-ratr fatclicr. Haslior. to hold liiin. liashor also 
had all kinds of fight and a cool head, which kept the machine steadied 
down at all times and whose strong right arm canglit many a base 
runner trying to steal second. At first base we had Stinson, of basket- 
hall fame, but unknown as a baseball player. Not unknown for any 
length of time. howe\'er. for he soon proved his worth to the fans. He 
never failed on a ground ball; iu' was a speed demon on tiie paths and 
his long distance clonts in the jnnches broke n]) many a fond dream 
for the opposing ])itcher. Compliments are due all the ))layers whose 
names are mentioned below. We must not forget tiu' Miller Twins, 
whose daring lasc runnino- and ability to "i)ut o\ir'" tlu' stiueeze ])I;iy 
won at least one 1 to (I game for i(). 

The boys |)layed e\-erv minute of the time. Their s])irit was good 
and tii.Te was ro "cral)bing." Many of the enlisted men. the officers 
and the nurses took nnu-h interest in the team and that accounted, in a 
great measure, for the snccess. 

The line-nj): l^ashor. catcher; Kackley. pitcher; Osborne, pitcher; 
Stinson. first base; A. .Miller, second base; Jirown. shortsto]) ; Harlow, 
third base; Briggs. Morene. G. ^liller and Mitchell, outfielders; Stelsel, 
manager; Lieutenant I'almcr. director of athletics. 




OUR I'OOTBALL ARTISTS 

'I' WAS indeed a difficult task to usher i'ootball into 
the daily curriculum of t!i ■ "l'"ighting .Medics" of Base 
Hosj)ital K). However, to usher the great American 
ganu' out ))roved to be a unu-h simpler feat. Several 
weeks after Coach Newman sounded the call for volun- 
teers, the first contingent put in its appearance on a very a))pro})riate 
])lot of ground near the grave yard. Several out of the turnout of 
the eight men had some previous scant experience on the gridiron. 
The others were by no means eager to engage in an\- \iolent exercise, 
but saw in turning out for football they would be relieved from duty 
for two hours every afternoon. After their first night out. thev were 
far more eager to remain at their resiieetive duties. 

At any rate we started. After much jjcrsuasion enough men turned 
out to make nearly two full teams, .lust as the team was rounding 
into form and it w;vs being noised abcnit that K) was going to have a 
real team, the boom was lowered by our connnanding officer, for it 
happened tliat we were running full blast, and convoys were coming 



With Bask Hospital Forty-Six H)I 

in with increasing regularity, and he conceived the ide.i that packing 
stretchers would be wonderful training for football aspirants. Were 
same true, the team which rejiresented K) should ha\c won the cham- 
))ionshi|) of the A. K. 1'". in a walk. 

About two months later the rush weakened and ]>rospects for turn- 
ins; out once more seemed bright. However, the men craved rest and 
it was only after it was announced tiiat those who made the football 
scjuad wouhl he excused from drill that a full sized crew could be 
gathered. 

^^^■ inmiedlately scheduled a game and on a Sund.-iy afternoon, just 
a week later, were ready for the fray. It might be well to ;idd here 
that several new uien had to learn the signals just before the whistle 
blew, but ill spite of our lack of ])ractice the team a|)|)eared tit. Our 
adversaries were a husky buneli of truck dri\ers from the Motor 
Trans])ort Corps. In its lineuj) were several men who were formerlv 
Eastern College stars and from all appearances l"ew among them 
would be ])icked to attend a pink tea partv. 

The weatlur was ideal for murder. Up until a few minutes before 
the game there was not a cloud in the sky. but fi\c minutes before the 
whistlt> it began to rain. 

The game itself was a c-ross between ;i ])ri/.e fight and a Congres- 
sional debate. When there was no slugging evervone on the Held was 
arguing with either the referee or with the o]i]>osition. 

The first half ended with Base Ki on the long ( nd of a (i to O score, 
which was the result of .'i forward pass. It took nearly two hours to 
play the next .SO-miuute half. The referee was the center of attraction 
as well as attack. It was during this period that one of the M. T. C. 
speedsters got away for a touchdown. They succeeded in kicking go.al 
and the score stood 7 to (i with Base Ki not on the long end. and thus 
the g.ame ended. 

Now for a i\w sidelights and i)ost mortem remarks. .Several of the 
men had just finished their first game of footl:;ill and manv more 
insisted that they li.id just conii:)leted their last. Among these, a man 
who was involuntarily inducted to play in the back field was (luoted 
as saying: "I liaxc often wondered how it feels to i)!a\- a game of foot- 
ball and now that I know I'll take mine on the side liiu's heri'af ter." 

To su.n up in a word ahout the football season, we quote from Cap- 
tain and Coach, ■A\kll, wv only lost one game this whole season." 



162 



On Active Service 




THE CONVALESCENT ENTERTAINERS 

\ the Hotsam and jetsam that was washed u]) from the 
liij;- l'"all drive, tliere eauie to Base Hospital No. i^G a 
iie\er eiidiiii!; stream of siek and wounded doughboys. 
^Ve had eome to regard these contiiuial streams of sick 
and wounded men as simply part of our day's work and 
as hoys worthy of every kindness we could give them. Tims they 
came and went, but in this motley crew there were men who were soon 
to bring us many pleasant hours. Tliere was a big fellow from the 
infantry with a machine-gun bullet through his arm. whom we found 
out to be instead of Private McKee, was Mayne W. MeKee. who back 
in the davs before the war was quite "some pumpkins" at producing 
good vaudeville acts and shows. He soon saw how badly off we were 
in the amusement line ami volunteered to fix the matter up. He searched 
about and found Sergeant Speidel, who in private life was Charles 
Speidel of Jerome Remick & Co., and the author of many a good song 
hit. Then he found Private Hall, who in private life was "Sunshine" 
George A. Hall, one of the famous Keystone comedians and a black- 
face performer of great reputation. Thus fortified with two able lieu- 
tenants, he was ready to proceed. I'urther search on the ))art of the 
trio soon brought to light other j)rofessional talent ; Bert Bowman of 
the Bandman Oriental Tour Com])any ; Jack Belco of the Honolulu 
Ciirl Company; Johnny Byam of the Louisiana Lou and Jazz Night- 
mare Companies; Lowrence Hager of "There She Goes," and then 
with Val Marconi of the famous ALarconi Brothers, and Jack Wayman, 
formerly with (nis Edwards School Days, but now with Base Hospital 
No. 18, and "Our Own" Victor Orr and Charles Bauer they formed 
the Convalescent Entertainers. 

■Major Otis B. Wiglit was a])])ealed to and he very generously 
agreed to hold all of the boys at Base Hospital No. l6. After several 
weeks' rehearsing, they ])ut on their first show at the Personnel Club, 
and it was a tremendous hit. The following two evenings the perform- 
ance was given in the Y. AL C. A. before a packed house and the offi- 
cial "Board of Censors." 

It was i)assed unanimously and recorded as an enormous success, and 
it will be a long time before the inimical drollaries of "Sunshine" 
Georgie Hall and the beautiful compositions of Charles Speidel will 
be forgotten. The Convalescent Entertainers appeared evervwhere in 
this area under the .lusjjices of the Y. M. C. A. They made such a hit 
that the Y. M. C. A. appealed to General Headquarters that thev 



With Bask Hosimtal Fohtv-Six 



163 



might lie (Iftaclicd that all tlif boys in I'ranci- might sec their ))cr- 
formaiicf. 

\\'hilf at IJasc Hospital Ki the liovs t-nti'i'taiiud in the wards and 
there never was a special feed that they were not on the job to help 
make it a regnlar meal. On Thanksgiving day the program reiKJered 
was splendid. They had written special songs that were a))ropos of 
the occasion and "Snnshine" Georgie and Johnny Hyam |)iit on one of 
their eelehrated "Specialties," "The Latrine Dance." 

The hoys did not confine their entertaining to Base Hospital K). bnt 
went all o\ cr the center and there is many a bed-ridden soldier who 
was hel))ed on his way to recovery by their merrv songs and jokes. 

The ])rogram rendered by the boys was thoroughly entertaining and 
original, with emphasis on the word "original." as their songs, jokes, 
etc., were all their own and that tlu'v h;id the ability to put them over, 
we all know. 

The "Convalescent Entertainers" were a jjroduct of Base Hospital 
No. 16. and we came to look u])on them as one of us. We surelv felt 
j)roud as the reports came in telling us thev had the l)est show in the 
.v. K. I". They were a good and geni/il crowd of bo\s. and there was 
many a dark and dreary hour they helped to brigliten and man\- a pang 
of homesickness was chased to the tall timbers by their merrv songs, 
jokes and stories. 




C()N\- ALESCEXT ENTERTAINERS 



164 



On Active Service 



THE ORCHESTRA 

WE ALL know that music liath cliarms with which to soothe the 
savage breast, and while the boys were still back in Portland 
around the piano at the Portland Academy, tiiey figured th.at if music 
liad all tile eliarnis witli whieli it was ereditfd, whv not try it in I'ranee. 

It was then decided that Base K). u])()n its arrival overseas, should 
have an orchestra. When the freiglit was being ]).ieked at Camp Lewis, 
the instruments were put in, but somebody not in accord with this 
ordered all tlie freight of Base K) into salvage on its arrival overseas. 
Not to be dismayed, we assembled a set of traps from an old drum, 
dish pan and a couple of shovels, and ])layed at a dance for the offi- 
cers and inirses. wliich was such an enjoyable affair that the officers 
immediately fell in with t!ie idea of developing an orchestra. 

I>ieutenant AA'ood stood sponsor, and with some of the members took 
a trip to Nancy to purchase the instruments. They must have had a 
difficult time, as it took them a "full" day and a half to select li.alf a 
dozen instruments. The instruments were ])ai(l for hy the Am.'rican 
Red Cross upon the a])))eal of our Chaplain. 

Rehearsals were started at once in tl;e men's rccrtation Init. and the 
din and noise eminating therefrom was frightful. "Twas well the doors 
were locked or the m.'.nbers of the orchestra would have been short 
lived. 

^lusic was very scarce; in fact, tlie only co]:)ics obtainable at first 
were some popular piano scores wliicli were brought from the States, 



WWMm: 




ORCHESTRA 



\\'lTlI HaSK HOSIMTAI. I'OkTV-Six 



165 



hut at'tcr a cainass of the C'ciiti r. tliiy finally ^atlKTcd to^'.thcr some 
good minibcrs wliicli sfrxrd as flu ir rcjxrtoire. 

(in at ditticulty was experienced rel)< arsiiii)- tlie repertoire of the 
oreliestra. inasnuieli as the ])i;nio was cariied hack and forth from the 
Nurses Hut to the Personnel Clul). and from there to the nurses' mess, 
and officers' (juarters. It was a counnon sight to see the members of the 
orchestra witli their instruments under their arms, dodginji; hack and 
forth in that celehrat.'d Hazoilles adhesi\e in si arch of the elusixc 
piano. The orchestra was kept (luite husy playing for d/inces. hancjuets 
and par'ies at Base 1(). 'IMieir reputation soon spread and the\- w<re 
called upon to pla\- for the other hospitals in the Center. 

France does not hold a gr( at many ph asuvt ahle memories to which 
we can look I ack. hut the orchestra of Hase Ki was really one of them. 
It will he a long time hefore we forget their sweet strains as thev 
])layed for us at the many dances, dinners and special occasions in old 
Bazoillcs. 



KXPKKIKNCKS WITH A CASUAL COMPANY 

WHEN Base Hospital No. K) left 
Cam]) r.ewis for ))arts unknown. 
thei'c were seven of us left there in the 
hospital. After ser\ ing our se\ tii da\s of 
(|uarantiiu'. three of us receixcd orders to 
follow. 

I'i\c days were recpiired to hring us to 
Cam)) .Mcrritt. N. .1. l'|)on arrival, we 
ran across Private Andrews, who informed 
us th.it our iniit had left for overseas the 
day previous. The four of us with fifty- 
three men were formed into a Casual Com- 
pany, which began preparations for de- 
parture. Two weeks were s])ent in this, 
during which time we were allow( d a mnnher of passes, giving us 
opportunities to visit New York. We finally got aboard the train 
bound for Hoboken. L'pon arrival there we boarded a ferrv boat, 
which took us down to the dock where our ship, the San ./nriiito, was 




]66 On Active Service 

hfrthed. At tin- dock we wore served with cotief and rolls by the Red 
Cross before boardiiiy the shij). 

Owiiiii' to the t'aet that the convoy with which we were to leave 
had gone without us. we were rtMjuired to anchor in New York harbor 
for seven days, awaiting another one. One the niorniuii- of .lulv 1. 
we steamed out to sea and on the forniiny- of our con\()y. fouiul that 
we wei'e one among forty-tive ships. One' battle cruiser led the forma- 
tion. Outside of a little seasickness, everything went well until tlie 
afternoon of the ninth, when "britz ' slipped one of our ships a cigar 
which iinmediatv'ly sank her. the survi\()rs being ])ieked up b\- a 
neighboring ship. Then life on the wave grew exciting. That same 
niglit. our ship collided with another named the Oo.sterd i/ke, which 
carried a cargo of a million and a half rounds of TNT high explosive. 
The prow of our boat struck the other a:nid-ship. missing by about 
tivt feet the magazine holding this cargo. The alarm was innnediately 
given, and everyone stood by the life-boats, but no boats were lowered, 
as an ins])ection by the ca))tain and chief engint cr promised us that 
the boat could ])Ossibly stay aHoat until morning. With the break of 
day, everyone was on deck looking for relief, as tlie rest of our convoy 
had not stopped. Soon we sighted a ship across the horizon, and we 
signaled for them to stand by us. They signaled back that they were 
the shij) that we had hit. and could go full-speed ahead, but would 
stand by us until relief arrived. At once we sent out wireless messages 
and smoke signals for help, in the meantime, turning around and head- 
ing for the nearest port. Halifax, at the speed of about four knots an 
hour. 

That afternoon the Oostcrd ijkc signaled that they were "abandoning 
shii^." The captain gave orders to stop that we might pick u]) the 
survivors from the life-boats as they came alongside our ship. This 
left us alone with an additional crew aboard, for forty-eight hours, 
when a Norwegian boat came and stood by us until relieved by an 
American steamer, which took off" the survivors of the sunken ship. 
After ten days of suspense and anxiety we reached Halifax witlunit 
further disaster. 

It fell our luck to have to unload the cargo of the San Jacinto, which 
took us exacth' seven days. C)n finishing this job. we boarded an Eng- 
lish boat, the Xagoi/(i. and left Halifax duly 'iT- This time, in an Eng- 
lish convoy of ten ships. C)wing to the recent great disaster there. 
Halifax was no inviting place for one to stay. So were were only too 
glad to be on our wav once more. 



U ITU B\SK M()>1>ITA[, loiITV-SiX 



ui: 



\\'itli()iit t'lirtlur inisiiai). \vc arrixcd and laiultd in London, hoarded 
a train for \\'inc'li('.sttr. at whicli place we hiked four and a half miles 
to one of tho.se famous Knglish rest c-am])s. After si])])in<i- tea for two 
davs with the Englisli there, we hiked nine and a h.alf miles more to 
Southamjjton. where we hoarded the Ann riean l)eat Yah which took 
us across the channel to I.a Havre, i'rance. Three days were s])ent 
in another English rest camp, then we departed for j)arts of France 
unknown. 

l)urini>- our first night on the train, we were greeted with one of 
those famous "Hun Air Raids."" in which they tore u]) the track in 
.several places behind us. by dropping a few of tlieir Ci. T. Cans. Our 
journev took us through \'ers;iilles and Orh-ans and finally landed 
us in an American casual camp at St. Aignan. August 1.). IDIS. There 
wc met a number of old friends from the States, who gave us nuich 
valuable "military information." as to tlu' whereabouts of Base Hos- 
pital Xo. Ki. Four days were spent here in gas drill and the receiving 
of new equipment, and our casual company was disbanded and sent out 
to their various organizations. Our orders read to ])roceed to Ba/.oilles- 
sur-Meuse to join our own unit, which we did on August 'J 1 . 

SERGEANT EIMKH I.. JOHNSON. 




PAPER WORK 

JiASE HOSPITAL has two functions — keeping records 
and taking care of patients. The former is called "pajier 
work;" it is much the more important of the two. Army 
regulations (G. O. .S7()8,) LS B. X. Par. 3 addenda) re- 
(juire that as much time as possible should be devoted to 

paper work. Any extra time, as far as it causes no inconvenience, mav 

be devoted to tlu- patients. 

Those of us who had h.ui the benefit of traininii' camp experience, or 
Base Hospital experienc" in the States had already rtXH'ived some 
training along these lines. But most of us came over utterly ignorant 
of the rules and regulations For tlu^ benefit of the majority. ('a))tain 
Dillehunt gave us an inspiring t.alk on the subject. Sj^ace ))revents my 
going into detail on the contents of the talk, but it may be summarized 
in a few words, as follows: "Put down on your records everything you 
can think of. and a few things you can't. Summarize them at length, 
and include in your sunnnarv anv sjucial peculiarities of the patient, 
such as favoriti food (to .aid in making uj) di.-t lists), and his favorite 
nurse. Then write in the diagnosis. 



1()8 On Ac'tivk Skhvu e 

Tlu' qufstion of (li;iu,iu)sis is the most ditticult to settle. But a beiiefi- 
fieiit \\','ir Departnunt has put out a pauiplilet entitled "Sick and 
Wounded Report" as a guide to beginners. This booklet gives a list 
of diseases which it is possible to have in the army; no other diseases 
are allowed. It is used as follows: You decide in a general way what 
you think may be the matter with the patient. Tiien you run over the 
list of allowable diseases and find one as nearly like it as possible. 
This is tlien entered in the record as your diagnosis. It works on the 
same principal as buying shoes at the connnissary. You have a general 
idea of the size of your foot. You arc shown a stack of shoes of all 
shapes, descriptions and sizes (especially ti\ es and thirteens) and select 
a pair which gives a general impression of suiting. But there is one 
striking difference. If th.e shoes don't fit you c-an ch;inge them; but if 
the diagnosis doesn't fit. the patient must keep it anyway. He is al- 
lowed neither to e.xchangv it. sell it, nor gi\'e it away. As stated before 
the list is incomplete. "Oogophnia " in ;ill its manifold forms, docs not 
ajjpear. Therefore, if a patient comes in with "()ogt)phnia," a substi- 
tute diagnosis is necessary, such as. "Loosi- body in the head — bilateral 
" — congenital — L. O. D. ' 

The question of "L. O. D. — yes or no" is most important. Upon it 
depends whether the patient does or doesn't. 'I,. (). I). — Yes " means 
that in after years, if trouble arises, the patient will be entitled to a 
pension. On the other hand, in case of "L. O. I). — No. " he will not 
be entitled to a pension, but must get it indirectly by bringing pressure 
to bear on his Congressman. All diseases due to misconduct, including 
drunkenness, are not in line of duty. But difficulties of interpretation 
arise. Many cases of intoxication have c(nne up in which the ])atien: 
stated positively that he had not touched a droj) for five years, but lia I 
merely been sitting at a table with others who were drinking. After 
due consideration it was decided to classify this group as follows: 

"Alcoholism, acute, bilateral; due to inhalation of ]joisoiu>us gas — 
L. O. D. Yes." 

It is required that all the data above mentioned be recorded on t'u- 
field medical card, encased in field medical envelopes. But for a long- 
period these forms were not available, and records were ke])t on prog- 
ress sheets, history sheets, subjective symptom sheets, family historv 
sheets, personal history sheets, laboratory sheets (forms A to Z), 
miscellaneous sheets, and when all these were gone, on wrapping- 
paper. A few patients came down to us from the front with field 
medical cards already made out. This was alwa\s a great help, as it 
g;i\e us in detail just wiiat had happened to tiie patient, what hospital 



^\ iTii Bask Hospital Fuhtv-Six 



I (>;) 



li- liad hfcii ill. .111(1 wliat Irtatimiit lia:l hitii iiivtii. A sptciiiicn of 
such a record is given below: 



F. H. 
Kvac. Hos]). ()(iS 


B H 

Datf 


B. II 


Date 


Date. Sfpt. 18 






F. U. O. 






Oct. 18 Fahc. 






X. J. 







But this is only one of tlu' typis of record ;-c(]iiircd. In addition 
there is the ward record book, with all the rssciitiai data in brief. 
Ke(|uisitioii slips, diet slips. re(|iiests for X-Ray and laboratory work, 
transfer sli])s (to be signed by three majors and countersigned by the 
Comnianding General A. E. F.. before valid). ])ersonal reports. (|iiali- 
fieation cards, etc.. ad lib. And ( \try time one of the consultants of the 
A. E. F. (^^^ a. Dept.), got restless along would come a request for 
a bimonthlv statistical record of the number of cases of fracture of 
the auditor\' ossicle, due to concussion of high explosixc shells, or the 
number of bites ])er "cootie ))er patient per day. And if these reports 
were not in on time, we might expect in our mail a friendly, welcome, 
little note from our Adjutant, begirniing "kiiidlv explain 1)\- endorse- 
ment hereon." 

Without doubt the most imjxirtant of these records was the morning 
report. This is a daily re))()rt. requiring considerable mathematical 
skill. The data given is the number of |)atients on hand vesterdav. the 
luunbcr of patients admitted and the lunnb.cr discharged in the 'i I 
hours. I'rom these meager facts one must determine: 

( 1 ) The number of ])atients on hand todav. 

('■2) The iiiiinher of emptv beds. 
After several months' training, most ward surgeons are able to fur- 
nish fairly accurate figures, though this statement will be flatly denied 
bv the staff of the receiving ward. By s])ecial ariangeinent. the morn- 
ing report for Base Hospital Ki was made to include certain other 
data regarding the classification and disposition of jjatients. If artistic- 
ally presented, these figures looked well on the back of the morning 
report blank, aiul as far as could be learned, did no further harm. It 
is reciuired that the morning report he in by 7:00 a. in., and one of the 
most iin])ressive sights ahout the hos|)ital was to see each ward surgeon. 
IJromptly at 6:15 a. m.. m/ircli to his ward, to i)repar( his moi-ning 
rei)ort and have it in on time. It is greatly to the credit of our unit 
that no ward surgeon was e\tr known to shirk this \ ital dut\-. 



170 



On Active Servk e 




DO.MHKMV 

ITUATEl) on the Mcusf, in the j)r()\ iiicf of \^).so;c,s. is 
a smnl] vilL-tgc of |)t'rlia|).s one Inuulrtd souls, with 
nothing to distinguish it from innuniciahh' other l"r( lu-h 
villages of its size sa\'f tlu- history of one of its early 
inhabitants. This \illage is tailed Donn-eniy. and is the 
birtli-):)lacc of Joan of Arc. Being in our neighborhood, there was 
scarcely a member of the staff or personnel who did not pay at least 
one visit to her shrine. 

It is with a feeling of awe and reveniice that one turns his steps 
tin-ough the quiet streets. To the average American it would seem that 
perha])s few changes liad been wrought in the old village since that 
memorabh' day in February. 1 f^Ji), when tliis sim])le )naid«'n bade it 
farewell, never to return. 

On asking to see her home, one was directed to an ancient abode of a 
story and a half, which, upon closer scrutiny was found to be in a 
fine state of preservation. Unlike most of the houses ty))ieal of the 
French village, it was not divided by a narrow hall running through the 
center, but on the ground floor there was one large living room with 
three smaller ones opening into it, an arrangement similar to that 
found in many American homes. In this coiniection, the term ground 
floor had a special significance in that the earth is its only constituent, 
made hard as rock by the pressure of innumerable feet for almost five 
centuries. After ])assing through the first room which eont.ains little 




A STATUE AM) THK HIKTHI'LACE OF JOAN OF ARC 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 



171 



furniture aside from the huge rire-plaee, one enters two snalhr rooms, 
one of whieh. was claimed to be the bed cliamber of Joan. 'I'he upper 
floor with its bare oak rafters was probably used as a storeroom. l)ut 
now remodelled and serves as a small nniseum. where are dis])]ayed 
banners presented bv \arious Freneli or<>;anizations. liooks and oth>'r 
records of her life and aehievements and numerous artiehs of interest 
to till' tourist. 

Nearby stands tlie old village elmreh. where she was a devout at- 
tendant. This building, which has been largely restored in recent years, 
differs l)ut little from other \ illage cimrches except for its stained 
glass wiu(h)ws. whieh l)eautifully ))ortray .foan's short but e\-eiitful 
career. 

About two kilometers west of Domremy on tin- hillside, whi-re she 
watched her Hocks, there staiuls a beautiful 15;isilica. This structure, 
recently erected by the ])eople of France to the memory of their heroine, 
stands on the spot where it is believed she beheld her first vision and 
heard her "\oices." On cut, ring the l)uilding. we are struck by the 
magnificence of its interior. It is of Roman architi cture. The two long 
sidewalls are covered by six large mural paintings by Rover, depict- 
ing the leading events of her career. 

No matter what our \ iews relative to the various motives .-iseribed 
to Joan of Arc, we cannot di'uy her a ))rominent ))laec among the 
heroines of France, ^^'ith this thought in mind we could not help but 
feel, on leaving this humble village, that we have been treading on 
sacred ground. 

L. A. MANGAN 




OUR EXPERIENCE WITH WILD BOAR 

^^ FRENCHMAN had told us there were boar back in tlu 
thickets al)out a mile from our hospit.al. Just before the 
Chateau Thierry dri\e. when l)usiness around th(> hos- 
pital was dull, we had leisurely strolled out to explore 
the surroundings and were ])lodding along an old road through a 
broken thicket when we got the first glimple of these unknown animals. 
We examined their tracks which looked like deer to us. Tlie old hunt- 
ing fever began to come back. We knew of some (.15) pistols in 
camp and we started in that night to sec how nuich inniting material 
we could accumulate. We gave strict orders to everyone working 
around the receiving ward to get all the rifle and jiistol shells the 



172 On Active Servkk 

patients brought in and save for us. In a week we liad enough ammu- 
nition to start an offensive on Metz, .'ind for the next three weeks we 
were out looking for our big game without nnieh suecess. We saw tlieni 
a couple of times and discovered they really were deer, and we also 
heard wdiat we thouglit were wild boar in tlie brush a couple of diffe' 
ent times, but we never eould get a shot with the exce])tion of one time 
Devine was out alone and got a shot at the deer i)ut missed. I accused 
him of getting Buck fever, but he refused to admit it. but it did give 
him the idea that perliaps the pistols weren't sliooting straight, so we 
tried tliem out on a big beeclmut tree. Right awav I took l:ack wliat I 
.said and didn't blame him in the least for missing, so we resurrected 
an army rifle, which somewhat restored the old confidence, and I'm 
telling you it needed restoring for we had about given u]) hope. 

I think it was about the fifth morning out that we ran across three 
deer feeding in a little opening. It was barely light, but I succeeded in 
knocking over a fine s])ike buck and probably would have gotten an- 
other one had I been familiar with the army rifle, but it stuck, and I 
had to watch two disappear in the brush. 

We had several fine feeds from this and, of course, felt pretty 
proud ; then we began to turn our efforts toward getting a boar, ^^'e 
sim))ly had to get one. We trailed them, stalked them, laid out nights 
for them for the next two weeks without success, ^^^■ found their 
wallows, but we couldn't find them — until one Sunday six of us were 
out and we ran on to a party of Frenchmen hunting with dogs. 

The Frenchmen carry a stool to sit on when they hunt, and this is 
the way we found them, sitting on their stools waiting for the boar 
which the dogs had just jumped. The boar fooled the dogs about an 
hour in the thickets. The Frenchmen were shooting all around us with 
their shot guns. The hoar finallj' started for the river about .-i mile 
away. I ran him a close second, getting there just as he was going 
uj) the bank on the other side. He looked like a cow to me. The first 
three shots hit him center, and he started to flovmder back toward the 
water, then I cut his right hind leg off with a dum dum bullet. He 
certainl_v was hard to kill, and I was mighty thankful I was on the 
other side of the river, but with the aid of the current we finally got 
him out and I am sure he must have weighed four hundred j^ounds. It 
took the six of us two hours to carry him a mile to the hospital. 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 



173 



The meat we gave to different dei)artments oi' the liospital before 
we tasted it. That night we eooked some and right away wanted to 
earrv it all back to our tent. It certainly was fine. All I can say is that 
I don't think from now on my hunting expeditions will be entirely 

for deer. PRIVATE FIRST CLASS HARRY KA( KI.KY 




OUR ONLY FIRE 
HE FIRE DEPARTMENT has distinguished itself, 
and Base Hospital Mi feels much relieved. It needed to 
distinguish itself to atone for its past misdeeds, and in 
the light of events, seeing that it has more or less, 
])robably saved us all from a fiery grave, we can forgive 
its sins. For what has it done since it was organized? It has jjosed for 
its phot()gra))h in front of the receiving ward. It has rout;'d out the 
o\er-worked ward surgeon and the bored O. 1). at incomcnient inter- 
vals, and. most of all. it has turned loose ujjon our buildings the 
dreaded waters of the Moose. 

On a calm, quiet day, when all nature seemed to .smile, the fire de- 
partment came needlessly rushing up and deluged us with a stream of 
water, and such wati'r ! It would put to flight a covey of limburgers. 
E\ t-n the Bazoilles manure piles shuddered and cowered back into their 
corners, and for days thereafter the sprayed zone would be shunned 
for life could not exist within its limits. No ou" has ever discovered 
where that water came from, how it got there or how long it stayed, 
but no one doubts that the fire depart.nent and its chief are responsible. 
But they put out our conflagration and saved our lives. How the 
fire started is still a mystery. It has been suggested that some one 
dropped .1 ligh.ted n\atch into one of the gasoline cans. That is impos- 
sible. If you disagree, try it yourself, (to to the commissary, buv a 
carton of matches and experiment. You take a box of fiftv and begin. 
The first one breaks off close to the tip. The second one does the 
same. You droj) it. The third one loses its head. You dro]) it. The 
fourth does the same — and so do you. You strikt' the fifth: lo. its head 
flies off and burns your coat. You don't need to drop it; you can hold 
on to the stick if you like while you mend your coat. You strike the 
sixth — and behold, a feeble, siekly flash illuminates the surrounding 
air — and disa]j])ears. Ciingerly and carefully using all precautions bv 
shading your hand and holding your breath, you strike the seventh; it 
sparks — it flames, it nearly burns — but at the eruci.al moment it gives 
a gasp and dies. And the mystery of what started the fire remains, 
unsolved. 



174 



On Active Service 




THE O. D. 

HIS IS the abbreviated title of a disliked job — for the 
officer of the day is one of those many necessary evils 
which thr manual of the Medical Department thrusts 
upon the Reserve Corps officer. He doesn't quite see the 
real need for it or that the name is correct, for we have 
found the (). 1). has more trouble and worry at night. 

The tour begins at 9:00 a. m.. by re])orting ;it the Adjutant's office. 
Included in the day part of the job is a round of the wards to see that 
everything is moving smoothly or to hear troubles which he is sup])osed 
to report and ]ia\e remedied. He admits patients any time during 
the '21' hours — is supposed to inspect all the meals of tlie personnel — 
to find out particularly as to waste of food. 

x-Vnother tour of the wards is made after the night nurses are on 
duty to ])rescribe for ])atients wlio need attention and to figure out 
whether he will be able to dream peacefully througli the night. And 
O. Ds. have been known to try any means of bribery ]>ossible to pre- 
vent being roused. For he is called often to assist in any emergency 
and to certify as to hour or cause of death. 

Challenging of the guards after 1 I :00 p. m., is part of the night's 
routine. At first this often brought about amusing complications, 
owing to the ignorance of both parties as to the other fellows' rights 
and privileges. I>ater in the fall the round of the guard's posts be- 
came more hazardous because of ditches and mud holes and the 
guards could blacken many an officer's character by re])orting verbatim 
some of the language provoked by these natural hazards. 

The hardest single chore in the (). D.'s life was attending reveille. 
It wasn't so lad in the sunnner when tlie sun was an e.'irlv riser, too. 
but getting up at ():()() a. m.. in the dark, especially after a hasty call 
or two to the wards in the wee sma' hours, was no joke. So here's to 
the first courageous O. D. who heard the bugle and then rolled over 
for an extra hour. 



THE CENSOR 

A CENSOR is a scoundrel, one upon whom descend the wrath 
j^^ of the entire ])o])ulace. From morning until night is heard the 
cries of the multitudes demanding his deliverance into their hands. 

He lives in seclusion during the day, venturing forth only at nio-ht. 

His life is a free and pleasant one, and knows no care. 



With Base IIo.spital Foktv-Six 



His duties arc oC the liiilittst. He is expected to censor daily only 
the amount oi' mail that may conveniently he carried on a five-ton 
truck. 

K\erv e\ tniiiii— ai)out 7:'^*' — a truck-load of mail is deli\-ered to 
each otficr s room for th.e |)ur])ose of beini>- censored. 

The earl\- hour of delivery was inau<;urated to facilitate the s])eedy 
accomplishment of the work, in order to i)ro\ ide .-.mple lime tor a few 
games of "Authors" int'ore ret"irini»-. 

Articles submitted to the censor are numerous and varied — every- 
thino- from ladies' daintv combinations of pink and blue silk to those 
cute little I'rencli locomoti\es. 

It is verv difficult. especiall\- for the young unmarried officers, to 
])ass judgment upon some of these articles, so in many instances they 
arc referred to the older aiul more experienced married men. 

Censoring is an irksome, but necessary duty and all conceriu'd will 
h.iil with gladness its abolition. 

In years to come in ci\il life — the temptation to write "Censored 
by" in the lower left-hand coriur of the envelope will indeed be 
strong, and many of us will perhaps yield. So if some morning vou 
fiiul a letter on your desk with the familiar inscri])tion overlook the 
irregularity — the writer was once upon a time in the A. K. F. 

J. H. JOHNSON. Captain 1). C.. 

Chief Censor B. H. 1() 




HdClli; I'lUSOXERS IX GR.AVEL PIT 



17(1 



On AtTivK Service 




HISTORY OF THE HOSPITAL FOLLOWING THE 

ARMISTICE 

Arthi'r S. Rosenfeli) 

0\'F.MBEK IL 191 <S, found Base Hospital 1() witli a 
ca])at'ity of 2Hi)() beds and only .'>,') I jiatients to occupy 
tluan. The lio.s])ital had been evacuated and its emer- 
oejicy ca])aeity increased in preparation for an offensive 
that never occurred. Tlie signin<i- of the armistice fore- 
stalled plans for a drive east of Metz — one that in its immensity would 
have surpassed any previously executed in our sector. So we rested on 
our oars, and .awaited develoiJUieiits. thinkin<i' our work was ])raetically 
over and there was nothing to do but board a train for a base port 
and home. Tlie ])eriod of relative inactivity tliil ensued was one of 
tlu' most tryini»' in our experience. The ])rattical cessation of work 
gave time for thought and the Higlit of imagination. It can trulv be 
said that we lived on rumors and sjx'culation during this period, 
although practically none liad the slightest foundation on fact. Minds 
formerly occupied with caring for the sick and wounded were now 
free to turn to thoughts of home. This created ;i susceptible soil for th.: 
rumor sowers who thrived ;is nt'\ cr before. Hut des))ite the fact that 
"the entire cent.-r was to be abandoned by the Xew Year" and that 
" K) was on the list for early return to tlu- United States," ])atients 
continued to come into Bazoilles by train or truck, and we received 
our share of them. There was. however, a notable and gratifvi ng 
difference from pre-armistice convoys in that these men included no 
freshly wounded or gassed. They were mostly medical cases and old 
surgical cases that were being passed down the line from field, camp 
and evacuation hospitals. Meanwhile thos.' of our original staff who 
had been away on surgical teams and other detached dutv began to 
c(y.nc back to us. It was not long before oar mess tables looked much 
as they did in the ))ioneer days at Bazoilles. 

When it became evident that we were not to sjjend Christmas in 
New York and that one miglit be gone .several days without being left 
bthind hy the dejiarting unit, attention of officers, nurses and personnel 
became focus. ■(! on the privilege of taking "leave." There was a wild 
scraml)le for tlie various open l(a\e areas and the members of Base 
Hospital M) scattered over the map of France as fast as French trains 
could carry them. Paris, Nice. .Marseilles, Monte Carlo, Rouen, Xancy. 
Grenoble and (i.rardmere were the i)laces most favored. Pay checks 
and bank notes melted as chaff before the wind, but the wanderers 



With Hask Hospital Komv-Six 177 

retunifd to the fold with new i(it as of I'rnncf id. as tliat Ba/.oillcs 
did not typify. 

The month of Xovtnihtr inarkrd thi' bcjj;iniii;iii- of thr disinttiiia- 
tioii of the unit. Some of the personnel were ordered to Savenay 
earlv in the month ,ind just l)efore Thanksgivinji-, fourteen of our 
nurses were detached for teuiporary duty at Heauue. Captain Dillehunt 
and Lieutenant Paluur siiiiiitied their inteutiou of takin<>- up reeon- 
struetion work and toward the middle of Deeemher. they were ordered 
to lio.s})itals near Bordeaux. 

Patients eontinued to pour into the hospital c iiti r. \\'ith the eon- 
o-estion and hloekiiif; of the base i)orts. evacuation of patients from 
the advanced zone hospitals became retirded. <)ur census there- 
fore rose ra])idly until we were caring for 7()(' ji.itients just before 
Christmas. This stimulated interest and enthusi.-ism on tiu- ))art of 
the unit members who ))referred to work during their wait for orders. 
Between Christmas and New Year our three chiefs of service — Majors 
Benson, Knox and Joyce — left us fen- home; M/ijor Otis ^^'io•ht became 
chief of the Medical Ser\ ice. and Major ^^'illiam Skene, chief of the 
Surgical Service. 

As if to make a fitting windup for the year of I <) 1 S and :i real 
stimulus for a New Year jollification, word was gi\en us on the evening 
of December .SI, that the unit had been ordered tc prepare for return 
to the States. Kvacuation Hos))ital ^8 was coming to relieve us and 
we were to jiut our property in shape to hand o\ tr to tiie incoming 
organization. This was truly joyful news with which to start the 
year of 1919. 

Things now began to happen fast in the unit. The liosjiital was 
completely inventoried and put in condition for our successors. Bar- 
racks, quarters and mess facilities were prepared in antici])ation of 
their arrival. On January 1. Evacuation Hospital Xo. '21. which was 
to relieve Base Hospital t'J. arrived in Bazoillcs and we felt sure 
that our relief would soon ))ut in its appearance. Tliose of our staff 
who had signified their willingness to remain in France, as well as 
those officers wh.o were not of our original unit, were ordered to report 
for iluty at Pro\isioi)al Hosi)ital Xo. 1. which was to take over the 
premises and ])atients of Base Hospital X'o. IS. This list included 
Majors Koch and Hol)ison. Captain Earle and Li. utenants West, Pat- 
ton and Bouldin. Orders to return home as "casuils" were received on 
Jami.iry 9 by C.apt.ains .Macomber ,ind Morse ami Lieutenants Blair 
and Daves. They left us on .January 1 .S for Angers. On January 9 
those of our nurses wlio had inen on detached ihity at Beaune were 
returned to us. 



1 78 On Active Service 

AH of our casual enlisted pcrsoniul wt-rc drt/iclud from us on Janu- 
ary 10. and ordered to rejjort for duty at Provisional Hos))ital No. 1. 

On January 18, we received orders to e\aeu ite our hospital com- 
pletely the next day. At 1{):,S() a. m.. on January IS), we btf>-an remov- 
ing our 110 patients to the other hos))itals of the center. By 5 :.'3() 
p. m. Base Hospital No. i(i wa.s empty for the first time since Julv 2S. 
The ho.sj)ital records were taken to G. H. Q. at Tours on January 22 
by the Registr.ar and this delixery otficiallv closed the career of the 
liospital. 

The detachments iuunediately started to take (h)wn and dry our 72 
tent sections. By performinj)- this tremendous task in three days they 
won the praise and admiration of all. Medical su])j)Iies were checked, 
assembled and crated preparatory to hantling ovtir to the center. Pro])- 
erty release was obtained on P'ebruary 6. On February 1, five of our 
medical officers were detached and ordered to Evacuation Hosjjital No. 
21 for duty. The list included Captain Ziegelman and Lieutenants 
Kelley, Scott, Mars and ^MacKenzie. Captain Selling left the unit on 
pebruary 19 under orders to report to Savenay for duty and return 
home witli convoy. Captain Dillehunt rejoined the unit on February 
20. Many of our nurses who desired to remain in service were ])ut on 
duty at Base Hospital 18 and Provisional Base Hospital No. 1. Four 
more of the personnel volunteered for duty with the Headtjuarters of 
the Third Army and left for Coblentz. 

On February 2.) the unit was taken from a list of six base hos))ita]s, 
which were being held in reserve, and jilaced on the priority sailing- 
list. Finally, on March 6, after weeks of tedious waiting, we received 
our preliminary orders requesting a statement as to the strength of our 
entire command and as to the earliest date at which we could be ready 
to leave for a base port and embarkation. A reply was sent to Em- 
barkation Headquarters that we could leave by March H). On March 
17, Captain Hynson with three of the personnel left for Nantes to 
act as billeting officers for the unit. The next day brought us the long 
expected orders to leave for the coast port, and accordingly, on March 
\9. the remainder of the officers, nurses and personnel entrained at 
B.izoilles at 1 1 j). m., for the start home. 

The hardships of this sixty-hour ride on a poor French train were 
lightened materially by the knowledge that at last we were homeward 
bound. We arrived at Nantes on the morning of ^larch 22. Here our 
nurses left us for their billet in Leb.aule — a beautiful resort near the 
mouth of the Loire River. The rest of the train was sliunted over to 
Bouguenais, a very picturesque Brittany village eight kilometers out- 



\\ ITII HasK HOSIMIAI, I'oHTV-SiX 



179 




Top— ClLitiMii Hc;i.l(|ii:irtrT-. H(iu-.i iii.i is. i ppci Uil-IiI I.immii- Iimiii, Mhldlr Kiirlit— 
Wiiulinill f(ir frr.iin. l.eCt — IiisptH'tidii of Kiniipim-iit. I.owei- Kiirlit — Out- (;C the 

Persoiiiiel Billets 



JcSO 



On Active Service 



side of Xnntes, where the officers and personnel were billeted awaiting 
(M-der8 to l:oard the transport. Wv spent a delightful three weeks in 
this area, occupying the time with outdoor sports, sightseeing and vis- 
iting the historical city of Xantes. The headquarters of the hospital 
and the officers' mess were located in the stately Chateau Beauvoir. 
During our stay there preliminary inspections were held and "pajier 
work" was brought u]) to (Late. Under command of Major Skene our 
juirses sailed from Brest on April 9 and landed in New York for final 
discharge. Two days after they sailed, the unit was ordered to proceed 
to St. X'azaire for eml arkation. After wh.at seemed an eJidless amount 
of inspection, transfer from camp to camp, delousing and another in- 
iinite amount of j)a])er work we finally reached the momentous day 
when we were to board the boat. On account of lack of first-class 
accommodations we were forced to leave behind seven officers who were 
to follow on the next transport. On Easter Sunday at 1 p. m., we 
walked the gang ])]ank of the good ship Finland and once again set 
foot on American soil. By midnight we were out of sight of the coast 
of France. 

The crossing was une\eutful. Sports, games, concerts and enter- 
taimnents heli)ed to wiiile away the ten days. There was ver\- little sea- 




Tppci U-ll -Our ti-Min at Nantes. Lower left — A Li/\ (la\ on lli,- l-inlaihl. I pper 

rigiit — Cootie Inspection. .Middle rijrht — Hoxitiyr on I'iidand. Lower rielit — Line up 

for inspection at St. Xazaire 



With 15 ask Hosimtai. I'OiiTS-Sn 



ISl 



i 



■^K8T, 




Left atid iippor ritflit — F.iiiliMikiii- on Kuiland at St. Na/airi'. Middle rifflit- 
Sweoper. Lower li^'lit — New 'iOik ("it\- 



-Mine 



18^ On A(tivk Sekvick 

siokiie.ss because the boat was unusually steady aiul the ocean smooth. 
On April .*i(). at ."i p. ni., we caujjht our first fi-linipse of the good old 
U. S. A., arriving in New York harbor that evening. The next morning 
our transport moved uj) to Hoboken. where we disembarked and 
boarded the train for Camp Merritt. Here we were subjected to another 
long wait occa.sioned by a lack of transportation. Captain Bouvy 
obtained his discharge from this cam]) and ]\Iftjor Dillehunt was de- 
tached for special work at Walter Reed Hospital. Several of the 
detachment also were discharged during this period. On May 1") we 
boarded the train for Cam)) Lewis, where we arrived five days Liter 
after an uneventful tri]). The four days following saw the final disin- 
tegration of Base Hospital 1() as the men received their discharges and 
left for their homes. 

At various times during the summer months officers, nurses and 
members of the detaclnnent who had been away from the unit for duty, 
special army work or university courses abroad, returned home, each 
with interesting accounts of his or her experiences. The members of 
the unit will always take ])ride in the work done by the organization 
in the War for Democracy and rejoice in their good fortune at having 
been able to contribute their "bit." And tiuis ends the story of U. S. 
Army liase Hospital No. K). 



MY BULLY BEEF 

The meals Lve eaten you. dear beef. 

Are as a nightmare to my mind. 
I used to s(|uirm and turn pale at the thought. 

But now — I am resigned. 

Youre made up into balls and hash, 
You're camoufiaged in pies and stew. 

Although a brave and fearless army mirse, 
Lve wept a tear — or two. 

You've turned my stomach inside out. 

You've made me both to sigh and frown. 
But after many months I now have learned 

To keep you down — dear beef — to kee}) you down. 



With Base Hospital Forty-Six 



18.'5 





WHAT THE WAR-TIM H ROAD SAH) TO ME 

The war-time road was a mighty tiling. 
V\'itli .ill the "))(■])" of the Yankee swing. 
They put the whip tliat was needed tliere, 
As they jjut in tlie whip most everywliere. 
A part of the Yankee moving sliow. 
Was tlie Yankee saying. "Com^" on. let's go." 
As I watched them passing night and dav, 
Tlie war-time road to me did say, 
Eet's end it. 



It was sort of a weird. iineaiiii\- thing, 
Was the war-time road with the Yankee swing. 
It grijjped my soul and it held me there, 
Bnt all I could do was stand and stare. 
The truest pride I liave ever had. 
Was the one that came for the Yankee lad, 
As I watched him going on his wav. 
And the war-time road to me did say, 
Let's end it 



1 8 !• On Active Skhvk e 

The \v;ir-tinu' ro.ul was an tiidk-ss c-liaiii. 
Of motor trucks of every name. 
Tile .artillery manned with the Yankee force, 
We hear it called the "Iron Horse." 
Most every part of the war machine, 
Upon the war-time road was seen. 
I .•ini sorry for you. who did not see, 
The war-time road as it said to me. 
Let's end it. 

U|)on the war-time road I stood. 

\A"heii the fi>>;htin<i' was hot in the Arjionne \\'o()d, 
Upon the road tlie doughboys eame. 
In a never ceasing, endless chain; 
They are the men who to you can tell. 
If there is truth in the saying. "\\'ar is Hell." 
They all went b\- with spirits ga\-. 
And the war-time road iiad cause to sa\'. 
Let's end it. 

The war-time road to uie was sad, 
I know a Mother, jjerhaps a Dad, 
Was jiraying. "God keep my Yankee lad; 
Gi\e iiini strength to see it through; 
Give him the will to dare and do." 
The prayer, I think, was an answered call. 
With a concerted force they ended it all. 
The war-tiuie road spoke a message true, 
They ended it. 

— Pearl J'. LumrccrU 



THE ARMY NURSE 

"Man works from Sun to Sun, 

But woman's work is never done." 

The saying, we admit, is trite. 

But the Army Xurse will swear it's riyht. 



\\'rrn Hash Hosimtai, F<»htv-Six IS,') 

After Don blows n\cilli-. 
The Night Supe coincs ah)n<;. 
And plays a plaintive melody 
L'])on her silver yoiiii'. 

Tlien sighs and groans and curses 
Perxade the early dawn. 
^^'e get up because we have to. 
And ])ut our grey crepe on. 

We aren't half ready. e\er 
When we hear anotiier gong. 
So we hurry [o the mess hall. 
To be landed on b\- John. 

For tliougli we should be soldiers, 
It grieves one much to state. 
Tiiat nine times out of ten times. 
To breakfast we are late. 

Oi'ce more back to our (juarters 
\\'e don caps, cutfs and collars, 
Then saunter gaily to our ward 
To earn our se\-enty dollars. 

There's nu'dieine, there are dressings. 
There are scores of beds to make. 
There are iu)uris]unents to fuss with. 
There are tem])er;itures to take. 

Those things, so the book says, 
I ncle Sam is ])aying for, 
Hut any nurse will tell vou 
There are twenty thousand more. 

There are pictures of the folks at home, 
We feel we uuist admire. 
There nrv stories of "The Only (lirl." 
Of which we ne^•er tire. 

There are arguments to settle. 

There are letters we help to write. 

There are che\ rons to be sewn on, 

There are cigarettes to lio-ht. 



lcS() On Active Service 

We know we all resemble, 
Someone he knew back there, 
And sometimes we must lecture him 
'Eout living "On the square." 

And when the evening finds us, 
Saying our "Goodniglit" to tliem. 
We aren't one-half so weary 
As we were at 6 a. m. 



^'^ V^ k^ v<^ 



THOSE FLIES 

It wasn't the bombs that we minded, 

Tlie i)lanes of the Huns and all that, 
^^t wasn't the work with the wounded. 

On hard beds in our wet tents we sat 
Never thinking of hardshijis or trouble.-,. 

But, oh, tlie real pests of our lives 
Were those pesky old buzzing black creatures. 

Those horrible Hies, flies, flies. 

We met them first thing in the morning 

When they buzzed us awake witli the sun. 
East thing in the evening they ki.ssed us goodnight. 

When our hard day's work was done. 
They met us at work in the surgery, 

Or resting outside 'neath the trees, 
And what they couldn't do to annoy us, 

They left to their comrades, the bees. 

In the darkened old mess tent thrice daily. 

We battled with both in the heat. 
On our dark granite plates they would smuggle away, 

To greet us when st.arting to eat. 
In our coff"ee they'd drop, in the syru)) they'd flop. 

We ate them in hash and in pies. 
Some flavor, no doubt, t)ut I'd as soon be without 

The flavor of hornets and flies. 



With Bask Ho.spital I'uutv-Six 



187 



M'ould we clijuu'c to h;i\c sweets with our dinner. 

Some a])))le sauce, peaelies or jell. 
'Twas a tight with tile hornets to <:,-et a small taste. 

Without tastinij hornets as well. 
liy steadily waving one h/md in the air. 

\\'e sometimes could sneak in a piece. 
But we usually lost in the battle at last. 

And left it behind for the hees. 

In our surgery tlies knew no meaning for sterile. 

And wi]ied their feet otf on our tables and gai;/e. 
They'd walk on the })atient. the nurse or the surg.on, 

Xo respectors of persons or feelings or laws. 
In the Dakin's Solution many drowned ever\- day. 

And the alcohol cost many lives. 
But for eacli one dejjarted a dozen more came. 

So we never were lonesome for flies. 



4 9 4 <fr 



THE LAUNDRY OK BA/OILTES 

All Sing Low and .Sling Ton High 

They rail a laundry at Bazoilles. 

Did Sling Ton High and Ah Sing Low. 

Xow in Bazoilles before they came 

The Frogs had charge of the laundry game. 

"Their anti(|nated ways are slow," 

Said Sling Ton High and .\li Sing Low. 

"They dip our soclets long and loose 

In the stagnant slime of the Ri\-er Moose. 

Or drop onr perfumed O. I), blouse 

In the sloppy pools of the laundrv house. 



"Betimes they soak our lingerie 

In the puddled highways of Bazwie. 

\\'here the water drains from the piled m.inure, 

.\nd expect that the washing will come out |)urc.' 



188 On Active Skrvre 

So Ah Sing I>ow and Sling Ton Higli 
Determined that their luck they'd try. 
Tliey'd try their hand at tlie laundry game 
With the ho])e of suhliniatiiig same. 

They liired an artist Lu}) Ton Lee, 
'I'o ))aint them a sign on the Launderie. 
The sign he painted — the names still show — 
Read Sling Ton High and Ah Sing Low. 

He painted a hole, 'twas true and S(|uar(': 
You could drop your laundry jjackages there. 
And the Chinese words scrawled one by one 
Tohi in glowing terms how the work was done. 

They washed his sox for a month or more 

To })ay for the sign on the laundry door. 

(Hi' had ju.st one pair in his trousers li-an, 

So he'd go to bed while they washed them clean.) 

Before they bid for the laundry trade. 
That the Eazoilles Hosj)ital Center made 
'I'hey tried their skill on their own laundry, 
Tor they wanted to see what tlu'v should si'C. 

They saved up their washing for one long moon. 
Lor less than a month would not be soon 
Lnough for a wholesale working test, 
At which they determined to do their best. 

From the list api)ended you'll deduce. 

They changed their clothes at the least excuse. 

Their friends remarked that they lookeii (juite sleek 

l"or tliey ])ut clean sox on every week. 

CHIXESL LAUNDRY l(i 

PRICKS MODLST 

LAUNDRY LIST 

1 Shirt, O. D. 

2 Towels and Stocks 

2 LT^nion Suits and lb' Sox. 



^^ ITU liASK HoSl'ITM. I'OUTvSlX 



189 



^ 



HRNpV-f>\)NpR\ 



A 

I 



ii. 



iMC. Ton M l'>^1 



prap PxcKWOES HffRC 




'rik'v horrowfd some soaj) (it was thin aiut frail) 
Tluv borrowed a wash hoard and a ])ail. 
I'litv were determined to make things Hy 
Wi're Ah Sinji,' Low and Slinj^ Ton Higli. 

Tile Chinese pair with |)ur])ose Ji'rim. 
(The nanu's. ot" course, .ire a nom de plume). 
Started to work at the rise of the sun. 
IJiit neii'leeted to reckon that dyes will run. 

.\ |)air ot SOX of a iia\ \- shade 
Specially dvid for the Army trade. 
(•a\e its color with tancy free 
To the linffcrinj'- balance of the lini>-erii'. 



A towel wdiich .should li;ive been |)iire white, 

Tike .sprinkled snow on a starrv iiiijht. 

Displayi-d a pallid shade of blue 

^^'itll brownish spots where the dirt showed throuo-h. 



190 



On Activk Servh e 



The shirts (). 1). wtrc mottled :\\ui tanned 
As if In- a futurist artist planned; 
A tone that a eoiinoisseur niijvht e()ni])are 
'I'o a brindled niau\c with a purplish i>lare. 

The things we cannot call by name 
(Our modesty forbids the same) 
Were an undetermined Alice blue 
A\''liieh canioutlaged their uatiw hue. 

The air of the room was a l)iuish shade; 
Blue was the mess that they had madi'. 
They swore they never again would tr\- 
Did Ah Sing Low and Sling Ton High. 

So endeth the tale of the business go 
Of Sling Ton High and Ah Sing Low. 
And the laundry game though in high esteem 
Has faded out of their color scheme. 

And now again with ghoulish glee 
The I<"rogs get hold of the launderie. 
Tliey wash it clean and scrub it pure 
In the Bazoilles extract of manure. 




\\'i'iii Bask Hosimtai, I'ohtv-Six 



191 



I/EXVOI 

So it isn't the doses of (juiiiiiic. 
And it isn't the "C. C. pills," 
Nor the iodine ))icture.s we've painted 
That liave cured tlie most of their ills. 



It's the faet thai we h)oiv like their sweetliearts. 
Or scold them just like tlieir ohl dad^. 
Or mend their torn shirts just like Mother 
That has cured many homesick youn<i- lads. 

— M a rj oric M acE ica n 



INDEX 



Page 

Ad j utant's ( )ffic'(' 84 

A Resiiiue of the Quarternuister Department 139 

Arrival in France ii-2 

Assignments of Officers 44 

Baseball at Forty Six 159 

Bazoilles ()() 

Bible Class 158 

Chart of .\ctivities 9.5 

Convalescent Fntertainers Mr2 

Commanding Officers, Base Hospital 46 T 

Daily Life in the Base Hospital Kitchens 1::^4 

Dental Department 117 

J^e])artment of Internal Medicine 109 

Dejiartiire 50 

Domremy 170 

1^'nlisted Persoimel l)y Departments S7 

Fxjierience With a Casual Company 1()5 

Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Department 115 

Financing the Pvirchase of F^quipment i2 

(leneral Activities _■ 44 

Hands Off 9() 

History i^'oli owing tlie y\rmistice 17() 

Im))rimis 5 

In Memoriam 8 

Kiddies of France (Verse) 141 

1 ,anding at Liverpool 51 

i /Envoi 191 

Life on the Meuse ')8 

Literary Society 155 

Lo, the Poor Wardman \IJ 

Mailing Address for Enlisted Personnel -H 

Mess De])artment of Base Hospital 4() IJl 

Meiisings 71 

Mobilization 1() 

My Bully Beef ( Verse) IH2 

Xurses 23 

Nurses' Club 151 

Nurses Lifirmary - 154 

Officers, Base Hospital 46 11 

Official Enrollment of Personnel 4;;? 

Ojierating Team's First Experience 100 

()]ierating Uooin in an Evacuation Hos])ital. KKi 

Orclicstra Kit 



INDEX 



Ort-gon Xiirses CHaddeii Ht-arts of I'n-iicli Kiddit-s .^ no 

Our Experience With Wild Boar |;| 

Our E()()tl)all Artists I,;,, 

Our Only Eire j-.j 

Paper Work Kj"- 

Passage Through England "^~^^^"'''l ;,i 

Personnel CMuh /-- 

Pharniac'\- 



„. ,. . - IK) 

Prelnninary Organization 1^1 

Prei)arations for Dej)arture from Camp Merritt ,i() 

Presentation of Colors ^^ 

Receiving and Evacuating Department 90 

Registrar's Office .' g- 

Robinson Crusoe and His Island "Isolation"..^!^" 147 

Roster of Original Detachment of :200 :>7 

Sanitary Department ^^^ 

Surgical De})artinent jjj. 

Surgical Team Xo. T7 [ 10') 

Surgical Team Xo. 78 j^^, 

Surgical Team Xo. 79 ^^ j,,^ 

The Army Xurse (Verse) ,q. 

The Censor ^* 

The Chapel and the Chaplain's WorkZ....... 137 

The Destination in Erance "^„ 

The Disability Board..." "J^ 

The Electric Power Plant joo 

The Eire Department.. :.i 

The Guards J*^ 

The Hospital Center .........'. 

The Journey Eastward ,„ 

The Journey Through Erance T 

The Laundry of Bazoilles (Verse) iq' 

The Medical Sup])lv Department i,, 

The Mess Dei)artnient J^q 

The Xurscs' Trip Overseas .1 

I'he O. D. •^•' 

The Red Cross J';5 

The Tent Citv 

The Voyage .! '.'''Z'Z'''''. ^Y' 



The Work of Base Hospital Xo 46 r^ 

Those Elies (Vevsf).. ,^1 

Cnit at Work ^^^ 



What the War-Timc RoadSaidI "tirM^'Yve^sO 183 

-\-Ray l.aboratorv ' 



59 

8.3 

11.3 



